نشریه مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری
پیاپی 13 (بهار 1396)

The study of mutual relationship of physical environment of cities with social behaviors from it negative and abnormal type is a subject that has added to geographical studies during the last decade and it has provided scientific and practical frame work for spatial-lovative Analysis of crime and abnormally studies in geographical space. The aim of present research is investigation of the type and the extent of land use and formation of crime connected with drug. The method of the study is analytical and descriptive. To recognize and understand the spatial patterns of crime in the city, it is used statistical test of average oval, index nearest neighbor in the standard deviation, kernel density estimation, geographical information system (GIS).The current statistical population under the study is formed from crime and maintenance of drug abuse during Mehr 1391-1392 has formed .the result of research show that the over snandaj judicial file Th most important drug focus Sanandaj city are located in Abbas Abad, farajeh, Kani Kozaleh, Shohada and Shohada street which are crowded part of the Sanandaj city and they are the informal settlements according to the physical structure. The type and land use combination show that the majority of the crimes are accrured at Emam street, Sirous street, Ferdousi street and Shohad at residential and commercial range like. Therefore; Organization of depict and unprotected Place framework In Sanandaj consider as a necessity for contrast with social abnormal

The performance reducion of commertial spaces, the linear decrease of retail centers, and lack of proper attention for parking spaces has always been the main issue distribution of commercial uses in urban areas. The aim of this study is to identify vulnerable commercial complexes in the coastal city of Ramsar to propose appropriate locations for further functioning. The methodology of research is based descriptive-analytical approaches. To analysis and selecting the proper sits ARC/GIS10 was applied. By using 11 layers of information and criteria such as land use, land slope, associated network access, proximity to densely populated areas …. the maps were classified via analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The results indicate that the distribution of commercial complexes has no correspondence with population distribution. Consequently some parts of the city are out of commercial centers reach. On the base of the results, center and western areas of the city require commercial complexes, which should be done using GIS technique to avoid improper site selection.

Natural disasters are amongst main parts of our life and they have been regarded and will be regarded as a permanent thereat to development, in other words human daily life cannot be assumed without natural disasters. It should be taken into consideration that it is impossible to preclude these disasters but to prepare for a good reaction for these disasters can be a good solution to decrease post damages casualties to the cities. Herein, Crisis Management Supportive Bases in terms of prevention, preparation and dealing with the crisis play a key role especially in Tehran and in time of natural disasters. There is no doubt that high level and efficient function of these bases has a striking correlation with the way they are located in both urban and regional level in a way that in addition to providing security of the bases especially versus disasters, they could be, based on the service area, able to provide the areas of crisis with good services. This paper tries to use multi criteria analysis techniques (MCDM) and spatial analysis (GIS) method in order to assess the effectiveness of these supportive bases. Based on assuagements crisis management supportive bases have spontaneously distributed in 18 district and have located in inappropriate places. Their location was chosen without looking after for their own specific needs.

Considering the even distribution of population is one of the criteria for urban sustainable development. Therefore the distribution of urban services should be in such a way that establishes social and spatial equity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of Spatial Autocorrelation in analyzing spatial distribution of urban public services. The scope of the study is Saghez town of Kurdestan province. Obtaining this purpose, while introducing and evaluating the efficiency of Spatial Autocorrelation Model, Moran Index, and general index of G with the help of geographic information system (Arc GIS) and Geodata software by which analyzing urban services distribution be provided in unified, the researcher surveys the spatial analysis and distribution and access to ten kinds of public services which has been distributed in Saghez areas. Analyzing integrated access of Saghez services indicates Moran coefficient (16%), showing that the growth model in Saghez is close to the distributed model. But according to the general index of G, services users show a low clustering. Accordingly bivariate Moran coefficient is -%26(Moran I= -%26). Bivariate Moran model indicates no meaningful relationship between population density and users distribution.

Urban physical development as a dynamic and continuous process is affected by different factors and forces. One of these factors is the performance of higher education institutions. Higher education institutions are usually deployed in cities at first and then form their affiliated service and centers. This process effects on urban form and one of the most important results is the urban physical development. At the time of this study, there were 35 institutions of higher education in Zahedan and the large number of students has caused the university is known as a premier educational pole of the province and even the region. This paper is a descriptive-analytic research and the effects of the existence and expansion of higher education institutions has review using documentary and survey studies. For this purpose, an expert -based questionnaire has been used. Hence because of limited statistical population, the whole community has been examined. This means that questionnaires have been distributed among 40 employees and experts of executive agencies related to urban planning, especially urban physical development. In addition to citing the documentary and library methods for testing the hypotheses and data analysis, this research has used estimation of mean statistical analysis and SPSS, ARC MAP and EXCEL software and finally the rank of each higher education institution of Zahedan has been assessed using WASPAS model. The results show that the university of Sistan and Baluchestan is the most effective University and hence rated first and Azad University and university of Medical Sciences, are in next rank.

Automobile dependency in cities with many cars leads to create urban environments that not only promotes and encourages dependency on the car but it makes culture of automobile dependency, So that in practice without access to automobile, access to services is not possible or very difficult. On contrary, making pedestrian ways is the most powerful and influential design movement for neighborhoods, it also brings reducing the harmful consequences of automobile dependency, increasing the safety of pedestrians and improving the urban environment. Methodology of this study was descriptive and analytical based on Frank indexes of the walkability, Shannon’s entropy factor; scale removal in fuzzy logic was used to generalize the walkability on the surface areas of 25 districts of the city of Amol by using of GIS software and by using of SPSS software to analyze the correlation. There is the relationship between physical activity of people and the city environment in which they live, The Walkability index can be useful is in the stage of urban planning. High value of Walkability index means that a particular arrangement of the city supports physical activity of people the low value of Walkability index means that people very often used cars in the everyday life which results into minimum physical activity. The results show that various environmental factors effect walkability noticeably , the greater the amount of compression and mixing urban the walking ability increases, Amol and central regions have the highest levels of walking ability this will increases activity of walking and car-free activities.

Land use type is one of the main and influential variables on the performance of corridors and travel pattern of citizens in an urban structure. So the quality of using land and the pattern of spatial distribution affect the travel patterns of citizens. Hence the aim of the present study is to evaluate and assess the impact of existing land uses on the structural and functional corridors on the travel patterns of citizens in a zone 1 of Hamadan city to achieve an integrated transport system. The methodology of the research is based on descriptive-analytical approaches. The number of samples with respect to the uncertainty and seasonal changes of population (Shariati, mirzadeh Eshghi, saeidieh) obtained 225, 265 and 290. The data was analyzed using SPSS which included variance analysis, multiple regression analysis of one-way T and HMR. The results show that the land uses play important role in the performance travel pattern of citizens. The most influential use was mixed pattern as it directed the most of the travel towards the public transport with Beta =. 976. Finally, with regard to the results, the integrated transport system was proposed in the framework of ABC.