نشریه روانشناسی معاصر
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (پاییز 1396)

Objectives: Undoubtedly, the family is the first and most important factor in human development and is worthy of paying attention. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of family-based psychology program on marital satisfaction and their children's affiliation to computer games. Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental research with control group. The statistical population of the present study included all married workers (610 people) employed at the headquarters of the Civil Registration Organization. Of them, 30 eligible individuals were selected through purposeful sampling. The experimental group received a Psychological Intervention Program (12 sessions of group training, one session per week and each session lasts 90 minutes). The control group did not receive any interventions during this period. The study instruments included Marriage Satisfaction Questionnaire and Computer Assisted Dependency Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis and repeated measurements. Results : The family-centered psychological intervention program increased marital satisfaction and decreased the dependence on computer games of adolescent children and these results were stable over the follow-up phase. Conclusion : The intervention package of the present study can be used to increase marital satisfaction and reduce the dependence of children on computer games

Objectives The purpose of this study was to design and test a model of some antecedents and outcomes of emotional labor strategies.
Methods The research sample consisted of 210 nurses of Golestan Hospital in Ahwaz who were selected by simple random sampling method. The study instruments were emotional labor, emotional intelligence, positive events, emotional display rules, emotional exhaustion and turnover intention questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in SPSS V. 21 and AMOS V. 21.
Results The proposed model relatively fitted the data. Better fit and more meaningful results were obtained by omitting one non-significant path (positive events to surface acting) and correlating the errors of one path (surface acting and deep acting). Findings also revealed that emotional intelligence and emotional display rules directly affect surface acting and deep acting; positive events directly effects deep acting and both emotional labor strategies directly effect on emotional exhaustion and turnover intention.
Conclusion The meditating role of emotional exhaustion on the relationships of emotional labor strategies and turnover intention was confirmed

Objectives This study examined the role of achievement goals in moderating the relationship between sex and academic self-handicapping.
Methods In our correlational research, 320 university students (154 men and 166 women) were selected by multistage cluster random sampling method. They completed the Academic Self-Handicapping Scale (ASHS) and the Achievement Goal Questionnaire-Revised (AGQ-R). Based on the suggestion logic (baron & Kenny, 1986), the model of moderation among sex, achievement goals, and academic self-handicapping was examined by regression analysis.
Results According to hierarchical regression model results, male students compared to their female classmates reported higher levels of academic self-handicapping. Results also indicate a negative significant relationship between mastery-approach and mastery avoidance and positive significant relationship between performance-approach and performance-avoidance. Non-significant sex × achievement goals interactions were found in the relationship between sex and academic self-handicapping.
Conclusion In sum, achievement goals do not moderate the association between sex and academic self-handicapping

Objective: Ignoring the behaviors and activities that are desirable for one or practicing it in a way that is not desirable for him or her is considered sacrifice. The results of studies on the relationship between sacrifice and marital quality are different and contradictory. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to estimate the overall effect size of the relationship between sacrifice and marital quality. Methods: To achieve this purpose, the related literature concerning these variables was investigated in dissertations and research articles published in scientific journals from 1998 to 2017. Based on the research inclusion criterion, 21 research studies, including 6 dissertations and 15 articles were considered for meta-analysis, measuring 76 effects size for the relationship between sacrifice and marital quality. The coefficients and indicators were calculated by the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA-2) software. Results: Investigating the publication bias showed that studies on the relationship between sacrifice and marital quality were not biased. The results also showed a significantly positive correlation (r=0.179, P<0.01) between sacrifice and marital quality. Although according to Cohen's criteria, this figure is low. Investigating the role of moderator variables revealed that the relationship between sacrificing behaviors and marital quality was influenced by the moderator variables such as the type of publication and research place so that the effect size of research in Iran increased to 0.425. Conclusion: Results of this meta-analysis indicate that sacrifice is influenced by social and cultural context. Theoretical and practical implications of this research results were discussed in detail

Objectives Experience avoidance and cognitive fusion play a role in etiology of mental disorders. Hence, it is important to recognize these components in the prevention of mental disorders. The purpose of this study was to standardize prevention and fusion questionnaire for young population of Iran.
Methods Our research design was cross-sectional. The study population were students aged 15 to 20 years studying in Tehran. Of these, 450 students were selected by convenience sampling method. To collect data, cognitive avoidance and cognitive fusion questionnaires for young people, white bear inhibition, acceptance and practice of second version, revised scale of anxiety and depression in children and mental health questionnaire were used. Data analysis was performed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach alpha coefficient showed that this questionnaire has acceptable reliability (0.80).
Results The exploratory analysis with Varimax rotation showed that factor one predicts 25.25% of total variance. Validity of confirmatory factor confirms one-factor model (RMSEA=0.06, df/2ƛ=2.134). Convergent validity of questionnaire showed a positive relationship between avoiding and cognitive fusion, experiential avoidance, social anxiety symptoms, panic attacks, separation anxiety, depression, general anxiety, practical obsessive-compulsive disorder, and abusive thinking. The divergent validity of questionnaire also showed a significant negative relationship between avoidance and cognitive fusion and mental health.
Conclusion Based on the study results, avoidance and cognitive fusion questionnaire for young people has good psychometric properties

Objective This study was carried out to investigate the role of empathy, communication skills and conflict resolution in reducing adolescents' aggressive behavior.
Methods This experimental study used a pretest/ posttest design with a control group. The study population included male high school students in Hamedan and Tehran cities, Iran. The sampling in the first step was done through multistage cluster sampling and in the second step, random substitution sampling was used. In addition, to increase the confidence coefficient and controlling the examinees’ drop-out, twenty students were allocated to each group and were divided into 4 groups through random substitution sampling. First, the interpersonal aggressive questionnaire was administered to the students. Then, 80 students (i.e., 40 students in each province) were chosen from those whose scores were upper than the cut-off point. Afterwards, they were randomly assigned to the control and experimental group. The social skills programs were performed in 10 sessions (i.e., each group session took 90 minutes). In addition to the interpersonal aggressive questionnaire, the study instruments included Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Inventory, Emotional Control Scale, and the second version of Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II. To analyze the data, MANCOVA analysis was conducted.
Results The results indicated that teaching the social skills to high school students increases empathy skills, effective communication and conflict resolution.
Conclusion Teaching the social skills have significant and positive effect on decreasing students’ tendency toward verbal and practical aggressive behaviors

Objectives Pervasive disorders are a group of neuropsychiatric disorders that accompany social, communicative, and cognitive development of the individual with certain delays. When a family member is diagnosed with a chronic disease, the whole family function may be affected. This study aimed to investigate modeling of family adaptability and cohesion in the family of autistic children based on family resources, coping strategies and perceived stress.
Methods This was a correlational research based on structural equation modeling, specifically the regression equations. The statistical population were all 450 families with autistic children in Tehran City, Iran. Of them, 360 samples were selected by Klein (2010). The study data were collected using Perceived Stress questionnaire, Family Resource scale, Billings and Mouse Coping Strategies questionnaire, and Adequacy and Family Correlation scale.
Results Among family resources, coping styles and parental perceived stress with the adaptability and coherence of the affected children's family . There is a significant relationship between autism and the overall research model. In addition, about 0.35 of adaptation and 0.35 of family cohesion by these variables in direct and indirect directions can be explained
Conclusion The research model was confirmed and the family resources, coping styles and perceived stress of parents had a direct effect on the adaptability and family cohesion of children with autism. The paths of family resources, coping styles stress and mediation of parents' perceived stress showed an indirect effect on the adaptability and family cohesion of children with autism. The results of this study emphasize the developmental strengths and weaknesses of families with autistic children. Promoting family-oriented therapeutic interventions enhances family strengths, improves family weaknesses, and increases parental involvement in the treatment course