نشریه بهداشت کار و ارتقای سلامت
سال سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 8، بهار 1398)

Workers' accident-proneness is considered as an inherent and coherent characteristic in incidence of job accidents; therefore, its effective factors should be determined to prevent job accidents. This study recommends use of PLS-MGA in the field of occupational accidents. The present study was carried out to conduct Multi-group analysis of workers in the steel production industry using partial least squares approach. This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 2018. The sample size of the study was calculated as 450 people using the sample size sampling method in structural equation modeling. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and SMARTPLS3. The findings showed the mediating role of stress between accident-proneness and individual and social factors. Moreover, the results of PLS-MGA showed no significant difference between the two groups considering all hypotheses. In other words, all research hypotheses were confirmed in the two groups except the hypothesis over the relationship between individual factors and accident- proneness. The present study indicated that workers of steel industry turned into accident-prone individuals in case of facing intense stress, effort-reward imbalance, and work-family conflict. Therefore, the odds of accidents and unsafe factors increase among them. In this regard, individuals' general health status and work locus of control should be investigated at the time of recruitment, so that only people with high internal locus of control are employed for stressful jobs.

The number of emergency situations is high in petrochemical industry. These situations cause devastating injuries and loss and a lot of time, cost, facilities, and resources are needed to control all of them. Selection and prioritization of emergencies are important to take the corrective actions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective criteria in selection of emergency situations and to provide an approach for prioritization of emergency situations based on the defined criteria in petrochemical industries. This qualitative and applied study was conducted in a petrochemical complex in 2018. The Delphi technique was used to identify and prioritize the appropriate criteria. In the next step, a table was designed to score the emergencies. The most important criteria for selection of hazardous emergencies were the damage severity, probability of occurrence, loss or disruptions in production, spatial context of accident, and social effects. The most important emergencies in the industry included fires and explosions in gas discharging units, chemical storage places, and pressurized equipment containing butadiene. Using this approach, high-priority emergencies were identified. This helps managers to plan control measures, analyze these emergencies, and respond to them in order to prevent crisis.

Nurses are forced to shift work due to the nature of their job. This shiftwork can reduce their sleep time and affects the quality of their performance and work ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sleep quality on the work ability of nurses in Sari hospitals. This cross-sectional study was conducted among Sari hospitals in 2017. Participants included 200 nurses selected by random selection. The Persian version of Pittsburgh’s sleep quality questionnaires and Work Ability Index (WAI) were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation, and linear regression tests were used for statistical tests. The mean±SD age of participants was 33.52 ± 7.22 years. The participants' mean±SD work ability was 37.55 ± 5.50, categorized at the good level. The average sleep quality score was 8.79 ± 3.80. The findings showed a significant and inverse correlation between sleep quality and work ability. This study confirmed that sleep quality had a high effect on nurses' work ability and performance.

The release of storage tanks' contents can lead to consequences such as BLEVE, explosions, fires, etc. Therefore, identifying the causes of content release, determining the scenarios, consequences, and possibility of incidents are required to prevent possible accidents. Moreover, the vulnerability and safety ranges should be determined to minimize the losses. In this research, the Bowtie method was used to evaluate the risk caused by the pressurized reservoirs. After identifying the risks of process hazards and determining the main, middle, and base events, the fault tree was mapped. Then, the events probability was calculated. In the next step, the event tree was designed to determine different scenarios of events and identify the consequences of each incident. Later, the probability of consequences was calculated. The Bowtie diagram was designed in the next step. Finally, the vulnerability zone was determined for each of the consequences using the PHAST software. Considering the Bowtie's analysis, a total of 27 events including 21 base events, six mid events were determined. Furthermore, 15 minimal counts along with their event probabilities and importance were identified. In this regard, nine outcomes and scenarios were determined along with their probabilities. The widest human vulnerability zone was related to cloud and steam explosions. Leakage from the reservoir and connections, overflow, and PRVs are among the important defects of liquefied petroleum gas reservoirs. Considering the high probability of consequences and in order to prevent from the severity and damages of accidents, systems such as cooling system and fire stop system are required in the unit.

The tire industry is a pivot point in the transportation fleet of any country, and Tire is considered as a strategic commodity, and with 15,000 people in the industry, it is one of the most powerful intermediary industries between petrochemicals and automobiles. The purpose of this study is to analyze hazards Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) of the YASA Rubber Industry is based on the combined approach of HEMP and BOW-TIE. The HSE management team identifies risks and assesses the industry's risks. After identifying the level of unacceptable risks in the HEMP, Hierarchical Analyzes (AHP), high risk risks were prioritized, and BOW-TIE software provided control measures and barriers. The findings of the study were that among the identified risks, the high volume of flammable materials, overloading operations with overhead cranes, electricity, load at height and fracturing were very high. The risk of ignition by AHP method was oboidizing these hazards. Patch with the value of 0.50 was the highest. The results of the research indicated that for high risk of the factory, safe and effective control barriers and effective measures for the critical industries in the rubber industry should be carried out in accordance with the standards and procedures.

Petroleum related industries including gas company, is considered as one of the major organizations in Iran. Development of these organizations requires advanced technical equipment, which may lead to higher rates of accidents. The main purpose of this article was to study the moderating effect of the selected demographic factors and personality on the relationship between organizational justice and accidents and near-hits in Isfahan Province Gas Company. The research method was descriptive correlational and the population of the research included all 72 recorded accidents and near-hit in 1390-1394 years. The sample comprised 32 subjects who have still worked in this company. In this research, questionnaires name; organizational justice, personality (NEO), researcher built demographic factors and recorded accident rating were used. The results were analyzed using regression and moderated Analysis. The results showed that living location, kind of job and education have significant relationship with accidents as well as age, job antecedent, education and neurosis moderated relation between organizational justice and accidents (p≤0/05). personality can affect safety. As we know safety affects accidents, so in order to considering accident paying attention to these factors is important.

Small workshops play a great role in creation of the working opportunities, production, and economy of a country. In developing countries, the workers in small workshops are exposed to various health problems. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the workplace harmful factors in small workshops. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The research population included 1553 workshops affiliated to the health centers in Bojnurd, Shirvan, and Esfarayn cities in 2017. The census and face-to-face sampling methods were conducted to collect the needed information. Data collection tool was a workshop visit form. In this study, SPSS version 18 was used to analyze the data. Of the 1,553 workshops, 1383 were domestic and 170 were non- domestic. Of the 2207 employees, 1889 worked in domestic workshops and 318 were employees of non-domestic workshops. Moreover, 15 percent of the workshops had appropriate facilities and 30 percent of the employees were in inappropriate situation. According to the findings, 16 and 10 percent of workers were exposed to harmful chemical agents and physical harmful factors, respectively. In addition, 52 percent of workers used appropriate personal protective equipment. Due to the poor sanitary conditions of the workshops, health centers are recommended to monitor and collect more accurate information on workers' health in small workshops by conducting training programs.

Desirable lighting is of the main factors in educational spaces. It is clear that schools with inadequate lighting cause great musculoskeletal injuries, vision problems, neurological and learning problems in students. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the lighting intensity of elementary schools in Ahvaz city and to compare it with the standard values in 2017. This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among the elementary schools in the eastern area of Ahvaz. A number of classes and halls were selected from each school by cluster sampling method. Then, the intensity of general lighting was measured using a network method. The 1339 Tes brightness measuring instrument was used to measure the general and local illumination. Finally, data were analyzed by Excel software. The results showed that the average brightness intensity was lower than the recommended standard in 75 percent of classes and 62.5 percent of halls. In terms of lighting conditions, girls' schools were more undesirable compared with boys' schools. Moreover, measurement of localized lighting on boards and tables showed that only 12.5 percent of classrooms had a good condition. The inappropriate and faulty sources of lighting systems have led to a non-uniform distribution of lighting in schools. Therefore, in order to improve the level of students' health and learning, lighting systems should be corrected to achieve appropriate illumination in accordance with the standard values in schools.