مجله فرهنگ و ارتقای سلامت (فرهنگستان علوم پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران)
سال یکم شماره 1 (پیاپی 0، زمستان 1396)

Formation of a comprehensive and exhaustive theory of spiritual health demands convergenceand collaboration amongst several disciplines of Islamic theology and formation of an interdisciplinary collaboration. In macro-level Islamic theory, spirituality is a clearly-defined and welldocumentedconcept
formed on a solid philosophical and logical foundation based on deduction and clear reasoning whichis quite different from emotional spirituality. According to different definitions based on a wide range of criteria, spiritual health is comprised of metaphysical, mental, and social dimensions and is both humane and supernatural (multidimensional). Spiritual health is comprehensive, inclusive, and well-structured, and is considered as in line with other dimensions of humanity with both internal and external presentations. It is noteworthy, however, that its presentation and embodiment which is integral to Islamic culture, has different levels and layers, and is considered as an acquired and voluntary accomplishment attainable by free will. In this essay, besides introduction of ten criteria of the abovementioned indicators of spiritual health, an analysis of the plights of spiritualism-related perils is also discussed.

Since formation of the secularism movement in the West, several ideologies, viewpoints, and…. has been encroached on the traditional values of Islamic countries, some of them challenging the traditional Islamic values. The objective of this essay is a critical analysis of the term “spiritual health” which has been introduced to the Iranian academic and medical literature in the recent decade. The main focus of this article is an analysis of the meaning and connotations of this new terminology and its relationship with Islamic values.We shall conclude by discussing three rationales for prudence of adjoining the adjective “Islamic” to the combination “spiritual health” in Iranian academic literature. In this series of studies, an analytic-descriptive methodology is employed and the concept is discussed and critically analyzed through definitions of spirituality and spiritual health. It can be argued that the term “spirituality” in both Western and Persian literature has a secularism connotation and may be used in conjunction with the adjective: “secular”. Moreover, the combination of “spiritual health” seems rather ambiguous and is most likely to be used in a secularist context. Abstract terminology can form a breeding ground for development of certain ideologiesand a carrier for ideological beliefs and cultural values of those who ntroduce them. Therefore, using the combination “Islamic Spiritual Health” is proposed for safeguarding against misinterpretation and preservation of our cultural and literal autonomy, and resistance to passivism towards the Western secular ideology.

Spiritual Health is defined as one of the dimensions of health by the World Health Organization and perhaps the most important of them, along with the physical, social and mental dimensions. This article describes spiritual health from the perspective of one of the late professors of science and ethics Dr. Mohammad Mehdi Esfahani(2017-1945) . In non-divine schools of thought , man is a creature with a bio-psycho-social identity, which necessarily does not imply belief in God, the supernatural or life after death. However the goal of a healthy life is to provide physical, psychological, social and material needs; and all things, even their defined spirituality, are for life only in the material world; but divine schools of thought also consider for the next world as well in other words , the provision of spiritual needs and the movement towards excellence through the proper utilization of physical, psychological social well-being and the enhancement of the quality of life. In the divine schools of thought, man is a divine, responsible, purposeful creation, fashioned to perfection, who is a believer of life after death and follows the prophets of the Lord and has spiritual, physical, psychological and social identity.

Higher health care education is a detrimental level of the national higher education system which can potentially define future health status of the nation. Therefore, naturally, this educational system is expected to pursue and implement transformative strategies through delivering the most comprehensive, updated, and exhaustive concepts of health. It is expected that this approach should include all aspects of human-beings’ life and various dimensions of health and well-being. For the purpose of this study,five main dimensions spiritual health are critically analyzed and discussed by means of amalgamation of the opinions of the experts participating in the Spiritual Health Convention held in 1395,and the opinions of a number of designated of scholars working on this field are sought. In flourishing societies with favorable future prospects, spiritual health can be considered asan important aspect of life which is indispensible for ccomplishment and promotion of health in all aspects of life. Findings of the current study are analyzed and discussed in the following five sections:• Principles, definitions, theories, and viewpoints on the subject which should be included in higher health education curricula
• Analysis of the current higher health education system structure from a spiritual health perspective
• In depth analysis, prioritization, and assessment of the suitable spiritual health-related content for inclusion in the higher health education curricula.
• Introducing proposed methods for communication of theoretical concepts and real-life examples of spiritual health in higher health education.
• Proposal of templates and practical spiritual health implementations scenarios for inclusion in higher health education curricula as well as introduction of suitable methods for selection, introduction and promotion of the designated templates which will ultimately be used for development of practical and strategic guidelines and recommendations

There is a risk of spiritual illness in both healthy people and in patients. Neglecting the remembrance of God causes: unhealthy habits, high-risk behaviors and destructive excitement, threaten the spiritual health of healthy clients. The frustration of God›s mercy, which causes future fear and anxiety and sadness of lossing health in patients, hurts his spiritual well-being. To maintain and promote spiritual well-being, spiritual care should be provided for both healthy people and patients. This research was conducted with the aim of designing the method of strengthening faith and beliefs as the main care and method of maintenance and improving of spiritual well-being of patients and clients. In six qualitative research steps, global nursing care models were first analyzed. Due to their lack of attention to the existence of a spiritual soul in umans, the concept of the soul (heart) was adapted from the Quran and hadiths. The concept of Sound heart was used as the central concept in designing the spiritual care model of Sound heart in a grounded theory approach. Then, in deductive-inductive research, the list of spiritual illnesses was extracted in four dimensions of man›s relationship (with God, himself, people, and the world of creation). Religious Evidence-Based spiritual care nstructions, were designed and validated by Stitter model. With the application of the model in clinical research, the prescriptive model of spiritual care was designed based on the Walker and Evant›s method of theory synthesis. In this qualitative study, the methods of strengthening the faith, as the main spiritual care for reaching the Sound heart, were explained by the content analysis of religious evidence (Quran, Sermon of Hammam Nahj al-Balaghah, prayers from Sahifah Sajjadiyeh, hadith of Wisdom and ignorance) From the perspective of the Qur›an, spiritual well-being means having a Sound heart that is achieved in the light of faith and belief. Faith, with the color of ivine dictating thoughts, intentions and verbal and nonverbal behaviors, makes them feel safe and peaceful, and harmonizes human with the praise of the creatures. Faith and trust in God will relieve the spiritual harm caused by divine experiment, including illness, and allow people to adapt to life problems. Faith in God›s power, developing the courage to face crisesmakes the problems in the light of God›s mercy a solvable challenge. Nurses and all mployees of the health system should be able to empower individuals and families to do spiritual self- care. They should improve the physical, sychological, social and spiritual environment of their healthy clients and their patients. Health system staff should provide spiritual care at all levels of prevention. In addition to physical needs, pay attention to the distress and spiritual needs of patients and clients. In the light of comm:union: with God, use all the blessings of the world of creation to strengthen the faith of themselevs and their clients.

It is documented impulsive decision-making in difficult and high-pressure situations can impose serious threats to individuals’ health, success, and prosperity. Impulsive decisionmaking may lead to consecutive failures in everyday decision-making situations. Therefore, educating necessary tolerance and patience skills from early periods of childhood can be of great benefit. The main objective of the current study is to equip parents with the necessary insight and skills they need for teaching toleration and patience skills to their primary school childrenas practical virtues. For the purpose of this study, Islamic scripture and literature including Holy Quran and Hadith as well as quotationsfrom saints, scholars, and pioneers in heological studies are collected and a structured interview with the experts is carried outto enhance the trainee’s knowledge and skills. Our findings demonstrate that the concept of patience can be divided into different subcategories with a various practical applications. However, the most mportant component of all was found to behuman cognitive deterrence. It can also be concluded that besides controlling emotions, cognitive deterrence eads to development of better intuition power and wiser decision-making faculties. In addition to the information extracted from the literature, outcomes of several semi-structured interviewsalso indicate that acquisition of patience skills can be of several great benefits in many different aspects. Amongst the most practical real-life applications and outcomes of practicing patience are: prevention from impulsive decision-making, enhancing emotion control skills, and promoting farsightedness. In this essay, necessary skills for practicing patience in different situations arecommunicated and various applications of such skills arediscussed; and,the importance of educating this skill to children and adolescents is emphasized. Accordingly, most updated and novel scientific psychological methods parents need to be equipped withfor teaching of patience skills to their children are discussed and elaborated.

Qualitative paradigms are developed based on different social phenomena and study of such phenomena by those who have experienced it. In the field of health sciences, application of these methodology and development of related paradigms for analysis of complex and culturally-relevant phenomena can be of great importance in multi-faceted promotion of public health. The aim of the current study is to discuss different aspects of such phenomena with the primary objective of illumination and illustration, analysis, presentation, prediction, and management ofthem. This essay focuses on design and implementation of qualitative research based on critical analysis of the existing body of literature as well as the xperiences of the author in the field of health systems theorization. Evidence-based approach to healthcare has provided the necessarybasic framework for design and implementation of different studies. Most studies are esigned and carried out based on a positivism paradigm with the primary goal of illuminating facts with potential of practical application. However, as ealth and health-related subjects are culturally sensitive, intuitive, and complex, their in-depth analysis and full conception constitutes the initialstage in design and development of corrective intervention measures. Qualitative paradigm and related methodologies can provide an excellent platform for in-epth analysis and conceptualization of health-related phenomena through description and analysis of human experiences. Ultimately, when the phenomena are problem-oriented, complex, process-dependent, and related to cultural background and mores of the society,they can be employed for formulation of vidence-based interdisciplinary theories. Theories formed through such processes candepict a clear picture of health phenomena which may assist scholars and experts in field for design and development of appropriate approaches to health and health-related issues with favorable outcomes. Comprehensive and clear depiction of theorizing studies may lead to design and implementation of culturally-appropriate interventions which will not only ead to multifaceted promotion of public health, but also results in enhancement of social health of the nation. Moreover, through formation of nterdisciplinary theories and evaluation of peoples’ reactions to challenging situation in healthcare, the necessary foundation for development of demand-oriented health services will be formed.

Although self-recognition and spiritual health are different fields with different study methodology, the study ofthe interaction between self-recognition and Islamic spiritual health is considered one of the most important fields ofboth piritual and psychological health in Islam. A thorough research into the existing body of literature demonstrates that (possibly due to the reluctance of the West to study in the field of self-recognition) little is documentedin this regard. However the sparse available vidence clearly demonstrates that those who pursue self-recognition enjoy better spiritual health, acquire a wide range of spiritual accomplishments, and evelop a divine character. To our knowledge, the current study is one of the first studies designed and carried out with the main objective of illustration of the relationship between self-recognition and spiritual health. In this literature review study, a clear picture of the interactions between self-recognition and spiritual health is depicted; and, in the end, the authors conclude that spiritual health and self-recognition are closely related and complementary to each other, and, self-recognition generally leads to better spiritual health and spiritual accomplishments.

Similar to light, virtue is more prominent in the darkness. Virtuous man of god, spiritual teacher, accomplished mystical physician, template for good onduct and humane behavior, Dr. AlirezaYalda passed away and rested in peace in the City of God. Today, contemplation on the humanistic, social, cientific, ethical, spiritual, and clinical accomplishment of the Late Professor can provide an excellent and invaluable template of conduct for physicians and students, both from the current generation and the future one. This essay is a collection of his recorded and documentedaccomplishments and conducts which describes his spiritual virtues and depicts a glimpse ofthe visage of the teacher of virtues, the Late Professor AlirezaYalda. In this essay, his spiritual, scientific, social, medical, and ethical virtues are described through concise memories and and general comments of his friends, companions, students, patients and introduced to the academia. We shall keep every hope that as intended, thismanuscript would serve as apractical guideline of morality and lluminate the lives of those who wish to devote their lives to promotinghumanity and propagation of divine messages.

It can be argued that due to insufficiencies which are naturally heir to experimental sciences, all contemporary advancements in different health-related fields such as medicine, psychology, and social sciences have generally failed to address all complex and intricate needs of humanbeings in a multifaceted manner. Therefore, development of a comprehensive document encompassing all human needs in different aspects demands consideration of all health criteria, including spiritual health indicators. The current study can be considered a fundamental research which has been carried out by means of descriptive-analytical methods through review of the existing body of literature as well as religious scriptures and texts. Moreover, an interview with experts and experienced scholars in the field was carried out using Delphi method and potential indicators were extracted. The primary objective of this research is development of a comprehensive health system document from an Islamic perspective and teachings of Quran and Hadith which also includesspiritual surveilance indicators. Findings of the current study demonstrate that besides recommendations and prescriptions, divine words and religious verses alsouse deterrent strategies and indicators. It can be concluded that besides depicting the present situation of spiritual health, the indicators and criteria defined by religious and divine scriptures can propose conceptual and strategic guidelines in three dimensions of formation, preservation, and promotion of spiritual health of the society.