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Textiles and Polymers - Volume:7 Issue: 1, Winter 2019

Journal of Textiles and Polymers
Volume:7 Issue: 1, Winter 2019

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/12/12
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • Mina Emadi, Mohammad Ali Tavanaie*, Pedram Payvandy Pages 3-13
    This paper aims at the measurement of surface uniformity, thermally-bonded points, distribution of fibers orientation and local displacement in tensile testing for spun-bonded nonwoven polypropylene fabrics. For this purpose, an image processing method was used to produce clustered images based on the k-means clustering algorithm along with Davies-Bouldin index and the PSNR image quality evaluation method. Then, the quadrant method for surface uniformity, an image processing method based on morphological operators for uniformity of thermally-bonded points, the regionprops function (RF) method for distribution of fiber orientation and the digital image correlation (DIC) method for local displacement were used to calculate the parameters of nonwoven samples. Also, the relationships between image processing and the experimental results of tensile tests were studied. The results indicated that the structural properties of a fabric, such as surface uniformity, bonded structure, distribution of fiber orientation and critical points, have great impacts on its tensile properties at the selected weights and non-uniformity levels. Hence, a sample with a higher level of uniformity and, consequently, more regular bonding points with a higher bonding percentage, better distribution of fiber orientation and less critical points offers the best tensile properties.
    Keywords: image processing, k-means clustering, regionprops function, digital image correlation, tensile properties, spun-bonded non-woven fabric
  • Mohsen Hadizadeh*, Mohammad Khajeh Mehrizi, Zahra Shahi Pages 15-23
    Conventional methods of hair dyeing involve the use of chemical materials that result in unpleasant side effects, such as breakage of hair and cancer. A need was felt to formulate a dye containing plant products which is safe for use and does not have the problems of hypersensitive reactions. In this study, formulations containing natural hair colorants with madder dye and additives like herbal oils (almond, olive and coconut), ammonia and lemon juice were prepared. Response surface method was used to analyze color strength of hair colorant as dependent variable. Dye concentration, bath temperature and additives have been selected as independent variables. Color strength predictive model of natural hair colorants with madder dye is provided and this model has a high coefficient of determination. Also, it was indicated that, bath temperature has a great effect on enhancing the color strength of natural hair colorant. The optimization conditions of dyeing process parameters for polyhedral hair colorant production using response surface methodology were identified.
    Keywords: response surface methodology, natural colorant, madder, color strength, modeling
  • Hasan Mashroteh*, Esfandiar Ekhtiyari, Saeed Fattahi, Ali Aflatounian, Hosein Rahim, Milad Sadeghi, Sadeghabad Pages 33-43
    This study investigates bursting strength, puncture resistance and the relevant real elongations of the nonwoven needle-punched polyester fabrics using compressive behavior study and statistical design of experiment known as three-factor factorial design. To evaluate effect of main parameters of fabric structure, seventy-five samples were prepared and a prediction model was developed by multiple linear regression method. The results unanimously showed that samples have undeniable similarities in the compression behavior, so that four distinguished regions can be considered through the path tracing of the force-deflection curves. Additionally, it was concluded that the puncture’s self-socking position takes place in less magnitude of elongation in comparison to the similar position of bursting. Stress concentration in puncture causes that the fabric rupture was due to fiber breakage rather than its slippage. Whereas, the bursting ruptures of the fabric are further the result of fiber slippage. This is clearly due to geometry of ball-shaped device which is led to the relative uniformity of the quality of bursting loading.
    Keywords: nonwoven needle-punched fabric, bursting, puncture, strength, real elongation
  • Mohammad Momeni Nasab, Seyed Mansour Bidoki*, Abbas Ali Heidari Pages 45-52
    In recent years, much attention has been given to various printing techniques to produce low-cost electronic ingredients and equipment. Inkjet printing is one of the most promising methods for printing circuit ingredients in one step almost on any substrates. In this study, the inkjet printing technique was employed for chemical deposition of silver nanoparticles by ejecting aqueous solutions of silver nitrate as metal salt and ascorbic acid as reducing agent on flexible substrates such as paper and fabric. Inkjet-deposited silver patterns were used as capacitors in electrical circuits and their performance was tested. Different values of capacitance were gained by a simple change in the size and shape of the printed capacitor. The highest capacitance values gained on an inkjet-deposited capacitor (a parallel plate capacitor with 1 cm2 overlapped area) on paper and fabric were 85.1 and 1370 pF, respectively. Inkjet-printed capacitors (interdigital capacitors with six fingers) could display a capacitance around 20 and 6 pF on paper and fabric, respectively. Levels of capacitance achieved by the new inkjet deposition technique can successfully match and exceed the capacitance levels of conventional capacitors produced using current multi-step fabricating methods.
    Keywords: silver nanoparticles, inkjet printing, inkjet deposition, printed electronics, printed capacitors
  • Hadi Dabiryan*, Ali Asghar Asgharian Jeddi, Mohammad Hossein Ashouri Pages 53-60
    In the first part of this series, a straight-line geometrical model was generated for Queen’s Cord warp-knitted fabrics as reinforcement of the composite. In this part, the Rule of Mixture (ROM) was modified to calculate the elastic modulus of composites reinforced with Queen’s Cord fabrics using the straight-line model. For this purpose, the geometrical model was divided into different segments, and their angle with the direction of applied force was obtained. Considering the alignment of each segment, the effective length of different segments of the unit-cell of fabrics was calculated. Using the effective length, an orientation coefficient was defined for tensile modulus of fibers in ROM. In order to evaluate the modified ROM, nine types of composites were fabricated using produced Queen’s Cord fabrics. The results showed that modified ROM is closer to experiments than previous modifications.
    Keywords: tensile modulus, rule of mixture, queen’s cord, warp-knitted fabrics
  • Najmeh Dehghan, Manshadi*, Mohsen Hadizadeh Pages 61-68
    Fabric bending rigidity evaluation plays a very important role in determining end-use quality of products. This property has a non-linear behavior. Many techniques, such as mathematical, multiple regression, artificial neural network model, etc., have been used to predict mechanical properties of fabrics. This paper presents a method to model the bending rigidity of plain-woven fabrics using fuzzy logic. The input variables are yarn count, yarn diameter, yarn spacing, yarn bending rigidity and yarn length. The output variable is fabric bending rigidity. These results revealed the efficiency of fuzzy model to predict bending rigidity based on the mentioned parameters. Then the prediction accuracy of fuzzy logic model in comparison with three modeling methodologies based on mathematical, empirical and artificial neural network was evaluated. The comparison of the prediction performance showed that the fuzzy model is more powerful than the other models.
    Keywords: fuzzy logic, bending rigidity, woven fabric