فصلنامه مددکاری اجتماعی
سال هفتم شماره 25 (پاییز 1397)

Depressed female students suffer many problems such as social anxiety and poor communication skills. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of positive directed mindfulness therapy(PDMT), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy(MBCT) and cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT) on social anxiety and communication skills of female students with depression. This was a semi-experimental study with pretest and posttest stages which applied on four groups. Based on criteria of entry and exit; from three-hundred, lower secondary school depressed female students in Nain 2017; sixty persons were selected and randomly assigned in three therapeutic and a control groups; fifteen people per groups. For measuring the dependent variables; social anxiety and communication skills questionnaires where applied in the pretest and posttest stages. Three groups of positive directed mindfulness therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy received twelve sessions of therapy; while the control group did not receive any. Then data were analyzed by analysis of multivariate analysis of covariance.  After controlling four groups with pretest; the results of posttest showed that there is a significant difference in social anxiety and communication skills of the positively directed mindfulness, mindfulness-based cognitive, and cognitive-behavioral therapy groups and the control group.(p<0.001) Also, there is a significant difference between positive directed mindfulness therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy with cognitive-behavioral therapy in communication skills.  The findings of this research showed that positive directed mindfulness therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy are an effective treatment to decrease social anxiety and increase of communication skills of female students with depression. However positive directed mindfulness therapy can be used to reduce the social anxiety of these students more than other therapies.

With the increasing rate of divorce, remarriage has become common. It also has less satisfaction and stability than the first marriage. Therefore, due to the lack of enough knowledge in this area, the present study was conducted to study the quality of remarriage and providing a conceptual model for it.   This was a qualitative research study, and it was performed using the grounded theory method. The sample consisted of all couples living in Tehran whom at least one of the spouses was remarried for the second time or more, and their first marriage was terminated due to divorce. From whom, twenty people were selected by a targeted snowball sampling method. The semi-structured interview used as the research tool. Finally, data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin coding techniques. According to the results, “priority misalliance” is the main factor which determined the remarriage quality, and its severity defined by individual(attitudes and expectations, emotional insecurity, remarriage readiness, and addiction), contextual(sociocultural factors and demographic characteristics) and the intervening factors related to the previous marriage(ex-spouse, stepchildren, and length of previous marriage). Strategies used to deal with conflicts caused by priority misalliance determine the satisfaction level and quality of remarriage. The results of this research emphasize the importance of preventive and educational measures in the quality of remarriage. Therefore, designing communication preparation and enrichment programs for those who want to remarry, to enhance communication skill and identify potential challenges, and adopt effective strategies in facing those challenges, can play an important role in increasing the quality of remarriage.

According to the purpose, function, and necessity of schools, one of the issues that can interfere with the operation of the educational institutions and prevented them from reaching their goals is academic dishonesty. This study aimed to provide the causal model of academic dishonesty based on perceptions climate emotional and flexibility of family with the mediating role of academic self-efficacy.  This study was descriptive and correlational. Statistical population includes all upper secondary girl students in khorramabad city that 9981 was of through the rules of thumb kline the sample size of 240 person determination and through stratified random sampling method were selected. To collect the required data from questionnaires family emotional climate of Hill Berne (1964), Family flexibility shakeri (1382), Morgan and Jinks academic self-efficacy (1999) and academic cheating aliverdini, janalizade & amrani (1394) was used. The correlation matrix, path analysis and Goodness of Fit Index with use of software Lisrel 8.5 was used for data analysis. The results of path analysis showed that perceptions of family emotional climate on academic self-efficacy and academic cheating direct impact and with self-efficacy mediation indirect impact but family flexibility on self-efficacy has direct effect and with mediated by self-efficacy indirect effect academic cheating had. Also academic self-efficacy has direct effect on academic cheating. The results of the direct effect perceptions of family emotional climate on academic self-efficacy and academic cheating and the mediating role of self-efficacy in structural relationship between perceptions of perceptions climate emotional and flexibility of family with students' academic cheating provides support.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality traits and psychological capital through the mediation of body language. This was a descriptive/correlational method study. The statistical population consisted of all eight-teen thousands students of the Islamic Azad university of Kerman. Three hundred eighty people were selected by simple random sampling method. The sixty-item questionnaire of personality characteristics of McCary and Kasta1990, the twenty-four-item questionnaire of psychological capital of Luttens2007 and a ten-item researcher-made questionnaire about body language were applied as measurement tools.The validity of the questionnaires was content and their reliability was proved by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as path and regression analyses have been used to analyze data. The results of the path analysis showed that body language could play a role in the relationship between student personality traits and psychological capital. Path analysis showed that direct relationships were significant at the level of 0.001 and indirect relationships were significant at the level of P <0.05. According to the CFI index the degree of fit was 0.96 which indicates a good fit for the model. Formation and continuation of interpersonal relationships In addition to psychological factors and in line with personality traits could be done by non-verbal messages through the body language in communication which plays an important role in social interactions. Obviously, the study of such concepts can help to integrate the individuals' growth and dynamism and organize their personality. The personality that underlies the person's interaction and adaptability with others and the social environment.

Resilience, as a positive psychological construct, has gained significance in psychological research. The main goal of the current study is to identify the role of individual and contextual characteristics in predicting resilience among child/teens living at family-like community centers. This study is cross-sectional-descriptive with the correlational method. The participants of this study included a hundred and forty boys and girls between age nine to eighteen who lives in family-like community centers, who were selected through simple random sampling method. In order to collect data, resilience scales of children and adolescents (RSCA), inventory of peer attachment (IPA), area-specific self-esteem scale, Raven progressive matrices, and a researcher-made questionnaires were used. The collected data were analyzed using regression and correlation tests. The results revealed that the variables of peer attachment and self-esteem were positive predictors and the variables of age and the length of prior living with the mother were negative predictors for resilience among children and teenagers at family-like community centers. Conversely, the variables of age and the length of prior living with the mother were positive predictors, and the variables of peer attachment and self-esteem were negative predictors of vulnerability among children and teenagers at family-like community centers. The results of the current study, besides enriching the theoretical discussions in the field of resilience, with the identification of individual and contextual characteristics which can be predictors of resilience among children and adolescents at family-like community centers; could provide practical proceedings for such centers.

 The aim of this research was to determine the level of male students awareness about puberty changes and their relationship  with the attitude towards social harm.   In this research, a descriptive/correlational method was used. The statistical population of this research was lower secondary school boy students, from whom, one hundred fifty-two of them were selected by stratified sampling method. Awareness about puberty changes measured by a researcher-made questionnaire and attitude toward social harm by Aghayee and Timur Tasch questionnaire. The validity and reliability of these two questionnaires were approved by the researchers. The reliability coefficient of the awareness about the puberty changes and the attitude towards social harm questionnaires were 0.85 and 0.80 respectively. T-test, analysis of variance, Chi-square and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. There was a significant difference between students’ awareness based on age and job of their parents, father’s literacy, family economic status and type of life. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that all subscales of awareness about puberty changes have a significant correlation with social harm attitudes. That means increasing awareness about puberty changes decreases their attitude toward social harms. According to the results of this study because students’ awareness about puberty changes improves the physical health of adolescents, and prevents future social harm; receiving adequate training about these changes is a must.