فصلنامه مدیریت سازمان های دولتی
سال هفتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 26، بهار 1398)

Intimacy at workplace can be regarded as a relation, interaction, and making communication through sharing work needs with other employees so that they can reach to a deep understanding and sensitivity towards work problems. This study was done with the aim of understanding the process of forming organizational intimacy. Research method was a qualitative method based on grounded theory. In order to gathering data, semi-structured interviews were applied. Strauss and Corbin method and also paradigm model were used to analyzing data. Population of present study consisted from organizational and management experts. Sampling of study was done through meaningful snowball sampling way based on which 17 interviews with organizational and management experts were implemented. Results of these interviews was a body of basic themes gathered through open coding process, out of which some categories were extracted. At axial coding stage, the link between categories was established and subsequently selective coding stage was implemented. During this study, causal conditions of organizational intimacy were categorized into organizational justice factors, employees' welfare, work independency, optimism, mutual recognition, promotion, and individual characteristics. Empathy and sympathy were mentioned at core category or phenomenon. Identified codes for interfering factors included participation and performance evaluation system. Positive outcome was employees' satisfaction and negative one was lack of taking responsibilities.

Abstract Research in the social sciences, given the complex nature of the issues, requires the use of methods that can identify the various dimensions of phenomenons by using systematic approach and provide a basis for decision making by providing consistent and reliable axes. In recent years, the GABEK method has been able to provide researchers with a powerful tool by providing a framework for structuring data. Accordingly, in this study, while introducing the mentioned method, by presenting a sample in the country, its dimensions are examined. Accordingly, a study was designed to provide a framework for inter-organizational cooperation. The required information was obtained from semi-structured interviews with 17 public and private sector experts. The results of the study showed that GABEK method is an applied tool for analyzing and presenting qualitative data. The final results of the study model were also presented in the form of a Gestalt tree, in which the elements are divided into four categories: Requirements for the front-end phases, cooperation Formation, Inter-organizational cooperation Results and cooperation Barrier.

The challenges facing educational institutions, especially nonprofit higher education institutions, are to earn money to meet their goals. Student withdrawal is in the opposite direction. By identifying students as opt-outs, preventive and supportive policies can be anticipated to prevent a reduction in the image and hopes to attract revenues. This research is aimed at identifying students at risk by using the Data Mining Data of the Student attention Center of Payame Noor University of Tehran during the years 91-94. Data were extracted from the education system. Of the 20 potentially effective attributes, a 92% accuracy model was identified. In the model, six independent characteristics (age, group, grade, probation, and gender) and an associated attribute (term) were identified and subsequently the degree of importance of the attributes involved in the withdrawal and their relationship with each other was determined. Risk of withdrawal (risk of attention) and risk ranking table for different terms were presented. Findings indicate that age is the most important factor. From a Sunni point of view, the bachelor degree is between the ages of 21-18 in the senior age group of 26-22 and the PhDs 31 to 29 in the most risky groups. In terms of academic and postgraduate degrees, they are the most risky period in the formal and continuing education programs of the research course. attention rates for students aged 19 and 20 are about 50% in the third semester.

The purpose of this study is to provide a model of trust building process in the country's relief network considering the importance of establishing trust in the supply chain of humanitarian services as well as theoretical poverty in the field of trust building. To perform this study, three major recent events in Tehran province have been selected as a case study. Due to the lack of qualitative research in the field of trust building, using the grounded Theory, 2015 version of Corbin and Strauss, the model of trust building process in the relief network is designed and edited based on interview with 8 experts and members involved in the relief network. Given the importance of establishing trust between the members present in the relief network and the lack of a comprehensive model in this area, the present study aims to design a trust building model among members of the relief network and to examine the critical role of trust in the successful relief process and its reflection.The research findings are classified in three phases of conditions, actions and outcomes. The weak structures of the society and the community management system are a major obstacle to building trust. And insufficient funding, lack of certainty, unsuccessful performance, lack of coordination and cooperation between responsible groups and lack of preparation are the main sources of distrust. The most important finding of this research is the lack of trust in the humanitarian supply chain due to the reliance on public assistance.

The importance of citizens’ perception and attitude toward state’s performance needs broad studies in this field. Various studies are conducted on citizens’ perception and attitude toward state, most of them have considered inefficiency of the state. A few studies addressed negative perceptions and attitudes toward public section while not related to state’s inefficiency. Present descriptive – correlational paper aims at studying the relationship between bureauphobia and Perceived national resilience. To this end, by surveying the citizens through a questionnaire, the phenomenon of bureauphobia and Perceived national resilience was identified. Then the relations between both variables were investigated. Research population consists of all 18 – 70 year-old citizens who had gone to public organizations at least one time in past year to receive services. Data was analyzed by drawing table and Chi2 test. The results suggest that distrust to states and employees in public section are not only related to the performance of public services and 31 percent of respondents have bureauphobia. Likewise, 31 percent of respondents had negative Perceived national resilience on threats. Finally, findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between Perceived national resilience and bureauphobia.

The present study aims to analysis of the effect of spiritual leadership on organizational performance through organizational identity. By reviewing the research literature, 26 components of spiritual leadership and 18 components of organizational identity were identified as factors affecting organizational performance and then was designed the conceptual framework of the research. Through survey and referring to the statistical sample of 265 managers and experts of the Social Security Organization of East Azerbaijan province, the required data were collected using a questionnaire. The conceptual framework was presented and validation by collecting empirical data and structural equation modeling. Investigating the models of measurement and analysis of factor loads showed that the components of spiritual leadership had the most impact on organizational performance. Also, studying structural model of research and path analysis revealed that there is a strong correlation between spiritual leadership variables with organizational identity and spiritual leadership. The simultaneous analysis of factors influencing organizational performance by structural equation method showed that the components of "spiritual leadership" had the greatest impact on organizational performance. The results of the analysis of path coefficients and the values of the coefficient of determination of R2 showed that the "spiritual leadership" variable directly explained 79.3% of the changes related to the variable "organizational performance". Also, "spiritual leadership" indirectly affects the variable "organizational performance" by means of an intermediate variable "organizational identity" of 34 percent.

Social accountability of public agencies is one of the requirements of public governance in the country. This kind of accountability is responding to social groups. The purpose of this study is to develop a framework for establishing social accountability in Iranian public sector organizations based on grounded theory. The statistical population of this research includes experts who have sufficient knowledge and practical experience in the field of social accountability. According to the research framework, a semi-structured method based on Atlas ta software has been used to collect the required data. After analyzing the text of the interviews, the dimensions of social accountability and causal, mediator and moderator variables were identified to develop a final framework. Research findings show that international requirements, the type of organizational mission, organizational culture, legal requirements, organizational reputation and public maturity of society are key factors influencing the establishment of social accountability in public agencies. Meanwhile, the outcomes of establishing social accountability in public agencies are an increase in public trust, public satisfaction, and comunity growth and excellence.

The present paper seeks to identify the dimensions and components (elements and concepts) and determine the relationship between the dimensions and components of economic policies, and ultimately to design a model for assessing economic policies adopted by the Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran, including the seventh, eighth and Ninth (1393-1383). The method of research is based on the qualitative method, the data theory of the foundation. Also, interviews with 16 experts from the legislature in the Islamic Consultative Assembly were conducted with deep snowball sampling. After coding the open, axial and selective data of the collected data, 159 primary concepts, 45 sub categories and 8 main categories were extracted. The final outcome of this study is the design of a 5-dimensional model, with its five dimensions in the form of four pillars, inputs, process components and classified products. The findings of this study indicate the domination of the political climate of the country over the policy environment, the rule of politics on the economy, followed by the confrontational legislative, administrative, and administrative aspects with the institutional, structural and cultural challenges in the policy making process. It is therefore proposed that legislators emphasize national interests by adopting a subjective approach and avoiding the involvement of political approaches in the policy-making process. Also, in order to align the policies with the upstream documents, it is essential to form special committees in Parliament.

In our country, various groups, called councils, are developing public policies in line with the country's development and excellence. However, the literature on public policy, about how these councils can improve the effectiveness of their policymaking, is limit. In this research, with emphasis on the concern to improving public policies, the factors affecting the success of the council policy-making have been identified. In this qualitative study, the Supreme Administration council has been selected as the case study. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 15 administration experts and members of the Supreme Administration council who participated in formulate of the public policies. then we reviewed the existing documents and by using content analysis which is a qualitative method three main themes and 12 sub-themes were identified which include three general categories of content factors (Objective goals, stability in the patterns and theoretical foundations, The balance between the four dimensions of rationality, the common understanding of the problem), process factors (complete and transparent process, shared leadership, evidence-based policy making, the creation of appropriate Mechanisms for legitimization), and individual factors (Avoiding intra-group bias, Systematic approach, competence and merit of the members, Avoiding organizational bias).

In this research, we try to identify the barriers of employee performance evaluation system considering the current status of Qazvin Post Office as well as its position in providing customer service. In order to identify the obstacles, the background of the research and then the current status of the post office were investigated and the content analysis method was used for analyzing the data and for screening the content validity rate. In this research, the data collection method was using the background and interview with experts and experts of Qazvin Post Office. For extraction of barriers, open and axial coding was used and finally, validation was done by content validity rate and by distributing questionnaires and interviewing 14 experts in the post office. The preliminary findings of the study showed that 50 barriers were identified and in the next step the axial coding was reduced to 20. In terms of the content validity rate, 30 obstacles with a rate of validity of less than 51 were rejected. The results showed that the following barriers with the highest rate of validity were identified as the main obstacles: lack of customer feedback in the evaluation score, lack of access to all customers in the survey, accuracy and bias of the evaluator, evaluation of all employees with each grade in a category, Lack of employee attention to evaluation score, one-step evaluation, lack of familiarity of evaluators with appropriate methods of evaluation