نشریه مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری
پیاپی 5 (بهار 1393)

Location assessment of educational land use have crucial role in the success and efficiency of these centers to achieve sustainable development and social welfare. In this regard, this study evaluated located educational spaces of Oshnaviyeh city by Geography information system (GIS). The aim of the present study is evaluate schools using matrix compatibility, utility and capacity. Method is descriptive - analytical and statistical society is all elementary, middle and high schools in the Oshnaviyeh city. Our findings show that educational centers are in good condition to thecompatibility matrix that only 14 percent of elementary schools are in the totally inappropriate location state. By assessment utilitymatrix according to slope and river indicators, all schools located in aposition suitable except for the two elementary school. According to the radius access, all levels, especially elementary schools did not cover the entire city except of highschools. According of assessment capacity Matrix schools are far from national standards, especially in terms of the density of students in class, in all school students in the classroom is more than the standard capacity, and there is no proportion between population centers and schools in urbanneighborhoods.

Imbalances within an urban network of some geographical regions of the country, is one of the issues and challenges of today's regional planning. In this regard, the analysis of city status within the regional urban networks for understanding the changes and for providing balancing programs, are essential. The main purpose of this paper is a studying and analysis of the Ilam province urban network with emphasis on the population and the civil services concentrated in cities. This study location is Ilam province and its period is 1996-2011 times zone. In this article to analysis urban network, the following models have been used: Rank-Size Model, logarithmic population analysis, Coefficient of Variation, Weighted Centrality Index, Entropy Model. The most significant findings of this study can be summarized to these cases pointed out: 1) Ilam urban network is unbalanced, too. 2) Approximately all of the small new cities are within the lowdown level of the urban network by means of those service functions. 3) Ilam urban network is moving towards balance within the period 2006-2011. Finally, based on the findings of this research, some recommendations are proposed.

The main problems caused by inappropriate spatial structure that today’s urban planning is faced with it, are uncontrolled growth and development of our unplanned city. The purpose of this research is the study of types of urban forms and explanation of physical andspatial pattern of Saqqez. Urban form of Saqqez was analyzed and city’s expansion pattern was determined. The study method of descriptive-analytical.and for evaluation the city's form andAnalyzing how this city expanded, used the methods and quantitative models of Shannon and Holdernentropy, Gini andMoran's coefficient. And to recognition, physical growth pattern of the cityIs used spatial autocorrelation method in Arc GIS .The results of studies and research methodsShows that physical development process of Saqqez, since 1335,that indicades in harmoniuosPhysical development and regardless of urban and environmental criteria that during period of 1335 to1365 urban development pattern and with following communicative network in radial formAnd in later years, urban development due to the natural barriers, gradually on the west side of the Town, is turned to compact form from radial form. Using models and data analysis implies thatthe city's rapid growth has begun in1365 decade. From this period since 1390 city's developmenthas been scattered, and horizontal and out of range of approval plans. According to research results, Compact growth pattern is recommended as city's future development pattern.

Assessment and analysis of urban system is an indicator of policies and distribution of population in territorial scale. By study of such character there will be a determination of balance in population distribution. Each of the math models has a different importance that ignoring this subject in studies can make a sever problem. Using one method in considering the topic can not be efficient, so using more models is suggested for obtaining good and decisive results. This resreach aims to study the urban systems of the country in nine different regions.The methodology of the research is based on descriptive –analytical At first by applying zipf rank – size and Entropy the urban systems nine parts of country were considered and in next step expert views were used to show the level of importance of each models. The results of this research pointed that first region is the most balnced area of Iran and the fifth region had the lowest level of equilibrium.

The environmental setting as context of behavioral pattern is the interaction of environment and people within variety of time settings. People are not isolated from their surroundings and at the moment associate with it. Accordingly, at every moment, they are influenced by the environment and affect it. Meanwhile the features of the environment have a great impact behavior pattern. This paper tries to identify the environmental quality norms affecting the desired or undesired settings through explaining the concept of behavioral settings and focusing on quantity, diversity and organization of behavioral setting in local green and open spaces. The research method of this paper is based on direct observation of behavioral settings by means of taking picture in various intervals. Results from the case studies shows that visual and physical permeability norms, variation of activities, safety and welfare of the environment play a significant role in shaping of behavioral settings in local parks. If these environmental qualities are considered in park design process, the probability of increase in number and type of behavioral setting variables will improve. This will lead to positive outcomes such as increased social interaction. But, if undesired behavioral settings are formed, negative consequences such as crime, unsafety will happen.

Zone 7 is located in the central area of Tehran, with population 310,184 and 1,536,800 m2 area; green space per capita 3.85 assigned to the District in Tehran’s master plan. Therefore, that is clearly different with Tehran (9.13 m square) per person and per capita acceptable to the metropolitans in Iran (18 m). This study is based on analytical - descriptive methods, with emphasis on its applied aspect while tried to To compensate per capita green lands must be evaluated the value of land for green space, by using parameters like access to residential centers, schools, cultural, commercial, health and civil facilities, abundant lands and physical factors such as climate, geology, water resources, topography. Then, locational data were transferred to GIS to making new informational files. After that, in order to making pattern of each index based on their values in locating green space, the Expert Choice software was weighted. The results of combining information layers had been categorized region’s land to select and develop green spaces. Then, these lands had been compared and evaluated with the land use resulted map. Finally, it had been determined the lands with three zones: adequate space, unsuitable and medium categories. So, based on results, we supposed the most desirable land for the estabilishment of new green space.

Having a good quality of life is the right of all citizens.Since the level of comfort and well-being of a person can be achieved with the highest quality of life. Thus the quality of life is very important for managers and urban planners. This research aims to do a comparative study of the quality of life from the perspective of the citizens in Mashhad (the case study is Hashemiye neighborhood-District 9 and Saadabad neighborhood-District 1). The research method is applied descriptive – survey one. In order to test the hypothesis comparison of the mean is used and Levine test is used to determine equality or non-equality of the two population variances. Scope of the study includeall families living in the Saadabad and Hashemiye neighborhoods by using Cochran sampling, sample size for each neighborhood designated.A total of 327 questionnaires were distributed. To Analysis the data SPSS software is used. Results show that there was no significant difference in the quality of life in two communities. Because none of the two neighborhoods studied are fully developed or undeveloped. But based on observations and research findings both of the neighborhoods are separated in three ranges inclusive, mid-inclusive and less inclusive, thus all the assumptions which were conducted that there is a significant difference between the two communities in terms of economic, social and physical indicators of the quality of life were rejected. You cannot meet a neighborhood developed only for the residential growth, but all the components of quality of life will determine the development level of a region and neighborhood.