فصلنامه طب و تزکیه
سال بیست و هفتم شماره 3 (پیاپی 109، پاییز 1397)

Accountable medical education should educate people who, in addition to being able to work in the profession, have the ability to respond to the challenges and problems arising from the changing needs of the community and health care, and can have positive effects on the community they serve. Faculty members play the most important role in institutionalizing accountable medical education. This article attempts to investigate the role of faculty members in accountable medical education.
Methods and Materials: This study is an analytical review and was conducted using the methodology of critical review in three stages: (A) Initial or title screening, (B) Secondary screening based on the study of the abstract and introduction of the articles (C) Tertiary screening: a brief study, prioritization based on conceptual richness and complete study of the articles. Out of 98 articles, 35 papers were reviewed. In order to develop their social responsibility, faculty members have a duty to contribute to the economic and social development of their community and play a role in creating value, entrepreneurship and innovation. For the implementation of accountable education, faculty members must deliver graduates to the community, which, in addition to enough knowledge are capable and have competencies such as problem-solving, critical thinking, the use of technology and information resources, communicating, comprehensive and community-based approach to health, evidence-based medicine, lifelong learning, clinical reasoning and professionalism. This requires changing the approaches and strategies of education, research, providing services and passing traditional roles. In the light of the changing approaches and the acceptance of new roles, faculty members can play an effective role in institutionalizing accountable medical education.

The place of higher education in the process of development of countries has been very high and it is highly appreciated by nations and governments. Between different higher education courses, Postgraduate education is responsible for training a human resource specialist in the field of education, research and services. There has been a growing trend in the quantitative growth of postgraduate education in Iran and now its qualitative aspect is of interest to policy-makers and decision makers of higher education. The purpose of this study is to investigate the status of processes and outcomes of educational departments with postgraduate courses at Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Methods and Materials: The study employed a descriptive design and was conducted by checklist. The statistical population of the study was the basic science education departments with postgraduate education (Master of Science and PhD degrees) in Kerman University of Medical Sciences. The data have been analyzed using central dispersion measures. Score obtained from educational dashboard for a number of educational departments shows taking into account the maximum score of 72 dashboards, 39.1% groups have got more than 50% dashboard score. The highest score is belonging to Biostatistics and Epidemiology (63.88%), Parasitology (62.5%) and Neuroscience (62.5%) departments respectively. The dashboard is one of the new management tools. It makes it possible to analyze key performance indicators, and allows decision making to achieve the goals. It provides the correct image of the system, Identify weaknesses and strengths, diagnosis of the path of the strategies, achieving an overview of function of subgroups performance. It will increase the ability to make informed decisions and increase the power of monitoring performance.

The provision of evidences on the unit cost of student training is one of the main goals and axes of the packages for reforming and innovation in medical education in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The purpose of this study was to calculate the unit cost of student training in Gonabad University of Medical Sciences. the present study was a cross-sectional study. The data of the current cost and depreciation of resources in four faculties of medicine, nursing and midwifery, paramedical and health sciences of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences in 2017 were included. In the present study for cost identification, the provider’s perspective was the step-down costing method were used to analyze the data. The calculations were done in Excel software. the total cost of student education services was 173.128 million Rials. The human resources cost as the largest expense category was 87.5% of the total cost. The unit cost of student’s education was 245,535,348 Rials for medicine school. The unit cost of student’s education in Master of Science in nursing, environmental health, and health education was 194,155,419, 164,065,003, and 138,823,439, respectively. Among the undergraduates, the highest unit cost of student training was determined for laboratory sciences, 99,682,539.The unit cost of general medicine and Master of Science was more than the tuition fees approved by the ministry of health in Iran. the study findings revealed the amount of unit cost for student training in medical higher education. There is a gap between the real cost of education (Costs incurred) and tuition fees approved by the ministry of health in Iran.

The entrepreneurship grows up significantly in the last decade, showing new ways to emergent economies. With that development has become the necessity of entrepreneur education. The society look for one guidance to build new opportunities of business or some help to innovate in some way.
Analysis Inthis paper which is organized by analytic and descriptive approach, in order to understand the concepts of the Third Generation University, entrepreneurship, the knowledge-based economy, literature of the subject, has been reviewed by documentary study. To illustrate the impact of the university on the economy and the essential structures toward the third-generation universities, existing records have been reviewed through search on authoritative online sites and the study of the latest articles and related documents. The third-mission of universities depends on its national and institutional context. If university wish to promote the entrepreneurial ideal, then identification of institutional barriers is a necessity. They require the existence of a mass of entrepreneurial models as a pattern to performance. It is important to understand the expectations of industry, government and university and their role. There is no unique and best way to contribute to economic development, rather optimal approaches are contextually dependent. A refined version of the triple-helix model of university– industry–government could improve the performance of universities in economies.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the rate of application of effective teaching components by faculty members of the University of Medical Sciences. The present study was conducted in the first semester of the academic year of 2007-2013 through a descriptive cross-sectional method. The statistical population of the study included all students of nursing and midwifery faculty of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, among whom 291 were selected as the statistical sample. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire, and the statistical analysis of the data was done using SPSS 20 software in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that faculty members in terms of application of each of the six effective teaching components obtained a total average and standard deviation of 82.83 ± 13.02 from a total of 120 grades. According to the standard table of desirability, the effective teaching function of the faculty members was generally quite satisfactory, and by component differentiation, in the components of teaching design, teaching, classroom management, and evaluation at a rather favorable level and in components Human relationships and desirable personality characteristics have been at the optimum level. Overall, the results of the present study indicate that the overall performance of faculty members is ineffective, which indicates that there are weaknesses and serious problems in the effective teaching performance of the professors. Accordingly, it is essential to consider the issue of faculty faculty empowerment.

Unfortunately, in our country, in the optimistic state of universities in the second generation, there are research-based universities and they have little activity in becoming the third generation of universities, that is, universities of entrepreneurship. At the current time, considering that the economic, cultural, social and political conditions have changed, there is a system in universities that needs to educate and promote the creativity and spirit of entrepreneurship and innovation to talented students as well as faculty members. . This study was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, using the review of scientific literature, the characteristics of the entrepreneurial university were identified and then a valid checklist was prepared and in the second stage of the checklist in Kerman University of Medical Sciences, the data were analyzed and analyzed by descriptive statistics.
Findings: According to this research, the information obtained in the areas of administrative bureaucracy, the status of graduates, the level of people's ability, the status of education and research in the field of study, as well as the relationship with industry and knowledge-based companies should be more effort. The findings show that the Kerman University of Medical Sciences, considering the content of the checklist designed, has focused on entrepreneurship and has begun moving to a third-generation university, although these are not enough, but the sign Start this process.