نشریه آموزش علوم دریایی
سال پنجم شماره 4 (پیاپی 15، زمستان 1397)

From the experts’ point of view, the most important component among the psychological factors affecting efficiency, cognitive and motivational-emotional abilities should be considered. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the cognitive and motivational-emotional abilities that affect the effectiveness of educational managers in a military organization. This research can be considered as a type of applied research based on the purpose. The method of this research is qualitative in nature. The statistical population of this study consists of two groups: a) experts; and b) effective educational managers of the studied military organization. The sampling method was also targeted. According to this method, the sample size was based on theoretical saturation. The interview method was used to collect information and the data were analyzed using content analysis method. The findings of this research showed that the most important cognitive and motivational-emotional abilities that affect the effectiveness of educational managers from the viewpoint of experts and effective organizational managers are the source of internal control, creative thinking, divergent thinking, creativity, system thinking, analytical thinking, critical thinking, Strategic thinking, continuous learning ability, self-efficacy, faith, problem-oriented coping strategies, positive self-concept, self-awareness, success identity, emotional stability, empathy management. The Binomial test on Delphi data also showed that all of the 18 identified components were significant at 0.01 level and were verified by experts. The findings of this study indicate the importance of one of the most important psychological factors affecting effectiveness, namely cognitive and motivational-emotional abilities, to policy makers, managers and educational leaders and lecturers and trainers. These findings are consistent with some of the previous research and are inconsistent with some. This research showed that cognitive and motivational-emotional abilities play a significant role in predicting the effectiveness of educational managers.

The present study aims to investigate the role of the organizational culture-related aspects, including cultural engineering, and, consequently, organizational culture engineering, which are of relative complexity, variety and novelty, in the education and the supporting role that managers have in raising their level. To this end, 129 employees of Imam Khomeini Naval Sciences University of Nowshahr were selected as statistical sample and provided with questionnaires. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were verified through confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.851), respectively. Data analysis was carried out through structural equation analysis (path analysis) using LISREL software. The research findings indicated that organizational culture engineering and its three levels as well as all components of organizational culture engineering have a positive and significant effect on the development of naval training. According to the findings, it is recommended that, in order to further develop marine education, the commanders and managers of the university consider urgent solutions and measures to promote the level of responsibility and to increase the employees trust level in accepting more important responsibilities.

With the emergence of the knowledge-centered era, philosophers have reached the common understanding that having a developed society and making growth and progress in different aspects depend on the efforts to develop and train superior talents. Accordingly, the present study aims to provide a desirable model for the development and training of superior academic talents based on a hybrid (qualitative-quantitative) approach and an applied developmental method. The statistical population of the research includes the superior academic talents as well as senior managers of elite centers. A sample of 22 individuals including 12 top scientific talents and 10 senior managers of elite centers in the armed forces were selected through a purposeful judgment sampling. Data collection was done using library and field methods (semi-structured interview with experts and questionnaire). For analyzing the data in the qualitative stage, the method of thematic analysis is used and in the quantitative stage, a multi-criteria decision-making approach is utilized with the method of grey numbers theory. The results of the qualitative section of the research have led to the presentation of a model for the development and training of the superior academic talents (Talent Development). Also, in the quantitative section of the research, the most important processes for the development and training of academic talents are explained and enumerated.

Today, universities, which are reflecting the advancement and development of human capital, are influenced by global events and conditions, and as institutions for removing the gap between the university and its target communities, they have become organizational universities. Therefore, this research is aimed at designing and explaining the excellence pattern of military universities, as one of a variety of organizational universities. The study is applied in terms of the purpose and has been conducted in a case/field based on an exploratory approach. The statistical population of the study is the experts in the field of education and management, which were selected through a non-probability purposive sampling. In this research, the necessary data were collected by reviewing the literature and forming the two focal groups; and the data were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative (descriptive) method analysis; and finally, with a structured interpretive modeling methodology, a model for the excellence of the military universities was presented. The results of the study have been extracted in a model consisting of 8 general criteria and 6 levels that indicate the importance of criteria such as Iranian Islamic culture, Islamic management, and vision-oriented strategic planning, as the most influential criteria in the performance of military universities, which influence other performance criteria.

One of the pillars of sustainable development in each country is the growth of knowledge-based institutions. But a very important point is the lack of appropriate indicators along with a proper definition of knowledge-based companies based on the conditions of the country. The main goal of this study is to explain creativity and innovation in the knowledge-based defense organizations. According to the nature of the topic, this research is applied and the research method is descriptive. Data collection was carried out using both field and library methods and using documents. Durghi et al’s Likert scale 12-item questionnaire was used for measuring the creativity and innovation. The reliability coefficients of this questionnaire for leadership style, organizational structure and organizational culture, were respectively obtained 0.85, 0.79 and 0.83. The reliability coefficient for each subscale was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. The statistical population of the study consisted of 140 employees of Research and Self-Sufficiency Jihad Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army. Using stratified random sampling method and Cochran sampling formula, 55 subjects were selected. Analysis of the results of quantitative analysis at the level of error of 5% (α = 0.05) showed that leadership style, organizational structure and organizational culture will promote creativity and innovation in knowledge-based defense organizations. The results of this study showed that supportive style, flexible and organic structures, organizational climate and risk taking of organization and employees in knowledge-based defense organizations is the most important factor of creativity and innovation.

The present study examines the role of mediator of organizational commitment in the relationship between career life quality and deviant behaviors in the faculty members and commanders of the Naval Academy in sailing environment. The research model was designed with consideration of literature and was investigated in the target society. The community of this research includes 135 faculty members dispatched to the maritime training mission of the university in 2011-2013. According to the availability of some 60 people, they were the sample of research in this study. Structural equation approach has been used for Smart PLS software to examine hypotheses and conceptual model. The results of the research indicate a direct and significant relationship between the career life quality in floating units with organizational commitment and a significant and inverse relationship between the career life quality with deviant behaviors in the workplace, as well as a reverse and significant relationship between organizational commitment and deviant behavior in the workplace. Finally, the mediator role of organizational commitment in the relationship between the career life quality and deviant behaviors in the work environment in floating units was confirmed.

The purpose of the present research is to identify Human Resource strategies in the country's maritime category with a world-class approach. The study is applied research in terms of purpose and a survey type in terms of descriptive method. The statistical sample of the research includes 37 managers and human resources experts of the seafarers in the ports and maritime organization, lecturers of maritime training centers and shipping companies’ experts, with the experience of working on ships, who have been selected through a nonprobability-judgmental sampling method. Indicators of the two main dimensions of the pattern of strategic reference points, that is, the necessity and monitoring of the process - output and supply of labor from the domestic or foreign labor market have been determined by the experts. Strategic reference points questionnaire was developed and distributed among the experts. Job classification was carried out based on SRP approach. The occupations in maritime category have been divided into three categories of management, operation and support, in accordance with STCW convention, each with two deck and engine-room sections. Data have been analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics methods (single sample T-test) using SPSS software. The research findings indicate that a proper strategy for management and operational job category on the deck and engine-room of the ship will be a commitment strategy and for supporting job category, on both sections, a paternalistic strategy will be useful.

In recent years, with the increase in piracy, some Iranian nationals and ships have also been attacked and damaged by pirates, and at the same time, a number of these pirates were also arrested by naval personnel and were transferred to our country for prosecution. Despite some legal challenges in the field of international and domestic law, Iran appears to have the jurisdiction to prosecute the arrested pirates. Although for some instances of this crime, the same or similar domestic laws can be found in Iran, but there is no comprehensive equivalent for this crime in Iranian law. And the criminal headings under domestic law are considered as an ordinary crime, not an international one. Therefore, regarding the inadequacy of the current criminal headings under Iran's penal codes, the criminalization of piracy in the domestic law is necessary and it imposes criminal jurisdiction over international crimes and it is an important tool in strengthening and consolidating national sovereignty and ending the impunity of the perpetrators. On the other hand, the training of naval personnel to combat the pirates in order to comply with the rules of the law of the sea is imperative. In this study, in addition to examining the domestic laws of Iran in exercising the jurisdiction over the pirates, while reviewing the performance of NEDAJA in combating the pirates, we provide the basis of awareness for the staff of NEDAJA in combating the pirates by implicitly teaching the rules of the law of the sea. The methodology of the research is explanatory-analytic and the method of data collection is library-documentary research.

Today’s, with widespread advancement in technology, the use of modern technologies in education can cause more effectiveness regarding this important issue. One of these new technologies is the fact that has become widely used in developed countries for training various sectors, including the Navy, the Air Force, and the Army. In case of its goal, this research is an applied research, and is a descriptive-survey research. The study aimed to evaluate barriers to virtual reality use for training the Navy personnel in Iran. These barriers were extracted by reviewing the theoretical and experimental foundations related to the research topic. The DEMATEL method was used for ranking the barriers. The required data were collected using pairwise comparison questionnaires, which were completed by research experts. The results showed that the infrastructure, equipment cost, expert human resource, senior management support, and the difficulty of model construction are respectively the most important barriers to use virtual reality for navy training.

Today, the organization's performance is searched in its managers' strategic plan. Strong strategies are made organizations and the weak strategies are eliminated organizations. Therefore, it is essential to identify the essential skills for developing effective strategies. Accordingly, this research was conducted with the aim of identifying the strategic skills of university managers. Research method was qualitative with phenomenological approach. Research participants were managers of state universities in Tehran and managers of university assessment and monitoring centers. The managers of the universities of Alzahra, Tehran, Shahid Beheshti, Allameh Tabatabai, Tarbiat Modares and Kharazmi were selected by intensive sampling method. The data collection tool was semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis method. Findings of the research show that strategic managers of universities are needed addition to general management skills to strategic skills including strategic thinking and intuition skills, strategic policy making, art of manager strategic capital, strategic communication and ethics. It is necessary to formulate and implement of effective of strategic plan of the university, for university managers are designed and conducted