نشریه پژوهش سلامت
سال چهارم شماره 1 (پیاپی 13، پاییز 1397)

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the perceptions of dimensions of family communication patterns and social intelligence with social vitality in high school students. This applied study was a correlation study. 198 high school students selected from among the population of Yasuj high school students in 2016, and then Kiel and Link biomedical intelligence questionnaire, family communication patterns, and joy and joylessness questionnaire were applied to them. Results analyzed using Spearman Brown and multiple regression tests. The results showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between total score of happiness and vitality and dialogue orientation (P <0.01). Also, there was a direct and significant relationship between the subscales of happiness and vitality, satisfaction with life, apparel adornment and helping others with the orientation of the dialogue. In addition, apparel adornment and helping others with direct co-creation orientation had a direct and significant relationship. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the orientation of the tone and hearing could predict happiness and vitality (57.4%, P <0.01). Family patterns also account for about 10% of the variance of happiness and vitality. Regarding the lack of correlation between ethical intelligence and happiness and its beta rate negativity in this equation, regression can be said that here ethical intelligence is a deterrent variable, and these variables account for about 18% of happiness variance.

Nowadays, although many health care organizations use electronic health-services, it seems that these services are not accepted to the extent of which were expected by the staff. So the present study evaluated the impact of factors influencing the acceptance of electronic health-services in the social security insurance using Technology Acceptance Model. This study was correlational-descriptive. The population was all health care staff of social insurance organization in Isfahan/Iran. The data collecting tools were involved of 5 verified questionnaires. Using Cochran’s sample size formula; 234 people were enrolled in this study. Finally, data analyzed using structural equations modeling technique, in SmartPLS software. There were significant relationships between system factors and perceived usefulness, system factors and perceived ease of use, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, perceived usefulness and attitude toward using, perceived ease of use and attitude toward using, perceived usefulness and behavioral intention to use, attitude toward using and behavioral intention to use. It seems to be crucial to evaluate the factors influencing the acceptance of electronic health-services based on standard models such as Information Technology Acceptance, to have a better utilization of these services.

The level of anxiety plays an important role in people's life, and decreasing it can be effective in improve of quality of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy in reducing symptoms and treatment of anxiety. This was an applied research by using semi-experimental, pre-test and post-test and control group. The population of the study were all patients with anxiety referred to hospitals and psychiatric and counseling centers of Tehran/Iran. They were selected by random sampling and then divided into two groups of 15 subjects. The experimental group enrolled in cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy intervention for five sessions. Data collected via Depression, Anxiety and Stomping Scale of Levi Bond (DASS) which its validity evaluated and confirmed by Cranach's alpha of 0.87. Data analyzed in two levels of descriptive and inferential using analysis of covariance in SPSS software. The level of calculated anxiety in the experimental group in the post test (14.87) was significantly lower than the pretest (24.93) (P =0.00). Also, there was a significant difference between the control and intervention group, while was significantly lesser in intervention group. The results of this study indicate that cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy therapy is effective in reducing the anxiety and symptoms of stress.

The consumption of nutritional supplements among athletes is increasing and this causes unwanted problems. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of media literacy training on athletes' attitude about dietary supplements. The statistical population of this study were all the fitness athletes in clubs of Kermanshah in 1395, among which 376 people were selected using Cochran formula. To collecting data, a researcher-made questionnaire on about food supplements and media literacy questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical methods in SPSS16 software. The results showed that media literacy (P=0.001, r=0.282) and its components included media management awareness (P =0.001, r=0.455), critical thinking (P=0.001, r=0/282) and media analysis (P=0.001, r=0.638) have a positive and significant relationship with the attitude toward exercise supplementation. Also, it was found that the linear relationship between the two variables of media literacy and attitude about the self-administered supplementation of sport supplements (at the level of P≤0.01 and F = 20.401) was significant. The results of this study showed that media literacy and its components include knowledge of media management, critical thinking and media analysis have a positive and significant relationship with the attitude toward exercise supplementation.

Encouragement is an important way to motivate nurses to provide empathetic and safe care in complicated working conditions. This study aimed to determine job motivation among Iranian nurses in hospitals. This study conducted using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Electronic valuable databases searched and evaluated for original research papers published on job motivation among Iranian nurses. Finally, seven empirical studies reviewed and analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Based on random effects model, the mean and standard division Iranian nurses’ job motivation was 3/09 ± 0/23 (95% CI 2/63-3/55%). The highest mean and standard division job motivation was 4.40 ± 0.03 (95% CI 4.32-4.47%) that recorded in educational hospitals in Hamadan in 2015, and the lowest mean and standard division job motivation was 1.70 ± 0.12 (95% CI 1/46-1/93%) which found in a psychology hospital in Kashan in 2014. Significant statistical correlation was observed between job motivation mean value and year of study and sample size (P<0.05). The mean job motivation among nursing staff in Iran was between medium to high; thus, managers and policymakers should take serious attraction to increase the job motivation among Iranian nurses.

Today, traditional management and leadership will not respond to bumpy and unpredictable healthcare organizations. A transformative leadership with an appropriate and efficient approach can make the strongest of the weakest organizations. The purpose of this study was to assess the transformational leadership indicators in the managers of a military hospital from the perspective of its employees. This study was descriptive-analytic and in terms of its purpose was practical. The statistical population of this study was all employees of the selected military hospital in 2016 which selected randomly. Data collected using standard questionnaire of Castiglione and then analyzed using SPSS 20 software, ANOVA, t-test and correlation coefficient methods. The findings showed that the lowest mean of evaluated variables was related to the managerial attributes associated with charismatic management (21.11 ± 5.22), and higher mean value was in the components of managerial attributes related to intellectual motivation in the employees (75/28.34 ± 6.8). Also, the results of ANOVA showed that there was a significant relationship between the components of charismatic features and place of work and the age groups of employees as well as between the components of managerial characteristics related to charismatic management and evolving facilitator management features with previous history of management of staff and place of service (P<0.05). Considering that the most important factor in the evolutionary leadership of the managers in the military hospital is the characteristics associated with mental stimulation in the staff, it is now suggested that hospital managers provide new initiatives to evaluate staff and create an enterprise-based culture of continuous improvement, staffing encourages the development of new skills and rapid adaptation to change, in order to improve the field of health promotion and effectiveness.

In developing countries, military expenditures which usually used to provide security, affect on economic conditions by analyzing economic power. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to examine the effect of military expenditures on health expenditures in developing countries. This study was performed using statistical data from 25 countries during the 1995-2014. The long-term relationship between per capita health expenditures, per capita military expenditures, per capita income, life expectancy, population and per capita foreign aid has been investigated using panel co-integration and generalized method of moments (GMM). Also, the statistical analyzes were performed using the Eviews and Stata soft wares. Based on the results of the model estimation, per capita military expenditures, population and per capita foreign aid decrease the per capita health expenditures in the long–term. Also, in the long–term, per capita income and life expectancy increase the per capita health expenditures. In the long-term, one percent increase in the per capita military expenditures, reduce the per capita health expenditures in developing countries by about 0.18 percent. Providing the appropriate policies for provides security without widespread military expenditure in developing countries can improve the health in these countries by transferring economic resources from the military sector toward the health sections.
Keywords: Health, Military Expenditures, Developing Countries, Generalized Method of Moment.

Acne is the most common skin disorder that affects nearly 80% of people in periods of life. Patients with acne often experience depression and anxiety and low self-esteem and generally experience lower quality of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the quality of life in patients with acne vulgaris before and after treatment. In this clinical trial, patients with acne referred to the skin clinic were examined. Patients were examined by a clinician and information was collected using a standard questionnaire for determining the severity of acne. After confirming the incidence of acne based on the severity of the disease, they were divided into three groups: mild, moderate and severe. Then, quality of life and self-esteem of patients were assessed using standard questionnaires and then each group received standard pharmaceutical treatment. After the end of the treatment period, the quality of life and self-esteem of patients were re-evaluated. Finally, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software via t-test and chi square methods. A total of 90 patients were enrolled (30 males and 60 females) with an average age of 26.9 ± 6.1. The results of the study showed that the level of quality of life in the mild, moderate and severe acne group after treatment was significantly higher than the pre-treatment. Also, the level of self-esteem in the mild, moderate and severe groups of the treatment group was significantly higher than the pre-treatment. The results suggest that treatments have significantly improved the clinical symptoms of acne and increased quality of life and self-esteem in patients. This indicates the importance of acne treatment to improve quality of life and increase self-esteem.