نشریه مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری
پیاپی 8 (زمستان 1393)

Density is one of the most imprtant factors to know the form of a city whose analysis would be a useful way to organize the system of population distribution and activity of the city. Analysis of urban space density is an attempt to organize the physical pattern of the city aimed at planning for the space organization of the city. Defining and presenting different indices of density and space analysis, this study tries to survey and analyze this concept more thoroughly to present a more complete image of Amol’s form. This is a practical study with quantitative analysis. To calculate the density distribution, the density analysis method and quantitative models such as Williamson, Relative Anthropic and Shannon were used. To analyze the space pattern of distribution the space autocorrelation technique was used and hot spot and cold spot maps were prepared by G statistics. The results show the centralization of new buildings and differences between various regions of Amol. Based on Anthropic and Williamson models, F.A.R indices, net and gross residential density during the decade under study had unequal distribution and density indices of household in housing and family in housing had equal density. In the beginning of the period, the highest level of density was related to the F.A.R, which shows the high level of area in housings. But at the end of the period, the general residential density experienced the highest level of density, which represents the construction boom in Amol.

Social and economic inequalities in the world today affecting the differences of geographical, spatial patterns of crowds to create special activities that affect the development of data. The spatial distribution of population and activities in the field of formed networks of settlement, which are listed due to the differences in the resources available to it, the game development a key role. In this context, the main objective of this article is to investigate the role of urban network on regional development in different environments, coastal and mountainous. In this paper, according to the study (cross-sectional) of two groups of; research techniques (regression analysis, graphical techniques, and indicates math) and specialized techniques (index primary city, rank-size model, the rank-size adjustment model, the model of breaking-point and the model of urbanization and employment) is used. The results of this study found that the: The primary city in Mazandaran province have no affiliation or relationship with the degree of urbanization of the province , Urban network province dominant continuous linear pattern with scattered nuclei , The urbanization of the Province County and the percentage of workers in this counties are completely in contact with each other, But urbanization in Mazandaran province in the three economic sectors of industry , services and agricultural to service sector closer and it has a great impact on the province's urbanization and vice versa.

City, has long been considered as one of the achievements of human civilization, but the beginning of the nineteenth century due to urban issues took a new form. Because of the complexity of urban growth and the technology industry added and in this way, growth and physical development of cities wasn't influenced of natural factor and even human factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern recognition and spatial structure of Isfahan and assess the impact on air pollution in the city. This research objective and based on the nature and descriptive - analytical. In this study, the model entropy, Moran and Holdern to determine the spatial structure of the Isfahan and after determining the spatial structure, using absorbent travel to check the current status of air pollution modeling has been studied in Isfahan. The results of this study showed that the spatial structure of the city is currently without center (dissPress). Open distributed without the center, causing to increased pollution in the city, However, air pollution is a serious problem in this town, but by Strengthening the downtown core, reduced the amount of air pollution. In other hand, was determined with the spatial structure of the scenario; taxis and private cars have largest sector from the air pollution of the city. By checking the density of pollutants it was determined the carbon monoxide is highest percent than other pollutants.

Setting direction of streets in order to solve traffic problems is a solution against widening and construction of new Streets that is placed more attention as the one of tools for traffic management. In this context in this research with descriptive-analytical methods and the aim of solving urban traffic problems by setting direction of streets, "The central core of Damghan city" has been studied as a case study and as far as possible it will try to use of management tools and reduce the widening and construction of new streets. The research data has been collected through library surveys and field studies. It has been analyzed after the recognition of current status of study area. Finally, the proposed solution as setting direction of streets is modeled using software Aimsun and compared with current status. The results of the comparison of the current situation and the proposed scope of the study, showed that. In accordance with the output parameters of the software Aimsun, in total the solution setting direction of streets shows better performance. However, in the master plan of the city, the solution development and widening of streets is proposed for this area that it faced with many limitations in terms of socioeconomic.

Spatial distribution of population in the world, especially in developing countries, an imbalance in the network deployment and utilization of land resources shows This imbalance has intensified in recent decades And different countries, each according to its own solutions for the balance of the urban network and follow the lines chosen for their future development In Iran, like many other developing countries, the urban network in recent decades followed the pace of socioeconomic change more or less variable changed And various forms has to offer. The purpose of this study was to examine the structure of the urban network tries years 1375-1390. The research method employed Is analytical Data from the state and library resources and census data for statistical analysis of the first indicators of urban decentralization and urban hierarchy model is used The results show that the city of the province has been a relatively balanced distribution However, if such a balance will continue to suffer from major cities to small towns are small-scale and provide adequate space for current and future generations So that the first city from 1375 to 1390 has been gradually increasing score But despite the increase in the first town in the province, as the first city to city within the city of Khorramabad II (Borjerd) was and still more the first city in the province is the city.

Ecotourism is one of the most important economic activity in today's world it is. Because a significant portion of the population trends of international tourists to ecotourism and promoting environmental appreciation And enhance the conservation of natural resources globally, Ecotourism is growing in value every day. Second home in rural areas is one of the segments of tourism industry which can play an important role in the diversity of national and local economy by principle planning and identifying its threats and advantages. The rural collection of Chelove in Amol Township is an untouched area of the province which now the mushroom growth of second homes created intensive changes in the recent decade. This study aims to investigate the economic and environmental impact of second home in rural area of Chelove. The methodology of the research is based on the descriptive-analytical methods. The data were processed via SPSS and also different statistical models were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that growth of second homes however had positive economic impact in the area but created different negative environmental effects such as destruction of natural landscapes, and intensive land use changes of orchards.

Tourism has provided opportunity to enable utilization on every destination. If evaluation of environmental power be done properly result in plan improvement and prevention of unsuccessful tourism development. Natural conditions and social _ cultural structure of Taleghan is created various forms of civic and peasant atmosphere, in which on behalf of natural and human output are differential from another regions. On this basis, analysis of climatic conditions is very important to determine tourism comfort calendar (the best time) and to compile strategies of tourism development using by civic potentials. To obtain above goals, was done survey from civic affairs experts and was listed external _ internal elements with separated sub indicators (natural, environmental, social - cultural, economical, infrastructural, tourism) by SWOT model, and was presented conservative said strategy elements by prioritizing.In order to evaluating of comfort climate conditions was used bioclimatic indicator Tci and climatic data of karaj cinoptic station in period of 20 years.The result suggest that every month except JAN have proper conditions for special tourism.