فهرست مطالب

علوم درمانگاهی دامپزشکی ایران - سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 20، پاییز و زمستان 1397)

نشریه علوم درمانگاهی دامپزشکی ایران
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 20، پاییز و زمستان 1397)

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1398/01/18
  • تعداد عناوین: 12
|
  • منصور میاحی *، مسعود رضا صیفی آباد شاپوری، بابک محمدیان قلعه جوقی صفحات 3-13
  • رسول رحیمی جونقانی، ایرج کریمی، امین بیغم صادق، فرزانه حسینی، موسی جاودانی * صفحات 15-25
  • بهناز شهریاری زاده *، رحیم پیغان، سیده میثاق جلالی، سید رضا فاطمی طباطبایی صفحات 27-35
  • حسن نوروزیان*، زیبا نظری صفحات 37-46
  • علی کدیور*، ویدا نجف زاده، ناصر شمس اسفندآبادی، مهدی کدیور، سینا بنی طالبی، نجمه داودیان صفحات 47-58
  • پروانه ریوفیان *، جلیل شجاع، رضی الله جعفری جوزانی، غلامعلی مقدم، ارش جوانمرد صفحات 59-67
  • سید مصطفی پیغمبری *، ریما مرشد، بهرام شجاعدوست، حسین نیک پیران، هادی حق بین نظرپاک، منصور خاکپور، زینب فقیه نصیری، میلاد فلاح دوست، هومن کچبی، رامونا وشتانی، هادی روح الله زاده، اعظم یزدانی صفحات 69-80
    سالمونلاهای غیرتیفوئیدی از مهم ترین عوامل بیماری زای با منشاء غذایی در جهان با بیش از 2500 سروتیپ هستند. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی آلودگی سالمونلایی تعدادی از گله های گوشتی در دو استان شمالی مازندران و گیلان که از مراکز مهم پرورش طیور کشور به حساب می آیند، صورت گرفت. در پژوهش صورت گرفته از 126 سالن گوشتی با سنین مختلف، 13310 نمونه مدفوع اخذ شد که بعد از تجمیع به 1331 نمونه تقلیل یافت و طی کشت باکتریایی به روش استاندارد، 35 جدایه سالمونلا از آن ها جدا گردید؛ سپس با کمک آنتی سرم های پلی والان O گروه های سرمی A تا E سالمونلاها، گروه سرمی جدایه ها تعیین شد. میزان شیوع سالمونلا بر اساس 126 سالن، 26% بود. از این 35 جدایه، 17 جدایه (% 57/48) گروه Dو18 جدایه (% 43/51) گروه C شناسایی شدند. میزان مقاومت به ترکیبات ضد میکروبی در 35 جدایه سالمونلا مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در مجموع 32 الگوی مقاومت پیدا شد. بیشترین میزان مقاومت مربوط به آنتی بیوتیک های اریترومایسین، ونکومایسین، کلیندامایسین، پنی سیلین، داکسی سایکلین، کلیستین، اکسی تتراسایکلین، کربنی سیلین، فورازولیدون و تتراسایکلین بود. جدایه های سالمونلا نسبت به آنتی بیوتیک های سفتریاکسون، دانوفلوکساسین، لووفلوکساسین، ایمیپنم، افلوکساسین، سفازولین و آموکسی سیلین حساسیت 100 درصدی نشان دادند. الگوی مقاومت چندگانه در بین جدایه های سالمونلا %100 بود و به عبارت دیگر %100 سالمونلاها حداقل در برابر سه ترکیب ضد میکروبی مقاوم بودند. افزایش سویه های سالمونلا با مقاومت چندگانه بسیار بالا حاصل مصرف وسیع ترکیبات ضد میکروبی در دامپزشکی بویژه صنعت طیور کشور است که از جنبه بهداشت عمومی و انتقال سویه های مقاوم به انسان از طریق زنجیره غذایی اهمیت ویژه ای دارد.
    کلیدواژگان: سالمونلا، مقاومت دارویی، گروه سرمی، گله گوشتی، مازندران، گیلان
  • آزاد رحیمی *، عبدالکریم زمانی مقدم، عبدالحمید شوشتری صفحات 81-87
    تکامل و ایجاد سروتیپهای جدید و مختلف ویروس برونشیت عفونی بطور مستمر در حال انجام است که این امر هر ساله ضررهای اقتصادی فراوانی به صنعت طیور وارد می کند، لذا تعیین سریع و صحیح سروتیپ ها جهت انتخاب و توسعه ی واکسنهای مناسب سویه های هر منطقه به عنوان یک اصل مهم و تعیین کننده در کنترل این بیماری است. در این مطالعه نمونه ها از نای، ریه و کلیه از گله هایی با علائم تنفسی، مشکوک به بیماری برونشیت عفونی از گله های پرورش مرغ گوشتی استان فارس و چهارمحال و بختیاری به تعداد 40 نمونه بصورت تجمیع از 40 گله جمع آوری شدند. نمونه پس از آماده سازی برای ردیابی ویروس برونشیت عفونی با آزمایش RT-PCR انتخاب شد، سپس محصول PCR خالص شده برای تعیین توالی قطعه ای به طول 464 جفت باز از ژن S1 به شرکت MWG آلمان ارسال شد. پاسخ توالی های اخذ شده بررسی و تصحیح شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد سویه ی variant 2 تبدیل به سویه ی غالب در این دو منطقه شده است. بیشترین شیوع جدایه ها مربوط به سویه ی variant 2 بود که شامل 75% نمونه ها (9 نمونه) می گردید و پس از آن سویه ی ماساچوست قرار داشت که در این بین 6/16% نمونه ها (2 نمونه) و یک نمونه (8%) هم متعلق به سویه واکسن H120 بود. بنابراین با توجه به متفاوت بودن سویه های غالب در مناطق مورد مطالعه واکسنهای موجود در بازار نمی تواند محافظت ایمنی مناسبی ایجاد کند و نیازمند توسعه ی واکسنهای جدید است.
    کلیدواژگان: برونشیت عفونی، سکانس S1، جدایه های variant 2، RT-PCR، برونشیت عفونی ایران
  • عباس رئیسی *، فرشید داودی، سروش افشار، شایان طاهری، الهام یوسفیان، سیاوش شریفی صفحات 89-95
    مواد شیمیایی مختلفی به عنوان داروی بی هوشی در مزارع پرورش ماهی و مراکز تحقیقاتی آبزیان استفاده شده است. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثرات بی هوشی و آرام بخشی گیاهان سنبل الطیب( Valeriana officinalis)، میخک (Syzygium aromaticum) و اسطوخدوس (lavandula officinalis) بر روی ماهی اسکار (Astronatus ocellatus) به روش غوطه وری بود.بدین منظور 30 قطعه ماهی اسکار با اندازه حدود 5/0±6 سانتی متر انتخاب و به 3 گروه تقسیم شدند. برای بی هوشی ماهیان از میخک با غلظت g/l3/0، اسطوخدوس با غلظت ml/l 8/1 و سنبل الطیب با غلظتml/l 8/1 استفاده گردید.شروع بی هوشی ؛ مدت زمان بی هوشی و برگشت از بی هوشی برای هر گروه ثبت گردید. عصاره گیاه سنبل الطیب در ماهی اسکار موجب بی هوشی نشد و تنها کمی موجب آرام بخشی گردید. اسطوخدوس و گل میخک موجب بی هوشی شدند که زمان های بی هوشی در ماهیان غوطه ور شده در گل میخک کمتر از اسطوخدوس بود ولی تنها در طول اثر بی هوشی اختلاف معنی دار دیده شد 05/0P<. تاکنون گزارشی از استفاده اسطخدوس در بی هوشی ماهیان پیدا نشده است. می توان از آن در بی هوشی ماهیان به دلیل زمان مناسب القا و بی هوشی ، دسترسی آسان و قیمت مناسب استفاده کرد.
    کلیدواژگان: بی هوشی، میخک، اسطوخدوس، سنبل الطیب، ماهی
  • رویا رهنما * صفحات 97-108
    بیماری ویروسی سپتی سمی هموراژی (VHS) یکی از مهم ترین بیماری های این ماهی است که اخیرا در ایران شیوع گسترده-ای یافته وخسارت های بسیار سنگینی را بر پرورش دهندگان تحمیل کرده است. به منظور شناسایی و اطمینان از وجود عامل بروز این تلفات، نمونه برداری از مزارع پرورشی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری- که کانون اصلی همه گیری و تلفات بالا بود صورت گرفت. ماهیان دارای علایم بالینی انتخاب و اندام های، کلیه قدامی، طحال، قلب و مغز آن ها جدا و در الکل 70 درصد ذخیره شدند. بر اساس آزمایش RT-PCR، بیماری VHS تایید شد؛ سپس برای استفاده در بررسی سرولوژیک VHS، یک قطعه از ژن نوکلئوکپسید(N) ویروس VHS، با پرایمرهای پیشنهادی OIE و اندکی تغییر، تکثیر و قطعه مورد نظر در وکتور PMAL-C2X کلون و سپس در باکتری اشیرشیاکلی Rosetta بیان گردید. پروتئین بیانی با کمک ستون کروماتوگرافی رزین آمیلوز خالص شد. پروتئین هدف با وزن KDa61 ازطریق SDS-PAGEو متعاقب آن ایمونوبلاتینگ ارزیابی شد. مشاهده بیان پروتئین با وزن ملکولی قابل انتظار در SDS-PAGE و واکنش مثبت این پروتئین با سرم موش ایمن شده با پروتئین MBP در ایمونوبلات نشان دهنده بیان موفق این قطعه از پروتئین در باکتری اشیرشیاکلی بود.
    کلیدواژگان: پروتئین نوترکیب نوکلئوکپسید، ویروس سپتی سمی هموراژی، قزل آلا
  • الهام میکائیلی*، فرخ کفیل زاده، برومند چهارآیین، حسن خمیس آبادی، امیر کیانی صفحات 109-120
  • مهدی پورمهدی بروجنی *، هومن معاضد، محمد رحیم حاجی حاجیکلایی، مسعود رضا صیفی آباد شاپوری صفحات 121-128
    آرتریت- آنسفالیت بز یک بیماری ویروسی است که توسط یک لنتی ویروس ایجاد و با علایمی نظیر آرتریت، پنومونی، التهاب پستان و آنسفالیت در بز مشخص می شود. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین شیوع سرمی آلودگی با ویروس آرتریت- آنسفالیت در بزهای استان خوزستان و همچنین ارتباط آن با فاکتورهای محیطی و میزبانی بود. در این پژوهش نمونه های سرمی به طور تصادفی از 368 راس بز از شهرهای اهواز، دزفول، ایذه، شوشتر، سوسنگرد و هندیجان جمع آوری گردید و با آزمایش الیزا ارزیابی شد. شیوع سرمی آرتریت- آنسفالیت 67/14 درصد (فاصله اطمینان 95% : 28/18- 06/11 درصد) بود. رگرسیون لاجستیک نشان داد که شانس آلودگی بین سن برحسب سال و بیماری 11/1 (فاصله اطمینان 95% : 13/1- 93/0) است. شانس آلودگی جنس نر 42/1 برابر جنس ماده (فاصله اطمینان 95% : 95/3 -51/0) است و جنس 2/0 درصد از تغییرات آلودگی را توجیه می کرد. شانس آلودگی بزهایی که سابقه ی سقط دارند 48/1 برابر بدون این سابقه (فاصله اطمینان 95% : 66/3 -6/0) بود و سابقه سقط 4/0 درصد از تغییرات آلودگی را توجیه می کرد. فراوانی نسبی آلودگی در شهرهای شوشتر، ایذه، دزفول، سوسنگرد، هندیجان و اهواز به ترتیب 67/31، 31/21، 15، 12، 75/8، 9/3 درصد بود و موقعیت جغرافیایی 8/11 درصد از تغییرات آلودگی را توجیه می کرد. مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که ویروس آرتریت- آنسفالیت در استان خوزستان وجود دارد. بنابراین باید اقدامات کنترلی و پیش گیرانه مد نظر سیاست گذاران بهداشتی و دامداران قرار گیرد.
    کلیدواژگان: شیوع، ویروس آرتریت - آنسفالیت، الیزا، بز، خوزستان
|
  • Mayahi M.*, Seyfi, Abad Shapouri M. R., Mohamadian B. Pages 3-13
    In order to evaluate protection of B1 ND vaccine against the prevalent virulent ND virus isolated from broiler farms in Khuzestan province, samples from trachea, lungs, liver, kidney, spleen, proventriculus, cecal tonsils and brain were collected from 50 Newcastle disease suspected flocks. One isolated ND virus was belonged to genotype II and 7 isolates were belonged to genotype VII. In order to evaluate protection of Newcasle B1 vaccine aginst virulent isolate belonged to genotype VII, 160 day-old broiler chicks were randomlly divided into 4 equal groups and kept in separated rooms. Groups 1 and 3 chicks were vaccinated two times with live B1 strain vaccine at 8 and 18 days of age via eye-drop route and groups 2 and 4 chocks were kept as unvaccinated control groups. Groups 2 and 3 chicks were challenged intraocularly with 105 EID50 doses of the virulent prevalent isolated ND virus. Blood samples from all groups were collected on days 1, 14, 25, 32, 37 and 42 and antibody titer was measured by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. It was concluded that, very virulent ND virus are present in poultry farms of Khuzestan province and two times vaccination with B1 vaccine probably produced sufficient protection against very virulent ND virus.
    Keywords: Protection, Newcastle disease, Broiler chick, Genotyping, B1 Vaccine, RT-PCR
  • Rahimi Junqani R., Javdani M.*, Karimi I., Bigham Sadegh A., Hosseini F. Pages 15-25
    The purpose of this study was to find out the histological and radiographic assessment of healing of ulna fracture stabilized with feather shaft and compare with intramedullary pin. A total of 70 pigeons (Columba livia) randomly divided into two equal groups. After aseptically preparation of surgical site (left wing) and induction of anesthesia, a 3 cm longitudinal incision was made on the skin, the ulna bone was exposed gently and a segmental bone of 3 mm in length was removed in the middle of the ulnar diaphysis. The fracture in group I was repaired with an autoclaved feather shaft as an auto-graft and in group II stainless steel intramedullary pin used to treat fracture. Healing was evaluated with radiographs at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks after surgery and for histological study at least 4 birds from each group were sacrificed at weeks 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 12 and bone sample transferred to a Histology Laboratory at Shahrekord University. Radiographic findings showed favorable bone healing progress in both groups. Results of histological evaluation revealed that at time 3 and 5 weeks, difference between two groups not significant, but in week 9 the feather group had better results than the pin group. Also comparison within groups demonstrated favorable bone healing in both groups. According to the results of the present study, feather shaft can be used as available and lightweight intramedullary fixator for avian fracture treatment.
    Keywords: Fracture healing, Ulna, Feather, Pin, Pigeon
  • Shahryarizadeh B.*, Peyghan R., Jalali S. M., Fatemi Tabatabaee S.R. Pages 27-35
    In this study sedative effect of clove extract and tobacco extract and MS222 on some of serum biochemical parameters of common carp was studied. Two hundred ten fish were divided into 7 groups (two concentrations of clove extract 20 and 40 mg/l, two concentrations of Tobacco extract 40 and 80 mg/l and two concentrations of MS222, 20 and 40 mg/l for 2 days and one group considered as control). Each group had 10 fish with 3 replicates. At days 2, 4 and 6 after sedation blood sampling was done and some biochemical parameters including: total protein, glucose, cortisol and activities of serum enzymes AST, ALT, CPK and ALP were measured in plasma. According to results no significant differences in ALT and cortisol were seen between different experimental groups. The AST level in 40 mg/l tobacco extract group decreased significantly (P<0.05) in comparison with control group. ALP level in the clove extract groups and tobacco extract groups increased significantly (P<0.05) in comparison with control group. The level of total protein was decreased significantly by clove extract (40 mg/l) and tobacco extracts (P<0.05). The level of glucose in MS222 group (20 mg/l), clove extract groups and one of tobacco extract groups (80 mg/l) decreased significantly (p<0.05) in comparison with the control group. Although the use of clove or tobacco extracts at concentrations studied, made an increase in the activity of some serum enzymes, but there was no difference in the quality of sedation when compared with MS222.
    Keywords: Sedation effect, Clove extract, Tobacco extract, Common carp
  • Norouzian H *_Nazari Z Pages 37-46
    Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is among major causes of disease and mortality in backyard chicken flocks in Iran and rapid and reliable diagnosis and determination of its causative agent is very important in veterinary diagnostic laboratories. In this study 178 serum samples were investigated backyard chicken flocks of 6 villages around Khorram Abad suburbs using hemaglutination inhibition. In addition, a few tissue samples were obtained from suspected flocks for virus isolation, using embryonated chicken eggs. Then, RT-PCR was established with RNA extracted from allantoic fluid samples using specific primers for F gene. All of the studied flocks and 65% of serum samples were positive for NDV antibodies. A total number of 3 isolates, detected in virus culture and RT-PCR, further were evaluated by restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) with BglІ. The results showed that the three isolates were not of lentogenic pathotype, confirmed in sequencing analysis. The extensive prevalence of ND antibodies among backyard chicken flocks of Khorram Abad and pathotype determination of the isolates are indications for circulation of velogenic NDV. The RT-PCR/REA technique in this study could be an accurate detection and pathotype differentiation method for NDV in backyard chickens.
    Keywords: ND, serological study, RT-PCR-REA, Khorram Abad
  • Kadivar A *_Najafzadeh V_Shams Esfandabadi N_Kadivar M_Banitalebi S_Davoodian N Pages 47-58
    During the past years, portable ultrasonography devices with high quality pictures have routinely been used for veterinary diagnostic procedures. One of the most practical uses of this technique is reproductive management in dairy cows. The aim of this study was to designing a software for education of cattle reproductive ultrasonography. In this study, the reproductive system (uterus and ovaries) of 110 dairy cows was examined by ultrasonography during the different times postparturition. The pictures were taken and the picture legends were put under the pictures. The most practical aspects of each topic or disorder were also described. All the pictures were evaluated after gathering and only the pictures with the best quality were selected. Model View Controller (MVC) design pattern was used that is the object oriented design pattern and the graphical view was developed with JAVA. This software can be installed and used in all devices with android operating System.
    Keywords: Ultrasonography, Reproductive System, Cattle, Educational Software
  • Raoofian P. *, Shoja J., Moghadam GH., Javanmard A. Pages 59-67
    Mastitis is a very important economic disease in dairy cattle. The TNFα gene as a key gene involved with mastitis and its polymorphisms and expression was evaluated as well as its correlation with somatic cell score (SCS). The gene expression of bovine TNFα profiling in Holstein cattle was also assessed. For this purpose, one hundred Holstein lactating cows were selected based on their breeding values for milk production, fat and somatic cell scores. Then cows based on their residual values for somatic cell scores were divided into two resistant and susceptible groups and 5 ml blood samples were collected from each animal. Selective genotyping of two target groups of susceptible and resistant animals to mastitis was done using PCR-RFLP approach, and then statistical association study was taken between identified genotypes and phenotypes records. Then, gene expression profiling between resistance and susceptible groups was evaluated using Real time PCR method. Results at this research showed significant correlation between TNFα gene polymorphism and values residuals of SCS (P<0.01). Gene expression was difference between the susceptible and resistance groups which, can be indirectly reflect relationships between screen mutations and gene expression pattern. So that the highest gene expression was belonged to BB genotype. As the final message of the present study, AA genotype may play a role and associated with relative resistance phenotype to mastitis in the studied population.
    Keywords: Gene expression, Somatic Cell Count, Mastitis, Factor Necrosis Tumor
  • Peighambari S. M.*, Morshed R., Shojadoost B., Nikpiran H., HaghbinNazarpak H., Khakpour M., Faghih Nasiri Z., Fallahdoost M., Kachabi S.H., Voshtani R., Rohollahzade H., Yazdani A. Pages 69-80
    Non-typhoid Salmonella spp. are recognized as one of the major food-borne pathogens with more than 2500 serotypes worldwide. This survey was done to determine Salmonella infection among broiler flocks in Mazandaran and Gilan Provinces, as among the most important poultry production centers in Iran. Thirty-five Salmonella isolates were recovered by standard bacteriological methods from 13310 manure samples (1331 pooled samples) collected from 126 broiler houses in different ages. Slide agglutination tests were performed using Salmonella somatic O poly antisera form each of A to E antisera. The occurrence rate of infection was 26% among 126 houses. It was found that 17 (48.57%) and 18 (51.43%) isolates belonged to groups D and C, respectively. The occurrence and the level of antimicrobial resistance patterns in 35 Salmonella isolates were also determined. Thirty-two different patterns of resistance were found among 35 isolates. The highest resistance was observed to erythromycin, vancomycin, clindamycin, penicillin, doxycycline, colistin, oxytetracycline, carbenicillin, furazolidone and tetracycline. The highest percentage of sensitivity (100%) was found to ceftriaxon, danofloxacin, levofloxacin, imipenem, ofloxacin, cefazolin and amoxicillin. All isolates were found to be multi-resistance. In the other words, all isolates were resistant against one to three antimicrobials tested. The high prevalence of multidrug resistance found in this study may be attributed to widespread usage of antimicrobial agents in domestic animals especially poultry industry in Iran. There is a serious implication for public health by transmitting resistant bacteria to human via food chain.
    Keywords: Salmonella, Drug resistance, Serogroup, Broiler, Mazandaran, Gilan
  • Rahimi A. ¹*, Zamani, moghadam A. K.², Shoshtari A. H.³ Pages 81-87
    Evolution and formation of IBV’s new serotypes Bare continuously in processing that every year cause a lot of economic loses in poultry industries, so rapid and accurate determination test is critical in order to choose and develop suitable vaccines for controlling of this disease in every region as an important and determinative principle. Despite vaccination against IBD, this disease is one of the economical important disease in the poultry industry that every year cause a lot of economic loses and despite vaccination also it happens. Specimens of trachea and lungs were taken from 40 suspected flock with respiratory problems collected from chicken farms in Fars and Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Provinces. Samples were tested by Chicken Red Blood Cell Hem-agglutination and negative samples selected for determining Infectious bronchitis viruses by RT-PCR test. Then PCR product was purred by "High pure PCR product purification Kit" Germany (Roche) company has been sent to sequencing a piece with 464 nucleotide base pair. Sequences checked and corrected by MEGA 7 program. Phylogenetic analysis was made by MEGA 7 program using sequencing and National Center for Biotechnology Information. This study results show the majority of flocks infected by variant 2 (75% samples), then mass type (16.6% samples) and finally (8% samples) were H120 vaccine- like isolates. So in according to difference in dominant serotypes in this study with market place vaccines could not create cross immune therefore need to develop new vaccines.
    Keywords: Infectious bronchitis, S1 sequencing, Infectious bronchitis isolates, RT-PCR, IranInfectious bronchitis, variant 2
  • Raisi A. *, Sharifi S., Davoodi F., Afshar S. , Taheri S., Yousefian E. Pages 89-95
    Various chemical substances are used as anesthetic agents in fish farms and research centers. The aim of this study was to evaluation sedation and anesthesia effects of Dianthus (Syzygium aromaticum), Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) and Lavender (lavandula officinalis) plants on Astronatus ocellatus fish by immersion technique. For this purpose, 30 fish with an average size of 6±0.5 centimeters were selected and divided in three groups. Dianthus in a 0.3 g/l, Valerian in a 1.8 ml/l and Lavender in a 1.8 ml/l concentration were used. Anesthesia onset, duration and recovery time were recorded separately for each group. Valerian extract had no anesthesia effects on fish and only occasioned their sedation. Dianthus and lavender caused anesthesia that anesthesia times in dianthus was shorter than lavender. But only anesthesia duration time with lavander in comparison with dianthus was significantly (P<0.05). Yet, there is no report about using lavender as an anaesthetic in fish.In this study Lavender was used because of its sedative and analgesic effects.It can be used in fish anesthesia because of good induction and anesthesia time, accessibility and suitable price.
    Keywords: Anesthesia, Lavender, Dianthus, Valerian, Fish
  • Rahnama R.*, Peyghan R., Seyfi Abad Shapouri M.R., Rezaie A., Shahbazian N Pages 97-108
    Septicemia viral disease (VHS) is one of the most important diseases of fish that has recently been developed in Iran and has caused severe damage to breeders. In order to identify the possible cause of the losses, farmed fish were sampled from epicenter where massive mortalities and economic losses had been occurred. Samples were collected from relevant tissues (i.e. liver, kidney, spleen, heart, and brain) of rainbow trout with clinical signs of VHS disease. The samples were stored in 70% ethanol, to perform RT-PCR. Then, recombinant plasmids were tested for protein expression in E. coli Rosetta strain. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated the production of a recombinant protein with an expected molecular weight of 61KDa. Thereafter, the recombinant protein was purified by amylose resin and its antigenicity was accessed by immunoblotting using a mouse polyclonal serum prepared against MBP protein. Positive reaction of the expressed protein with anti-MBP protein indicated that the expressed N protein possess antigenic epitopes and could be applied in future immunological studies.
    Keywords: Nucleocapsid Recombinant protein, viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS), Rainbow trout
  • Mikaeili E.*, Kafilzadeh F., Chaharaein B., Khamisabadi H., Kiani A. Pages 109-120
    This study aims to determine the effect of vitamin E alone and Se+ vitamin E supplement on ewes at the last stage of gestation on serum Se, Cu, Zn and Fe status of ewes and their lambs. Sixty fat tail ewes were randomly assigned to three treatment groups. Four and two weeks before expected lambing, ewes were injected intramuscularly 0 ml (C) 10 ml vitamin E (T1), 10 ml (T2) selenium and vitamin E respectively. Blood samples were collected from ewes 4 weeks before expected lambing time and on the day of lambing. Blood samples of their lambs were taken from the jugular vein at birth and on 7 days post perturaf. Selenium, Cu, Zn and Fe concentrations of serum and colostrum were measured. The results indicated that the colostrum and serum concentration of Se increased in T2 compared with the others (P<0.05). The colostrum and serum Cu concentrations were significantly increased in T2 ewes and their lambs (P<0.05). The colostrum and serum Zn and Fe concentration of ewes were not affected by supplement(P>0.05). The serum concentration of Cu increased in T2, which was concomitant with a reduction in Zn concentration in serum and colostrums. It seems that an increase in serum concentration of Cu at the end of pregnancy in ewes given Se supplement could disturb the Zn: Cu ratios which in turn lead to Zn reduction. There was a positive effect between serum Se concentration with Cu and also a negative effect between Se and Zn in treated ewes.
    Keywords: Selenium, Colostrum, Mineral, Ewe, Vitamin E
  • Moazed H., Pourmahdi Borujeni M.*, Haji Hajikolaei M. R., Seyfi Abad Shapouri M. R. Pages 121-128
    Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) is a viral disease of goats, which caused by a Lentivirus and characterized by symptoms such as arthritis, pneumonia, mastitis and encephalitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of caprine arthritis encephalitis infection and association of this infection with host and environmental determinants in goat in Khuzestan Province. Serum samples were randomly collected from 368 goats in Shoushtar, Izeh, Dezfool, Susangerd, Hendijan and Ahvaz cities and were examined by ELISA assay. Seroprevalence rate caprine arthritis encephalitis was 14.67% (95% CI. 11.06-18.28%). Logistic regression showed that the odds of infection between age based on year and infection is 1.11 (95% CL: 0.93-1.31) (P>0.05). The odds of infection in male goats 1.42 (95% CI: 0.51- 3.95) compared to that in females (P>0.05) and 0.2% of fluctuation in infection was justified by sexuality. In comparison to goats with history of abortion, the odds of infection in goats without a history of abortion was 1.48 (95% CI: 0.6-3.66) and 0.4% fluctuation in infection was justified by this factor. Relative frequency of infection in Shoushtar, Izeh, Dezfool, Susangerd, Hendijan and Ahvaz, were 31.67%, 21.31%, 15%, 12%, 8.75%, 3.9% respectively (P<0.01) and 11.8% of fluctuation in infection was justified by geographical location. This study confirms the presence of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus in the goat herds in Khuzestan Province, so, prevention and control programs should be considered by health authorities and livestock owners.
    Keywords: Prevalence, Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus, ELISA, Goat, Khuzestan