نشریه روان پرستاری
سال ششم شماره 6 (پیاپی 30، بهمن و اسفند 1397)

Psycho-education may positively impact the family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders and promote in them such positive psychological states as resilience. The purpose of the present study is to examine the effect of virtual social network based psycho-education on resilience of the family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders. The present research is a semi-experimental study in the form of a pre-test and two post-test with two control and test groups conducted in Iran Psychiatric Center in Tehran in 2017. 72 family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders, with the age of 18 to 65, participated in the present study. To avoid the spread of the information, the control group was first studied and the test group was studied later. Sampling was conducted in a continuous and non-probable form. Data collection was conducted through demographic questionnaire and Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-2003) before the study, immediately after the training, and 4 weeks after that. The virtual training (Psycho-education) was conducted through a telegram channel for four weeks. The data were analyzed by means of SPSS-24 software, and the independent T tests, couple T, and variances were analyzed by repetitive values. The results of the study of the demographic features of samples showed that both groups were homogeneous. Based on the independent T test, the results showed that the change average of resilience score in both test and control groups had meaningful difference statistically, and that the average increased in the test group (P<0.001). Also, the results of the couple T test showed that the changes in resilience score in the test group had a meaningful difference statistically, and that the changes in post-test stage were greater than the pre-test stage; they were greater in the second post-test compared to the first post-test and pre-test stages (P < 0.001). The results of this research showed that the virtual social network based psycho-education promotes the resilience of family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders. Given the low cost of, and fast access to, social networks, the contents of this training plan can be widely utilized for family caregivers.

In recent years, the eating disorder as a psychosocial disorder has increased dramatically and this disorder has an important role in reduction of physical and mental health. This research aimed to predicting of nursing students’ eating disorder based on alexithymia, coping styles and cognitive emotion regulation. This study was a descriptive from correlational type. The research population was the nursing students’ of Islamaic Azad University of Ahvaz branch in 2017-18 years which from them 210 student (29 man and 181 woman) were selected by stratified randomly sampling method. All of them completed the questionnaires of eating disorder, alexithymia, coping styles and cognitive emotion regulation. Data was analyzed with using SPSS-21 and by Pearson correlation and multiple regression with enter model methods. The findings showed that alexithymia (r=0/173), avoid-focused coping style (r=0/198) and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies (r=0/465) had a significantly positive relationship with nursing students’ eating disorder and problem-focused coping style (r=-0/376) and positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (r=-0/541) had a significantly negative relationship with nursing students’ eating disorder. Also, the variables of positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies and problem-focused coping style significantly could predict 45/5 percent of variance of nursing students’ eating disorder that in this prediction the share of positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies was higher than other variables (p<0/05). The results indicate the role and importance of the variables of positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies and problem-focused coping style in predicting nursing students’ eating disorder. Therefore counselors and therapists should pay attention to the signs of mentioned variables and based on design and implement appropriate programs to decrease the nursing students’ eating disorder.

Mindfulness is a skill that allows people to take incidents at a disadvantage in the present. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mind-fullness based cognitive therapy on emotional cognitive regulation, resiliency and competitive anxiety in female athletes. This experimental study was a pre-test and post-test type with control group. The statistical population was all women athletes in Ahwaz who were studied in 2017. The sample consisted of 30 people who were selected by simple random sampling (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). Before and after intervention and one month later in follow-up process, the subjects responded to research scales including Resiliency, competitive anxiety and cognitive emotion regulation. The experimental group received cognitive therapy based on mind-awareness in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. But there was no intervention on the control group. To analyze the data, Multivariate Covariance Analysis and One Way Covariance Analysis was used. Findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the cognitive-emotional regulation, resiliency and competitive anxiety (P<0.0001). And this result was sustained at the follow-up stage. According to the results, cognitive therapy based on mind-awareness can be used to improve cognitive-emotional regulation resiliency and competitive anxiety of female athletes.

Insomnia is a prevalent mental disorder in student. Therefore, the aim of present study was to investigate the mediating role of negative repetitive thoughts in the relationship between brain behavioral systems and insomnia severity in students. In this descriptive-correlational study, 210 students of Shahrood University of Technology were selected by stage cluster sampling method. The participants completed BIS/BAS scales (Carver & White, 1994), Penn state worry questionnaire (Meyer et al., 1990), ruminative response scale (Treynor et al., 2003) and insomnia severity index (Bastien et al. 2001). Data were analyzed by SPSS and LISREL software, using Pearson correlation and path analysis. The result showed that behavioral inhibition system predicted higher negative repetitive thoughts, which, in turn, predicted higher insomnia in students (p<0.05). Also, negative repetitive thoughts mediated the relationship between brain behavioral systems and insomnia severity in students (p<0.05). The results of this study emphasize the importance of behavioral inhibition system and negative repetitive thoughts in insomnia severity in students. In other words, students with a more sensitive behavioral inhibition system experience more severe insomnia through negative repetitive thoughts.

Each of the schools of thought, philosophy and religion has different views on death and its treatment. One of the most common problems of cancer patients challenging with even after the end of the treatment is the anxiety of death. The purpose of this study is investigating lived experiences of patients challenging with cancer, who were hospitalized in Baqiyatollah hospital in Tehran. This research is qualitative approach and interpretative phenomenological method. The sample of study was 20 volunteer patients of Cancer department of Baqiatollah hospital, who were selected by the purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. The interviews continued until saturation of the data. After recording and writing the content of interviews, interviews were analyzed based on Dickelman, Tanner and Ellen (1989) method. From the analysis of the patients' lived experiences of cancer, 4 main themes appeared: the concept of death in patients attitude, the disease outcomes, the causes of death anxiety and factors reducing death anxiety and also 23 sub-themes were found. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that a Comprehensive care plan should be developed to reduce the death anxiety of life of cancer patients at the borderline position.

One of the main goals of treatment in patients with mental disorders is compliance with drug therapy because non-compliance of the drug causes relapse of the disease and disrupts the treatment process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pharmacotherapy training on drug availability in patients with mental disorders. In this clinical trial study, 80 patients with Mental Disorders diagnosed in Farshchian Hospital in Hamadan, Iran, from October to February 2017 participated. Participants in the study were randomly divided into two experimental (40) and control (40) groups. In the intervention group, medication education was administered in four sessions of an hour in group (each group of 10). The control group received routine nursing care. Patients' adherence with drug therapies was checked by using the checklist for observing drug compliance before and after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS software version 24. The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of personal characteristics (P > 0.05). Mean and standard deviation of drug compliance score before and after intervention in experimental group was 0.55 ± 4.03 and control group was1.50 ± 4.34, which did not show significant difference (P = 0.306). After the intervention, the difference in mean and standard deviation of drug adherence score was statistically significant in the experimental group (5.02 ± 3.27) and control (1.17 ± 3.53) (P < 0.001). Medication education interventions have had a positive effect on drug dependence in patients with psychiatric disorders. Therefore, it is suggested that more attention be paid to educating patients about nursing care in nursing care programs.

There are several factors that affect the addiction potential, which in turn interact with each other, triggers consumption and then addiction. The purpose of this study was to predict addiction potential based on mental health, social support and two personality traits; neuroticism and agreeableness. The method of this research is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population was all members of Red Crescent Society of seven provinces of Iran (East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan, Gilan, Kerman and Hormozgan) that 218 of them (107 boys and 111 girls) were selected the census method as the research sample. Measurement tools include Zargar Iranian Addiction Potential Scale, Phillips & et al Social Support Appraisal Scale, Symptom Check List-25 and Neo Five Factor Inventory. Then data was analyzed by Pearson correlation and stepwise regression. The findings showed that there is a significant positive correlation between poor mental health and addiction potential (P ≤ 0.01) and social support has a significant negative correlation with the addiction potential (P ≤ 0.01). Also there was significant positive correlation between neuroticism and addiction potential and negative correlation between agreeableness and addiction potential (P ≤ 0.01). The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that mental health was with positive beta coefficient (B = 0.31), neuroticism with positive beta coefficient (B = 0.27) and social support with negative beta coefficient (B -0.14) is able to predict the readiness of addiction, respectively. Finally, these variables were able to explain 31 percent of variance of addiction potential (R2 = 0.32). According to the results of the research it can be said that, mental health, social support and personality traits can play a significant role in the addiction potential in individuals, and the need to pay attention to them in addiction prevention programs should be considered.

The purpose of present study was the study of relationship between personality traits and its dimensions with emotion expression (impulse intensity, expressiveness) of emergency nurses in Tehran hospitals. This research is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study consisted of all nurses of the emergency nurses of Tehran hospitals in 2017. The sample consisted of 300 nurses who were randomly selected. The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between the components of personality traits (psychoanalytic, extraversion, accountability, agreeableness and passion for new experiences) and emotional expression (impulse intensity and expressiveness). Also, the findings of the canonical loading test showed that the agreeableness is most effective in the expression component, and the extraversion has the most effect on intensity of impulse than the other components. Personality Dimensions, emotion expression and descending / increasing of job process trend of nurses operate in a continuous and consistent manner that predicts the job future.

Sexual addiction is a growing concern known as a serious disorder. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between happiness, perceived social support and self-esteem with sexual addiction among couples in Ardabil city. The study was based on a descriptive correlational method. Its statistical population consisted of all couples in Ardabil city in 2016. A total of 110 people (55 married spouses) were selected as the statistical sample using the convenience sampling. To collect data, the Oxford happiness scale, perceived social support scale, self-esteem scale and sexual addiction scale were used. Research data were analyzed using Independent t test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The study results indicated no significant difference in sexual addiction of men and women
(P > 0.05). Additionally, there was a significant relationship between happiness, perceived social support, self-esteem and sexual addiction in couples (p<0.05). The results showed that happiness, perceived social support and self-esteem could predict the sexual addiction of couples by 0.61 (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that happiness, perceived social support and self-esteem could decrease the sexual addiction in couples.

Spirituality is one of the complex and multi-dimensional aspects of human experience and has empirical knowledge and behavior. Spiritual distress and crises can have an adverse effect on their physical and mental health. On the other hand, diseases caused spiritual distress for the patient and her family. The problem in patients with chronic diseases such as cancer is more important. This review aims to provide an overview of spiritual health in cancer patients. The study is a descriptive - prospective, which conducted on 1442 cancer patients diagnosed in the Department of Pathology of Rajai, Kosar and Velayat Hospitals in the period from November 2011 to December 2015 by census method. Data were collected by using Palutzian Ellison spiritual health questionnaire. Both descriptive and statistical analysis methods were applied. P <0.05 The average age of 1465 patients was 56± 66/74 (age range 26 to 81). 850 (58%) patients were male. The results showed that spiritual health level of 21% of patients were at intermediate level, 55 percent on average, and 23 percent were at a high level. Religious health scores of the patients were higher than that of health existence. Between demographic variables and spiritual health (P=0.65) no significant association was not found. But between the rate of cancer progression and spiritual health, statistically significant correlation was found (P=0.04). Pay attention to spirituality in patients with chronic diseases, is an important index. Doctors need were familiar with all aspects of the involved factors in disease include psychological, physical and spiritual. Therapeutic interventions should be including spiritual advice on prevention, medical treatment and complementary care. In addition, basic elements of spiritual advices should be considered in routine medical screening.

Emotional labour tend to consider manage and expression feeling at workplace. The main purpose of this study was investigate role of emotional labour and resiliency in mental health of nurses. this study used a descriptive disign. According to the Morgan table, 312 nurses from Qamar Bani Hashem Hospital and Shaheed Madani Hospital in Khoy were participated in this study. They completed three questionnaires including Zapf’ Emotional Labour scale, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale. Finally, the data were analyzed through stepwise regression analysis. Surface emotional acting had a positive and significant relationship with physical symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and depression, while its relationship with resilience and work experience was negatively significant. Meanwhile, Surface emotional acting explain to 24% of mental health in nurses (negatively). Deep emotional acting had a meaningful and positive relationship with the components of mental health, resilience and work experience. In other words, with growth work experience, tend to increase deep emotional acting. In the result, resilience and mental health improve gradually. Surface emotional acting, often seen in little background nurses, could lead to cognitive dissonance and inconsistency between behavior and beliefs. In the result, it can reduce psychological health. If use consistently defensive mechanisms to control these emotional disruptions, the nurses will be experince burnout in long time.