فصلنامه راهبرد اجتماعی فرهنگی
پیاپی 28 (پاییز 1397)

This paper is a cultural analysis of fear as a cultural problem in contemporary Iran. This research intends to de-familiarize the function and situation of fear in the processes of Iranian contemporary modernization and change. This paper examines the question of: how do modernizations processes consisting of urbanization, nationalization, bureaucratization, and technologization can impacted on the experience of fear in contemporary Iran. Here we diagnose three patterns of fear as structural fear in contemporary Iran including the historical, mythological and tribal fears as the residual pattern, and finally the urban, political and technological fears as the dominant pattern, and the cultural, mediatized and digital fears as the emergent pattern. This study has been done according to a cultural problemology approach that was developed by the writers of this paper; which is a combination of Foucault's genealogy and Raymond William's critical theory of mechanism of cultural change. The data used in this study are collected from the existing researches on insecurity in Iran. A secondary analysis method was implemented to analyze the data. To do so, first we gathered research texts and according to our theoretical and research aims we examined and analyzed them. This study shows fear is a pervasive social phenomenon in contemporary Iran. It differs from fear in pre-modern Iranian society. Here we deal with some modern types of fear such as gender related fears, urban fears, media fears, and global fears. Also, this study shows that there is a significant difference between Iranian real experiences of fear from their feeling of fear.

Finding the community of justice, have been forever aspirations and dreams of all the thinkers, justice scholars, and freedom seekers of history. Imam Ali’s justice-oriented government is the mirror of the whole form of the manifestation of justice, and the realization of the Alawite justice community depends on identifying and explaining the components of the educational model that is the basis of the practical cultivation of citizens. Because the community of justice will not be realized except with people's conscious passion and participation. In this article, with an emphasis on the educational practices of Nahjul-Balaghah, a model for explaining citizenship is presented. The educational model is based on the specifications of the Alawite right oriented government. In order to provide data tailored to the field, the qualitative method and the strategy of grounded theory are used. For data analysis, open, selective, and axial coding has been used. During the three stages of data analysis, 426 concepts, 55 subcategories, and 15 general categories were presented in the form of a paradigmatic model after applying expert opinion. The integration of categories based on the existing relationships among them, around the "development of citizenship capacity development", forms a paradigmatic model that reflects the citizenship education based on the specifications of the Alawi justice-oriented government.

Hermeneutics is a remedy approach for discourse and understanding in confronting with the complex and multi-dimensional concept of development. In this way, the concept of hermeneutical spiral has a basic role in creating shared understanding about development concept. In this article, with exploring thinking trend of theorists about hermeneutical circle and hermeneutical spiral, the implementation method of hermeneutical spiral has been explained, so this method can create a shared understanding in pluralistic and diverse thinking circumstance of development. Next, based on the specification of development concept, hermeneutical spiral has been presented in five stages as an approach for confronting with intellectual discontinuity. Every spiral stage included three parts of pre-understanding, activities and outputs that continually deepen the interpreter understanding. The results of hermeneutical spiral have been interpreted based on three main questions to answer the essential question of research that pursues a kind of shared understanding from development reality.

In recent decades we have experienced an increase in university students’ population that unfortunately presents them with a prevalence of high-risk behaviors and social deviances which is equal to misspending the society’s innovative and constituent potential that needs a lot of expenditures to deal with its undesirable complications. The aim of this study is to clarify frequencies of recognizability, geographical emphases and medicalization analyses on high-risk behaviors of Cigarette, Alcoholic Drinks and Drug Abuse among university students in Iran through a systematic review. The working method is a systematic review of available researches about this kind of high-risk behaviors during 1991 to 2016 via electronic searches in databases like “Elmnet, Irandoc, Magiran, and SID” for quantitative researches with student’s sample. Finally, 49 researches have entered the analysis and have shown an increasing trend of these behaviors among students. In addition, there was prevalence among these provinces: Southern Khorasan, Kermanshah, Kerman, Khuzestan, Tehran, Golestan, Mazandaran, Semnan and Hamedan. Medical and descriptive analyses in Medical universities have been dominating the majority of researches in Iran. So, there is a lack of sociological explanations in this area that we need to survey more accurately and deeply to explain the sociological side of these problems. We need to focus our interventions on remedial and preventative procedures on the provinces with high rates of cigarette, alcoholic and drug abuse among students.

In this paper, while explaining the concept of cultural diplomacy, its current status in Iran with the pathology approach and at the theoretical, legislative, structural, policy, management, program and functional levels have been studied. The method used in this research is a combination method using various tools such as written sources, official and valid sites, deep interviews and a questionnaire to examine the process of discourses of cultural diplomacy of Iran, the current status of cultural diplomacy of Iran And its pathology. The community under study is experts, diplomats and cultural advisers employed by the Islamic Culture and Relations Organization and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods and analyzed using SPSS 20 and LISREL 8.5 software. Using SWOT analysis model, the current status of cultural diplomacy in Iran has been investigated. The result of the analysis of the internal and external environment of cultural diplomacy shows that Iran is in the position of a conservative strategy, and it is necessary to strengthen the religious, cultural and historical coexistence, to expand cultural and economic cooperation, to train expert personnel, to review rules, strengthen coordination between different cultural organizations, and support and promote the Persian language teaching institutes & Iranian studies departments abroad.

A famousstatement in public and scientific circles in Iran is that the increase in population leads to poverty and deteriorating living conditions; because the facilities and resources are allocated to more people. After reviewing different theories, this paper studies comparatively, the relationship between population and economic status in various countries. This study is a secondary analysis of published statistics of different countries. At last, based on the empirical analysis, the statement is evaluated.

The article is a national study with the aim of “the Study and evaluating the implementation of the laws of the provincial councils of education and proposing the necessary legal means ". Mix methodology was used in this research (quantitative and qualitative), and composite evaluation was used for evaluation. The statistical population of this study includes 265 members of the provincial education councils, 914 council sessions, meeting reports 93, 163 to 166, and 185 of the Islamic Consultative Assembly and 6 lawyers, and economic report and central bank statute in the years 1371-1374. The method of sampling was random clustering for selected provinces. The method and tools of collecting information was reviewing documents, the reports of meetings, a three-part questionnaire, and interview with legal representatives. The content validity of the questionnaire was obtained through related experts and the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient questionnaire and in 2 stages one in Islamshahr the final stage of implementation of the pilot study at the level of 265 national level and with high reliability (0.988). The collected data were in two parts: descriptive and inferential. The results showed that although the law and the main functions of education were successful and satisfactory in six categories and components, the legal requirements of 4.5, 8, 13, 16 and 18 needed to be further amended. Also, the country's economic conditions, as well as the financial and accountability of education and the administration of the Islamic Consultative Assembly in 1372, have also contributed to the adoption of this law. On the other hand, the presence of authoritative officials and experience in the deliberations of the congresses, the existence of other councils from the status of education were as the most important factor in the success of the council and the manner in which the meetings are held is the main reason for the failure of the council. In this study, 12 major problems with priority for education in the provinces were noted, with the highest level of livelihoods for educators, school and human resources. There is also no difference between the opinions of the councils of education and training in the provinces and the districts and the views of two groups from the perspective of the rules, the law and the performance are evaluated in a satisfactory manner. For the effective implementation of the law, several different suggestions have been made.

The aim of this study is examining the role of documentaries, didactic programs and television graphics in traffic culture of Tehran city. The method of study is quantitative and it belongs to descriptive-survey studies. The study tool in addition to library studies is a researcher-made questionnaire that its reliability is determined by Cronbach’s Alpha 0.84. For determining the data one uses descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results of the study showed that documentaries, didactic programs, and television graphics have a significant effect on traffic culture of Tehran city. In other words, the test of hypotheses has shown that: 1. The broadcasted programs from national media have a significant effect on enhancing the traffic culture of citizens. 2. Trailers and television graphics have a significant effect on increasing the traffic culture of citizens. 3. Broadcasted didactic programs related to traffic have an effective role on change of attitude of the audience regarding the attention to traffic culture. 4. Didactic broadcasted programs from national media have a significant effect on change of behavior of citizens regarding the traffic culture. The amount of presented programs from national media about traffic culture is not sufficient.

The present study aims to "examine the status of generational relationships from the viewpoint of female students aged 20 to 26 years old in Tehran's state universities in 1395". The theoretical framework of the research is based on the ideas of Agborn, Inglehart, Bangstone, Simmel, Bourdieu, Tafler, Reimzman, Giddens, Mead, Mannheim, McLuhan, and Habdieh. The method of this research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. So, first, a qualitative exploratory study with phenomenological approach and background theory was conducted through theoretical sampling and interview technique, and the dimensions of generational relationships were identified in three dimensions: knowledge, attitude, and behavior. Then, by a quantitative method, the effect of independent variables: social factors and cultural factors on the dependent variable of generational relationships through multivariable regression were investigated. The statistical population of the study was 11406 people, of which 382 were gathered by information questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to test the reliability. R Square has been found to be equal to 0.551 which suggests the included variables in the equation have been able to explain 55 % of changes in the dependent variable. The coefficients of the effect of the model explaining the relationship between generations also indicate that among the seven variables entered into the regression equation, 4 variables were "lifestyle, socializing with peer groups, communication and interactions within the family, access to mass media" and lifestyle due to direct and indirect effects with a total coefficient of 0.54, and the relationship and interactions within the family with a total factor of 0.506, show the most impact on the variable of generational relationships. Finally, according to the findings of the research, generational relations were evaluated for generational difference.

The purpose of this study is to show the women's experience of the modernization process in the local community by introducing a retrospective approach to women's status and dignity in the upgrading of modernization. Accordingly, the methodology of qualitative research (semi-structured interview and group discussion) has been used from the interpretative paradigm and the field theory analysis and information gathering tools. The studied population is women in rural and marginal local communities in Lorestan province (Khorramabad, Selsele and Delfan, respectively). Research findings indicate that the process of modernization in the local community is a function of the unbalanced modernization model. So that the most important consequence of this pattern, the uneven results, failure or misplacedness of the modernization project in the local community can be called because the dominant ideologies of modernization have not created a balance of power and have led to conflicting actions of acceptance and rejection. To the extent that local women have interpreted their lives as marginalized and powerless. In addition, their active subjectivity in the sphere of presence in society is conceived as a passive intuition in the form of a consumer culture, and on the other hand, despite the monotonous interpretations of gender inequalities, the interpretations of women in the local community suggest a kind of in-gender gender inequality that points There is a tendency for women to have a certain degree of convergence, since identified types of local women's needs are categorized into three categories of marital, family-oriented, and livelihoods-based on material-livelihoods. In addition, the prevalent narrative of the local community suggests that women's advocacy, adversarial, and sometimes militant movements and efforts in the community, in spite of the achievements that have been made for particular groups (middle and upper), are as satisfying and tailored to the needs. It is not a weak and subconscious stratum of society, because it does not consider this type of follow-up not only in the context of the real demands of the women's society, but also the increase in virtual reality and non-priority demands of a group of women with media, which itself suggests that world scenarios The common women, essentially theatrical Rick political and ethnocentric, imperialistic and are essential.

One of the most influential indicators in security policy in the northwest region is estimation of the status of rule of law interaction with the ethnic groups in the area. This interaction crystallizes in the form of ethnic politics. Ethnic politics can have different dimensions that deals with identity issues that affects this, while the ethnic policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the northwest region (despite the special security conditions in it) has not been subject to scientific analysis and, on the other hand, the impact of these policies as one of the main dimensions of security, which has a direct relationship with identity and ethnic issues has been underestimate therefore the researchers concern was that, firstly, we would examine politics of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the northwest region and secondly, examine the impact of this policy on the social security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. To answer the research question and its assumptions using library resources and analytical-descriptive method, a questionnaire consisting of 19 questions has been prepared. The statistical population of this research consists of 200 officials and security experts based in the northwestern region where 131 of them were selected as the sample size using Cochran’s formula. After distributing and collecting questionnaires the responses were analyzed using SPSS software and the coefficient of validity calculated by Cronbach's alpha (75%) indicates that the questionnaires have a high and acceptable credibility. Finally, after collecting and analyzing the information, it was determined that the policy adopted in the northwest region (Azari region) of the Islamic republic of Iran was unity in its diversity ergo pluralism.

The contemporary era has been called the information age and information explosion, which is associated with turbulent and complex environments. The complexity of inter-organizational and extra-organizational environments has increased the need for information and consequently, information systems. The purpose of the research is to identify and rank barriers to cultural information management at the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance. This is an applied and descriptive research that is used survey method for gathering data. The statistical sample is consisted of 30 experts in the field of cultural management and information management, especially in the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance that are chosen by purposive sampling method. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. Its validity was confirmed by using the content validity method and with the opinion of the supervisors and consultants and several authoritative writers in the field of information management and cultural management after the implementation of limited modifications. To measure the reliability of the instrument, the questionnaire after the distribution of the test was measured through Cronbach's alpha, which was 0.91. In order to analyze inferential, several methods such as single sample T test and Friedman test were used. The results of Friedman test showed that there is a significant difference between the rankings of barriers of cultural information management. On the other hand, "weakness in content management" with an average of 8.46, was the most important obstacle to the management of cultural information in the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance from the viewpoint of respondents.