Journal of Disease and Diagnosis
Volume:6 Issue: 2, Dec 2017

The study aimed at investigating the relationship between personality traits, coping strategies and pain catastrophizing in patients with chronic pain. The study adopted a descriptive-correlational approach as its methodology. The population of the study consisted of patients with chronic pain who referred to a pain clinic centerof Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences among whom 100 personswere randomly selected. The data gathering tools included NEO Personality Inventory with 60 questions, Rosenstiel and Keefe’s 42-item questionnaire on coping strategies as well as a Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) with 13 questions developed by Sullivan, Bishop and Pivik the reliabilitiesof which wereestimated through Cronbach's alpha which were equal to 0/79,0/86 and 0/66, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used for data analysis.The results showed that there was a relationship between features such as extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness and pain catastrophizing in patients with chronic pain. There were also some relations between cognitive and behavioral coping strategies and pain catastrophizingin such patients (patients with chronic pain). The share of each of these components of personality traits and coping strategies on predicting the pain catastrophizing in patients with chronic pain was different. And the variable of extraversion (98%) and behavioral strategies (39%) were the highest in predicting the pain catastrophizing in patients with chronic pain.

Background and purpose of study: Today, the important role of research in the development of societies is known to all. In fact, research stimulates societies to grow. Universities of the birthplace of novelties. Therefore, developing countries attempt to pay heed to the role of universities in national progress.Unfortunately, insufficient attention has been paid to students’ potential in research. Academic realm is more education-based than research-based. However, due to the significance of research at university level, the present research aims to determine Restrictions in the implementation of research from the perspective of researcher students against students non-researcher in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences in 2014. In this descriptive and Analytic research in 2014, 457 students (non-researcher) at Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences were selected through stratified sampling. 87 students (researcher) whose names were recorded in the research council of the university (due to limitations) were included through a census. Two standardized questionnaires were used to collect the data.These questionnaires were comprised of three sections: demographic, organizational and personal. Their reliability and validity have been established. The data were analyzed via Chi-squared test and Mann-Whitney U-test in SPSS (v.16). In this research, 72 participants (82.8%) in the researcher group were female and 15 (17.2%) were male. In the non-researcher group, 225 participants (60.8%) were female while 141 (38.1%) were male. The mean score of research obstacles in the organizational and personal domains as perceived by researcher students were respectively (3.02±.44) and (3.05±.61). The same scores gained by non-researcher students were (3.25±.44) and (3.26±.55). In personal domain, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p˂.05). The most frequent obstacles belonged to the intensive and demanding courses ,motivation for research, access to the net and professors’ cooperation . The results of this study indicate that the greatest weakness of students in research activities related to their own personal skills.Therefore,it's suggested that with holding training courses such as proposal writing and statistical analysis, improve students' personal skills.The ways to motivate and encourage students'orientation towards research activities could be fruitful as well.

Background and Purpose of the study: As an essential profession in the health care system, nursing is prone to work-related, physical and mental stress which can in the long run cause burnout. Therefore, the present research aimed to explore the extent of nursing burnout and the factors involved in Shahid Mohammadi Hospital of Bandar Abbas. In the present descriptive research, the population was comprised of 300 nurses affiliated with Shahid Mohammadi Hospital of Bandar Abbas. The sample size was 158 nurses with at least a bachelor's degree and at least one year of work experience (formally employed). The data collection instrument was a demographic information checklist along with Maslach’s burnout inventory. The data entered SPSS for the required statistical analyses. The significance level was set at p≤.05. 50% of the subjects were found to have a low level of emotional exhaustion; 46.20% showed a low level of depersonalization and 71.51% reported a low level of personal accomplishment. The ward the nurses were working in showed to be significantly correlated with emotional exhaustion (p=.010) and personal accomplishment (p=.024). Work experience showed to be significantly correlated with depersonalization (p=.023) and personal accomplishment (p=.01). Moreover, subjects’ weekly workload was significantly correlated with personal accomplishment (p=.038). Discussion and Conclusion: Work burnout is more prevalent in medical professions and can impose high financial and life-related costs of the personnel, patients and hospital. Therefore, the present findings can be useful in recognizing the underlying factors involved in nursing burnout.

Gallstone is among the most prevalent abdominal diseases worldwide which can have different covert reasons such as diabetes. The present research aimed to investigate the prevalence of diabetes among patients afflicted with a gallstone. The present descriptive, cross-sectional research was retrospective in nature and was conducted on 347 patients suffering from a gallstone in Shahid Mohammadi Hospital of Bandar Abbas between 2004 and 2013. The required data were collected through a checklist enquiring patients’ age, sex, type of diabetes, history of prior disease, smoking and so on derived from patients’ medical files. Independent-sample t test, Mann-Whitney u test, one-way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis analysis of variance were used to compare the mean scores in the research groups. Findings: The prevalence of disease was in the target research population was estimated as 18.2% (n=63). The majority of this population were afflicted with diabetes type II. The majority of subjects were above 50 years of age (n=167). According to t test findings, subjects’ age influenced their affliction with diabetes (p˂.001). Due to the high prevalence of diabetes among these patients, further research is suggested to investigate the correlation of diabetes and a gallstone.

Clinical education, have a major role in the development of nursing students. One of the most important factors that affect the quality of nursing students' are clinical education problems. The aim of this study was to investigate problems in clinical education of nursing students has Bandar Abbas University of Medical Sciences this is Cross-sectional study, which was done in 202 nursing students in the terms 2-8 in Hormozgan University of medical science in 2015. Data collection tools, questionnaires, clinical education problems of the first part and second part of the questions related to demographic characteristics, clinical education problems. Data using t-test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Findings: in students opinion ¸ the most important problems relate to masters ( 3/73 ± ./74 ) and the mean of criticize of master in public was ( 4/11 ± 1/07 ) and the other mean were : educational condition ( 3/62 ± 0/86 ) and the mean of lake of stuff and equipment’s (3/71 ± 1/07 ) . Nursing conditions (3/47 ± 0/78) ¸ fear of infective illness (3/91 ± 1/02). Student talent (3/39 ± 0/77) ¸ lake of knowledge (3/87 ± 0/94) environment conditions (4/11 ± 1/07) ¸ patient condition (3/30 ± 0/85) ¸ care of infective patient (3/47 ± 1/09) ¸ individual conditions (3/30 ± 0/93) ¸ disinterest to nursing (3/33 ± 1/37). Among all comments that offered by students, the criticize of master in public was the most important. And other condition were insufficient equipment’s, nursing aspects, and fear of getting infective. We can solve these problems by hire good masters, good equipment’s, and remove discrimination between nursing students and other students.

sleep problems are prevalent currently and involve deficits in quality or quantity of sleep . Todays by the rapid growth in technology and a high increase the production of industrial complexes and also inauguration round-the-clock centers such as hospitals, shiftwork has become an indispensable part of many occupational activities. This study aimed to evaluate the association between shiftwork and sleep quality. Material and methods: this cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 307 employed personnel of Hormozgan University of medical sciences hospitals who worked at unusual hours. All of the samples were randomly collected by proportional cluster sampling method .all individuals were evaluated using the demographic form and Pittsburg sleep quality questionnaire. Data analysis was done by spss 16 (descriptive statistics and spearman test) and p.value<0.05 showed the relationships . the mean scores of sleep quality in participants was 10.03 ± 6.37 , the participants included 78 male and 229 female who consist of 252 nurses and 55 doctors . the mean score of sleeping was beneficially in relation with occupation , sleeping duration , sexuality and qualified sleeping ( p.value : p<0/006 , p<0/05 , p<0/001 , p<0/002 ) voluntary selected work flow system could increase the job satisfaction and increase satisfaction can reduce the consequences of shift work.

Staphylococcus is an important pathogen for humans, which is found on skin, mucous membranes and oropharynx of healthy individuals. The bacteria can cause a range of infections from simple wounds and skin abscesses to severe infections such as pneumonia, septicemia, osteomyelitis and endocarditis. Unfortunately because of emerging drug resistance, infections caused by this organism are difficult to treat and may be a leading cause of mortality. This study was aimed to assess the pattern and trend of resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in a referral hospital Shahid mohammadi hospital at Bandar abbas, South of Iran. A prospective cross-sectional study was designed from 2009-2014 on 406 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients admitted to a referral hospital in south of Iran. The samples were collected from urine, wounds, ear discharge, burn wound, throat, tracheal secretions, abscess and joint fluid. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern was tested by disc diffusion. The results were analyzed with SPSS 21, using descriptive statistics. Of the collected isolates, 63% were from Men and 37% were from Women. Mean age of the patients was 35 Years. Highest resistance rate was observed for Amoxicillin (88.6%) and lowest resistance was identified for Ciprofloxacin (19.9%). Emerging of multidrug resistance is alarming among Staphylococcus aureus in south of Iran. The abundance of antibiotic prescription and antibiotic sensitivity pattern should be considered because The antibiotic sensitivity varies in different times and different regions. Necessary measures should be taken. appropriate patient treatment and planning should be designed to control and reduce the resistant species, morbidity and mortality associated with MRSA infections.

Background and Purpose of Study: All throughout history, worship and prayers have been the basis of influential religions in human life. Today, due to technological advancements in human communities, lack of morality is felt more than ever before. Therefore, enhancing the spirits for prayers seems to be undeniably essential.The females in addition to the role of social,have a key role in religious studies of their children . The present research aimed to determine the effect of workshop training and instructional packages on students’ attitude and practical adherence to prayers in female students of Bandar Abbas universities in 2015. This research was conducted in a pre- and post-test on university students of Hormozgan province in 2015. The estimated sample size was 300. However, overall 100 subjects participated in this study. The data gathering instrument was a standardized questionnaire on attitude and adherence to prayers. This questionnaire was submitted to students in two phases, once before and once again after the intervention. The criteria of the inclusion was the absolute satisfaction of students in completing questionnaires before and after the workshops and participating in all workshops held during the study.The first intervention was to distribute cultural packages among the subjects. Workshops were held weekly in two sessions, totally 24 sessions, during three months. Descriptive and analytic statistics were used to analyze the data (paired-sample t-test, Pearson byproduct correlation coefficient) in SPSS, v-21. Findings: According to the results obtained from 100 participants, the mean score of adherence to prayers in the pre-test of medical university students was 55.15±19.29; it was 51.65±19.73 in Azad university, and 49.85±21.11 among other universities (Elmi-Karbordi, Farhangian, PNU, Fatemieh, etc.). The same score in the post-test was reported as 91.96±20.65, 16±22.77 and 85.16±20.90 in the afore-mentioned universities, respectively. The attitude and adherence to prayers before the introduction of instructional packages to students was 48% (poor) and 52% (moderate) which changed to 2% (poor) and 74% (moderate) and 24% (good) after the intervention. The results were indicative of the positive influence of instruction and instructional packages on university students’ attitude towards prayers (p˂.001). Holding workshops and distributing packages among university students managed to affect their attitude towards prayers. Therefore, it is suggested to continuously hold workshops and benefit from experienced professors in this realm so as to promote students’ adherence to prayers from good to very high.