فهرست مطالب

Future Natural Products - Volume:4 Issue: 4, Autumn 2018

Future Natural Products
Volume:4 Issue: 4, Autumn 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/09/10
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
|
  • Oyepata Joseph *, Jude Okokon, Opeyemi Joseph Pages 1-11
    Background and aims
    Homalium letestui Pellegr (Flacourtiaceae) is used traditionally by the Yorubas of Western Nigeria as an antidote and by the Ibibios of Southern Nigeria to treat stomach ulcer, malaria and other inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the hepatoprotective effects of ethanol extract of H. letestui stem (250-750 mg/kg) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in rats.
    Methods
    A total of 36 rats were divided into six groups of 6 animals each. Group 1 was administered with normal saline (10 ml/kg) for eight days, group 2 received CCl4, group 3 served as the standard group, while groups 4, 5 and 6 were administered p.o with 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg of H. letestui stem extract, respectively, for 8 days. Liver function and histopathological parameters were investigatesd to assess hepatoprotective activity of the extract.
    Results
    Administration of the stem extract (250-750 mg/kg body weight) caused significant (P
    Conclusions
    The plant may provide protection against substances that react with membrane lipids to induce peroxidation and subsequent dysfunction of membranes by acting as an effective scavenger of reactive oxygen species. This positive effect may be similar to the established effects of certain substances such as silymarin, vitamin E, vitamin C and other free radical scavengers that reduce the toxic effects of CCl4, especially on the liver.
    Keywords: Homalium letestui, Hepatoprotective, Rat
  • Elham Hatami *, Esfandyar Jahantab Pages 12-22
    Background and aims
     The current paper aimed to collect and document the information about medicinal plants of Boyer Ahmad and Dena regions and their applications by indigenous inhabitants.
    Methods
     The field surveys were carried out from March 2015 to September 2016 under supervision of local people. Collected plant specimens were identified to species level using Flora of Iran and Flora Iranica. Subsequently, information including scientific names, local names, parts used, method of preparation, medicinal effects, growth forms, and chorotypes for 71 species were recorded.
    Results
     Medicinal plants belonged to 62 genera and 29 families. Apiaceae (14.08%) and Lamiaceae (14.08%) had the most number of species among other families. Based on Raunkier method, hemicryptophytes with 42.25% is the highest growth form and the most common chorotype was Irano-Turanian type (70.42%). The most used parts are aerial parts (40/85%),‎ and the most common mode of preparation was infusion (24%). The results of this study indicate that local people in Boyer Ahmad and Dena regions have used all collected plants for medicinal, food and sanitary purposes and their knowledge about identification of plants and their habitats, medicinal and edible properties is extensive.
    Conclusions
     Native knowledge leads to obtaining valuable information including medicinal properties of plants, usable parts, time of growth, best time for harvesting and areas which have growing potential. Therefore, it is vital to investigate the native knowledge about medicinal plants in various regions of Iran.
    Keywords: Ethnobotanical study, Medicinal plants, Dena, Boyer Ahmad region
  • Rasoul Barzegar *, Hamid Reza Safaei, Maryam Sadat Masoumzadeh Pages 23-32
    Background and aims
     In present study, chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Zygophyllum Qatarense Hadidi (ZQ) leaf extract were investigated. This study is the first report of evaluation and identification constituent of ZQ leaf that grown in Iran.
    Methods
    Phenolic compounds of methanolic extract of ZQ leaf were identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-DAD instrument (HPLC-DAD) and antibacterial activities of this plant against Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus epidermidis were evaluated by disk diffusion method, MIC and MBC methods
    Results
     The results showed that this plant contains chlorogenic acid, sinapic acid, caffeic acid, catachin, trans-ferulic acid and rosmarinic acid. The caffeic acid, catachin and rosmarinic acid are significant compound. The results showed methanolic extracts of ZQ leaf have a good potential against K. pneumonia and S. epidermidis.
    Conclusion
     ZQ has a wide range of biological properties and can be used in different industries such as pharmaceutical and food production.
    Keywords: Zygophyllum Qatarense Hadidi (ZQ), Antibacterial activity, Phenolic compounds, HPLC-DAD, Persian Gulf
  • Khadijeh Rezaie.Keikhaie, Gholamreza Bagheri, Saeide Saeidi, Mehdi Hassanshahian * Pages 33-39
    Background and aims
     The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of zinc oxide nanoparticale and extract of Solanum nigrum on Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria isolated from clinical specimens.
    Methods
     Zinc oxide was purchased from the market. 20g of the dried and pounded leaves of S. nigrum was used and its extract was prepared in rotary device. 12 isolates of P. aeruginosa were isolated from referred patients to hospital Zabol. Finally, 12 isolates were used to growth inhibitory activity assay. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Zinc oxide and extract plant against P.aeruginosa were evaluated using micro broth dilution method.
    Results
    The highest inhibitory concentration for P. aeruginosa is 1500 μg/ml, with four bacterial strains being inoculated. Also, the results showed that the highest drainage concentration was 3000 μg/ml, which two strains were inhibited in this concentration and the lowest trap concentration was 93 μg/ml. The lowest inhibitory concentration of extract plant was 0.62 mg / ml, with only one strain being inhibited in this concentration. The highest inhibitory concentration for P. aeruginosa is 40 mg / ml, with four bacterial strains being inoculated.
    Conclusion
    The results showed that zinc oxide and extract of Solanum nigrum have a good antimicrobial activity on the bacterium and increases the concentration of antimicrobial activity.
    Keywords: Zinc oxide nanoparticles, Solanum nigrum, Antimicrobial activity, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Oluwafemi Amusa*, Oluwole Eleyowo Pages 40-58
    Background and aims

    Herbal medicine is of great importance to man and has been increasingly acceptable worldwide during the last decades as the main form of health care. With this increase, the safety of its products have become a major concern in public health. Hence, the study was aimed to elucidate the reasons for its increased patronage and ascertain the safety of the commonly preferred herbal medicinal product in Lagos State.

    Methods

    Questionnaires were administered to 200 herbal users randomly selected among the populace of Lagos State. Microbial load and heavy metal analysis were evaluated on 15 most preferred herbal medicinal products for safety evaluation. Results were then compared with WHO permissive limits.

    Results

    Natural nature (48.5%), effectiveness (17.6%) and affordability (10.3%) were cited as the major reason for the increased preference for herbal medicinal products. These were supported by family (32%) and media (22%) influences. Microbial load of the 15 most preferred herbal medicinal products evaluated were below WHO permissive level while some of them had cadmium, nickel and zinc beyond WHO permissive level. Baccillus</em> sp. was observed to be the predominant bacteria (100%) while Aspergillus niger</em> was the highest observed fungi (33.33%) among sampled products.

    Conclusion

    The study revealed that although, the herbal products evaluated in the study had low microbial loads, the presence of cadmium, nickel and zinc beyond permissible limits constitute a major toxic concern to the users.

    Keywords: Herbal medicine, Heavy metals, Microbial load
  • Bamidele V Owoyele *, Aderayo V Ibiyemi, Mosunmola B Oyeleke Pages 59-70

    This study investigated the anti-arthritic effects of lime juice (LJ) and lime juice with maize husk extract (LJMHE) in Wistar rats. Arthritis was produced by formaldehyde model after the commencement of oral administration of LJ (2.5ml/kg and 5ml/kg), LJMHE (5ml/kg, 50mg/kg), vitamin C (ViC) (100mg/kg), saline (0.1ml) and indomethacin (5mg/kg/day). All administrations were given orally for 10 days. Daily changes in paw sizes were measured for 10 days. Serum urea (BUN), ferritin (SF), serum creatinine (SC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were also measured. The results showed that LJ, LJMHE and indomethacin produced consecutive reductions (p<0.05) in paw sizes from the 5th - 10th day. LJ and LJMHE performed better than Indomethacin while ViC did not produce any significant reduction in paw size. Likewise, LJ, LJMHE and ViC increased (p<0.05) BUN and reduced the serum concentration of CRP. There were no significant changes in the SF in groups treated with LJ (2.5mg/Kg) LJMHE and Indomethacin compared with control group (13.80 ± 0.60) whereas SF was increased in the groups treated with LJ (5mg/Kg) and ViC (21.12 ± 0.78 and 22.38 ± 0.10 ng/ml respectively). The study established the anti-arthritic effect of Lime Juice and Lime Juice with Maize Husk Extract which might be via the inhibition of CRP.

    Keywords: Arthritis, Citrus aurantifolia, Inflammation, Maize husk