نشریه روان پرستاری
سال ششم شماره 4 (پیاپی 28، مهر و آبان 1397)

One of the areas where female students with social anxiety need helping to improve their health is to weaken their social anxiety and stress. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of positive existential therapy and Iranian-Islamic positive therapy on social anxiety and stress in female students with social anxiety. The research method was semi-experimental, and research design was three groups with two stages (pre-test and post-test design). In order to carry out the research, from 400 secondary school female students with social anxiety in Ardestan city in 2017, 45 female students were selected based on criteria of entry and exit and then randomly assigned in three groups; including two groups of positive existential therapy and Iranian-Islamic positive therapy (each group with 15 person) and control group (with 15 person). Social anxiety questionnaire and adolescent stress questionnaire were used to measure the dependent variables of the research in the pretest and post-test. The group of positive existential therapy received 10 sessions of treatment, group of Iranian-Islamic positive therapy received 11 sessions of treatment and the control group did not receive any treatment. The data were analyzed with the use of analysis of covariance. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the positive existential therapy and Iranian-Islamic positive therapy and control groups in social anxiety and stress in post-test after controlling for pretest (P < 0.001). Also there is a significant difference between positive existential therapy and Iranian-Islamic positive therapy in stress. Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that existential positive therapy and Iranian-Islamic positive treatment are two therapeutic methods that can help female students with social anxiety to overcome their anxiety and stress problems, and live with less stress and anxiety.

One of the problems of women with repeated abortions is to reduce the tolerance threshold and reduce resilience to psychological problems. There is a variety of therapies to increase the resilience of these people, including those based on admission and commitment therapy and mindfullness therapy. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the efficacy and comparison of treatment based on admission and commitment and mindfullness therapy on the resilience of women with repeated abortions. The present study was applied and semi-experimental method was done using a pre-test post-test design. The statistical population of this study included all women with abortion in Maragheh city in the first nine months of 1396. The sample consisted of 45 women with abortion that were selected by random sampling and were randomly assigned to two experimental and one control groups. The resilience test of Davidson (2001) was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using one-variable covariance analysis and SPSS software. The results showed that mindfulness-based treatment and acceptance and commitment-based treatment had an effect on increasing the survival rate of women in repeated abortions. Mindfulness-based treatment is more effective than acceptance and commitment therapy (0.001). Based on the findings of the research, mindfulness helps people to identify situations that are causing anxiety and stress, learn better about themselves, identify their weaknesses and strengths, and then learn coping strategies to face these situations. Commitment and acceptance make the patient, with his valuable goals, move on with his experiences completely and without resistance, and accept them without judgment of their correctness or incorrectness upon emergence.

Addiction as a destructive scourge of human society threatens severely the adolescent and young groups. Therefore this study was done aimed to evaluation the effectiveness of group gestalt therapy on amount of tendency to addiction. Design of this study was Clinical Trial type as pretest-posttest with control group. Statistical population consisted of all student of Islamic Azad University Medical Branch of Tehran in 2017. The sample were all 36 people of from students who were selected through simple random sampling and were divided randomly into two groups- under training and control. For collection data was used from Iranian Addiction Potential Scale (IAPS). Data analyzing was conducted with multivariate analysis of variance and SPSS-22. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the pre-test of tendency to addiction (F= 0.122, P > 0.05), but there was a significant difference in post-test (F= 6.15, P < 0.05) and follow-up (F= 4.29, P < 0.05) which indicates the effectiveness of group gestalt therapy. According to the findings this study, can suggested group gestalt therapy as an effective way to reduce student addiction and first-line prevention.

Obsessive- compulsive disorder is one of the most common psychiatric disorders that affects on life aspects. With the respect to high prevalence of obsessive -compulsive disorder and destructive effects of this disorder on interpersonal and social relationships in the long term, this study evaluates the effectiveness of psychological well-being treatment on clinical symptoms and the fear of negative evaluation of patients with washing compulsive disorder. Present study is semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design and follow-up study .statistical society was all women with washing compulsive disorder at Khane Mehr and Holy Shrine clinics in Mashhad city in 2017 that a random sample (n=30 )was selected, then randomly divided into two groups : experimental group(n=15) and control group (n=15).Then for experimental group, wellbeing-based treatment was performed at 12 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. The data was collected by Yale-Brown obsessive- compulsive disorder scale (Goodman et al, 1989) and negative evaluation questionnaire (Leary ,1983) and analyzed by variance analysis method (ANOVA) and SPSS 23 software.Findings suggested that psychological well-being therapy had a significant and positive effect on practical and obsessive-compulsive disorder (P <0.001), which persisted two months after the intervention. Data analysis showed that psychological well-being therapy had a significant effect on the fear of negative evaluation of patients with washing compulsive disorder, which persisted at follow-up study. Study results showed that psychological well-being treatment is effective in reducing practical obsessive-compulsive disorder and also the fear of negative evaluation of washing compulsive disorder. This interventional method can be used as an effective method in the treatment of people with obsessive-compulsive disorder in counseling centers

Marital violence is one of the most topic in family domain. The goal of this violence is hurt to spouse into psychic, physical, verbal, finance or emotional abuse. One of the variety of domestic violence to pay fewer is women marital violence against men. This study was done with qualitative research and grounded theory method. Sampling continued until theoretical saturation was obtained. Totally 34 participants (17 couples) with marital violence experience were interviewed in semi structured and in-depth method and analyzed using the grounded theory. Finding indicated women domestic violence against men have personal, couples, families and para family chief dimensions with its subsection. Then with regard to finding, causal condition, facilitating conditions, phenomena and strategies and its Conceptual model and selective coding explained. The phenomenon and pivotal category in this conceptual model is marriage inappropriate. Its underlying factors are individual factors that include issues such as physiological and biological issues, addiction, personality disorders and personality traits as well as family factors such as non-discrimination, family structure, building power in the family, and inappropriate family experiences. Economic, occupational, organizational, social and cultural factors play the role of the underlying factors, and irrational thoughts, differences between men and women and marital myths are interfering factors. Men and women in the face of this violence use ineffective communication patterns, resulting in these false solutions, frustration, the loss of love and intimacy, the overcoming of relationships, sexual deviations and disorders in men.

Post-traumatic stress disorder is considered as a disorder that is associated with the stress which is expressed in people who exposed to severe harmful events and causes a lot of psychological problem. Present research aimed to determine the effectiveness of hope therapy on psychological well-being and resilience in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. This research was a semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research population was included patients with post-traumatic stress disorder referring to Ghate Gomshodeh counseling clinic of Tehran city in 2017 year. The research sample was 40 patients were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group educated hope therapy for 8 sessions of 2 hours over a period of one month. Data were collected by using the questionnaires of psychological well-being and resilience and to assess post-traumatic stress disorder was used from clinical interview. The data were analyzed by MANCOVA method. The findings showed that in the post-test stage there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in psychological well-being and resilience. In the other words, hope therapy significantly led to increase the psychological well-being and resilience of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. The results indicate the importance of hope therapy in the improvement the psychological well-being and resilience. Therefore, hope therapy method can be used by counselors and therapists to improve the psychological well-being and resilience of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is the most common behavioral disorder in children that results in social, educational, and familial ability problems. Psychodrama is one of the effective psychotherapy methods in curing some of psychological disorders. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the effect of psychodrama on social skills of school children suffering from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This research is a semi-experimental research including a pretest-posttest instrument with a control group. The statistical population includes all school children suffering from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder were referred to Tehran NezamMafi Rehabilitation Clinic in 2016; in 90 children who had the quality of participating in the research 40 children were selected to be available and were placed accidentally and simply into two equal 20-population experiment and control groups. The Social Skill Rating System (SSRS) by Gresham & Elliot (1990) was used to investigate the children’s social skills. After the pretest, the experiment group participated in 12 sessions of psychodrama lasting 40-60 minutes and the control group received routine interventions. After conducting the experiment, the social skills of the two experiment and control group were investigated and the data was analyzed through descriptive statistical calculations and differential T-test by SPSS v.22 software. The comparison of the scores between two experimental and control groups of the children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder showed that the average of the scores in experimental group was 35.72 with standard deviation 19.4 )P = 0.001) that was more than the average of the control group 29.63 with standard deviation of 30.2 (P = 0.069), and it showed that the experiment group in comparison with the control group had a meaningful increase in social skills and their subdivisions (P < 01.0, t = 71.5). The findings demonstrates that psychodrama increases social skills of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, so it can be used as a therapeutically method in teaching social skills to these children.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of patients' ability to comprehend, express and control emotions in the relationship between cognitive executive functions and patients’ belief in their abilities regardless of pain called pain self-efficacy. This study was a correlational one, in which 115 patients undergoing hemodialysis were selected through convenience sampling from three dialysis centers in Qom province from 2016 to 2017. The subjects completed emotion control, pain self-efficacy and cognitive executive functions scales. Data were analyzed by calculating Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression and path analysis. The results showed that there is a correlation between pain self-efficacy and cognitive executive functions as a latent variable. There is a direct significant relationship between cognitive executive functions and emotion control. The total score of emotion control has a meaningful relationship with numerical memory score and vocabulary range. Emotion control has a direct and significant effect on pain self-efficacy. The direct and indirect effects of cognitive executive functions on self-efficacy are positive and significant. Pain self-efficacy has a negative and significant relationship with the total score of emotion control (r = 0.339). The pain self-efficacy variable has a negative and significant relationship with the subscales of anger and depressed mood (one of the subscales of emotion control). The results of this study confirm the importance of emotion control as a mediator variable between cognitive executive functions and pain self-efficacy. As a result, using cognitive rehabilitation programs and increased awareness of dialysis patients regarding their emotions can contribute to the development of positive emotions and higher self-efficacy in these patients.

The current research was administered with the aim of studying the structural model of the relationship between big five factors personality, emotional intelligence abilities and positive psychological (gratitude and optimism) with interpersonal forgiveness. The research method was correlational and the statistical population comprised of all nursing students of Isfahan University of medical sciences and Isfahan Islamic Azad University (khorasgan) in academic year 2015-2016 that 274 persons were selected by stratified sampling procedure that was proportional to the portion of population in community according to cohen et al (2000) sample size table. Research instruments were five major personality factors questionnaire, emotional intelligence ability questionnaire, gratitude questionnaire, life orientation questionnaire and interpersonal motivation related to damage. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and Structure Equation Modeling. There is a significant relationship between five factors include personality, emotional intelligence abilities and psychological positive (gratitude and optimism) with interpersonal forgiveness (p<0.01). Moreover the results of structural equations indicated that personality traits included openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness have direct effect on emotional intelligence. The emotional intelligence has direct effect on gratitude and optimism also the gratitude has the same effect on revenge. The results of this study showed that big five factors personality, emotional intelligence abilities and positive psychological (gratitude and optimism) can help to grow and improve interpersonal forgiveness of nursing students.