مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم
سال دوازدهم شماره 11 (پیاپی 82، بهمن 1397)

Studies have shown that sex steroids affect cancer cells at cellular and molecular level. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cytotoxic dose of testosterone on the expression of Bax, Bcl2, and CD82/KAI1 genes in adenocarcinoma colorectal (HT29) and brain glioblastoma cells (A172). In this laboratory-experimental study, HT29 and A172 cells, were divided into control group and groups exposed to cytotoxic dose of testosterone (1 and 0.1 mg/ml for HT29 and A172, respectively). Real time PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of Bax, Bcl2, and CD82/KAI1 genes. The data were statistically analyzed between groups using one way ANOVA statistical test. The expression levels of BCL-2 and Bax genes significantly increased and decreased in HT29 cells exposed to cytotoxic dose of testosterone, respectively (p<0.001), but, expression level of CD82/KAI1 gene did not significantly change. The expression levels of Bax and CD82/KAI1 genes significantly increased (p<0.01) and decreased (p<0.001) in A172 cells received cytotoxic dose of testosterone, respectively; however, BCL-2 gene expression level did not significantly change. Based on the results of this study, the cytotoxic concentration of testosterone in colorectal adenocarcinoma and brain glioblastoma cells induces Bax gene-related apoptosis. Also, it had no antimetastatic effect in adenocarcinoma colorectal cells. Whereas, in the brain glioblastoma cells, it decreases the expression level of CD82/KAI1 anti-metastatic gene, which may also increase the metastatic potential.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive age women. In the present study, the effect of weight loss diet and vitamin D supplementation was investigated on total testosterone, anthropometric indices, and body composition in patients PCOS. In this controlled clinical trial, 60 PCOS women with vitamin D deficiency, were randomly received vitamin D3 supplementation orally at the dose of 50000IU/week along with weight-loss intervention or one placebo/week along with weight-loss diet for 12 weeks. At the beginning and the end of the study, indices, such as anthropometric, body composition, serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and total testosterone, were measured using parametric and non-parametric tests. After a 12-week intervention, the median of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 significantly increased from 18.5 to 42.69ng/ml in vitamin D group compared to the placebo group (p<0.001). Moreover, the mean of weight, body mass index (BMI), Waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to hip ratio, and fat mass significantly decreased in both groups, but was not different between the two groups. The mean of total testosterone decreased from 0.7 to 0.5ng/ml in vitamin D group, which was not statistically significant. According to the results of this study, vitamin D supplementation in combination with low-calorie diet had no effect on total testosterone.

Artemisia species have long been used to relieve neurological and visceral pains. A. persica Boiss is one of the species in the genus Artemisia, which has antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic effects of A. persica Boiss essential oil in male mice. In this experimental study, the analgesic effect of A. persica Boiss essential oil was investigated on male mice using formalin and tail immersion tests. In each test, male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups of eight, including negative control (received normal saline, intraperitoneal injection), positive control (received morphine 10mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection), and intervention groups (50, 75, and 100mg/kg of A. persica Boiss essential oil, intraperitoneal injection). Data were analyzed using One way ANOVA and Duncan test. Treatment of mice with A. persica essential oil at a dose of 100mg/kg significantly reduced the duration of paw licking, clopping, and lifting in the first phase of formalin test (p<0.05) and at the doses of 50, 75, and 100mg/kg significantly reduced the duration of paw licking, clopping, and lifting in the second phase of formalin test (p<0.05). In addition, the essential oil at the dose of 100mg/kg significantly increased the pain response time in the tail immersion test 0 and 6 minutes after injection (p<0.05). Observation of the analgesic effects of A. persica Boiss essential oil in mice can be helpful for future clinical use.

Chronic pain is one of the important problems in medicine. The aim of this research was to predict the level of pain response based on fear of movement, fear of death and the role of personality traits (extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeability) in patients with chronic low back pain. This correlational descriptive analytical study was performed on 120 patients referring to the Neurology Clinic in Dezful city who were diagnosed with chronic low back pain according to diagnosis of a physician. In order to collect data, Illness Attitudes Scale (IAS), NEO Personality Inventory, fear of movement (TAMPA), and fear of death (TAMPLER) questionnaires, was used. Data analyses were carried out using statistical methods of Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression tests. In this study, there was a significant relationship between fear of movement, fear of death, and personality traits (extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeability) with response to pain (all variables were higher than 0.05). Regression equation showed that openness to experience with 37%, determined the predictive power more than other variables of response to pain. The findings of this study showed that fear of movement and fear of death are avoidance psychological factors and having unique personality traits, such as extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeability that are among the acceptance factors, are effective in response to pain and its tolerance.

Acquisition of AmpC β-lactamase enzymes is one of the important factors in the resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to β-lactam antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance, phenotypic frequency of AmpC, and detection of MOX, CIT, DHA, ACC, EBC, and FOX genes in K. pneumoniae strains isolated from medical centers in Kermanshah. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 100 suspected cases of K. pneumoniae, were collected from 2013 to 2015 from patients referring to three hospitals and one laboratory in Kermanshah city. antimicrobial susceptibility disk diffusion test and AmpC phenotypic screening test, were performed using boronic acid combination method, and after extraction of bacterial genome, AmpC genes were identified by multiplex PCR method. Resistance to third generation cephalosporins, was 70%, and resistance to aztreonam was reported 65%. The highest and the lowest resistance was to ampicillin (98.5%) and carbapenems (less than 10%), respectively; 27.1% of the isolates phenotypically produced AmpC and a high percentage of isolates from the infectious ward and intensive care unit (ICU) was AmpC producer. The frequency of MOX, CIT, FOX, and DHA genes was obtained to be 11.4%, 10%, 2.8%, and 1.4%, respectively. However, EBC and ACC genes, were not found in any of the isolates. The results of this study showed that phenotypic tests alone are not sufficiently accurate in the evaluation of AmpC enzymes. Therefore, simultaneous use of genotypic methods is necessary. In this study, the high prevalence of AmpC genes, especially MOX and CIT in K. pneumoniae isolated from infectious and ICU wards in Kermanshah hospitals is indicative of importance of dissemination of this group of β-lactamase enzymes.

Backgrounds and Changes that occur during pregnancy will definitely change the marital relationships of women. One of the changes in pregnancy is change in the pattern of sleep and insomnia. It is not clear whether there is a relationship between marital satisfaction during pregnancy and insomnia. This study was performed with the aim of determining the relationship between insomnia severity and marital satisfaction in pregnant women referring to health centers in Mashhad city. This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on 126 pregnant women (with gestational age of 14-28 weeks) referred to health centers in Mashhad city in 2017. The data collection tool was a demographic questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and ENRICH marital satisfaction scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation test, and multiple regression. The mean age of the research units was 26.9±4.3 years, the gestational age was 19.0±2.9 weeks, and the number of pregnancy was 1.9±0.8. In the majority of research units, the insomnia severity was below the threshold (49.2%) and moderate marital satisfaction (57.9%). Based on Spearman's correlation coefficient, there was an inverse and significant linear relationship between insomnia severity and marital satisfaction (r=-0.52, p<0.001). Considering that the severity of insomnia in pregnant women has a significant effect on their marital satisfaction, therefore, caregivers' attention for the insomnia of pregnant women and performing care measures for its reduction, are necessary.

Bullying in hospital environment can be a threat to the health of nurses; therefore, it is necessary to look for ways to identify the frequency and type of bullying in the workplace. This study was carried out aiming at investigating the psychometric properties of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) among the employed nurses. This study was conducted as a descriptive study (standardization type) on all nurses working in Ayatollah Rohani Hospital of Babol city in 2017. A total of 181 subjects, were selected using random sampling method. Information were collected using the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) and Workplace Incivility Scale (WIS). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Based on the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, NAQ-R with 22 items had three factors of work-related bullying, person-related bullying and job dismissal-related bullying, which their Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively, was 0.91, 0.83, and 0.85, and for the total NAQ-R was 0.94. The validity assessment results showed that all subscales and total score of NAQ-R had a positive and significant correlation with workplace incivility scale. According to the findings of this research, the NAQ-R has appropriate psychometric properties and can be used as an appropriate tool to recognize the frequency and type of bullying in workplaces.

A positive childbirth experience is associated with sense of control, power, and satisfaction in mother, which affects mother’s sexual activity with her newborn, her sexual activity and her planning for future pregnancies. This study aimed to determine the childbirth experience and its related socio-demographic factors. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 165 mothers who were hospitalized in postpartum ward of AL Zahra hospital in Rasht city (2017), were selected by available sampling method. The data collection tools were socio-demographic and childbirth experience (CEQ) questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Pearson`s correlation coefficient, independent t-, one-way ANOVA, and logistic regression tests. Total mean score of mothers` childbirth experience was 58.13 10.72 (score range, 22-88). The mean standard score (1-4) in professional support domain (3.15±0.7) was higher than other domains, and the mean standardized scores of the mother participation domain (2.0 21.84) was lower than the other domains. Moreover, mode of delivery (p=0.005) and gestational age (p=0.004), were the most important factors that had significant correlation with mother’s childbirth experience. According to the results, the effective communication of health care providers, mother`s active participation during delivery, high gestational age, and normal vaginal delivery are the most important factors associated with positive childbirth experience. Therefore, avoiding unnecessary interventions, such as termination of pregnancy at a low gestational age without the maternal and fetal indications and higher maternal participation in the process of delivery seem necessary.

A wound is an injury or rupture on the surface of skin, which is caused physically, chemically, mechanically, or by heat. The patient was a one-month-old infant who admitted to the hospital with seizure. After physical examination, it was revealed that the left thigh had an extensive skin necrosis due to burn. After the debridement of the lesion, due to the extent of the area of the injury, the child needed to have skin graft according to the plastic surgery consultation. However, the patient was treated with modern dressing (with tenderwet plus, Colactive besides the combination dressing of Aquasel Ag+, foam Aquasel, and colactive collagen) and recovered after 45 days. In this report, in addition to the introduction of a case of treatment of a wound with extensive necrosis by modern dressing in a one-month-old infant, a discussion was presented on the modern dressing.