فهرست مطالب

Analytical Research in Clinical Medicine - Volume:7 Issue: 2, Spring 2019

Journal of Analytical Research in Clinical Medicine
Volume:7 Issue: 2, Spring 2019

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1398/04/13
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
|
  • Nasrin Navaeifar, Ali Tabrizi*, Fatemeh Shirzadi Pages 41-44
    Introduction
    Proximal femoral fractures account for a large number of hospitalization cases among the elderly patients. The proximal femoral fractures pattern based on intra-articular or extra-articular could affect the treatment options and induce several complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the severity of osteoporosis and pattern of proximal femoral fractures among elderly patients.
    Methods
    In this cross-sectional study, 83 patients over than 65 years old were enrolled from 2014 to 2018 in the orthopedic department of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the time of hospitalization. Vitamin D level was also measured. Finally, the mortality rate was determined in 12-month follow-up after the operation.
    Results
    In this study, 83 patients with proximal femoral fractures including 60 cases (72.3%) with extra-articular fractures and 23 cases (27.7%) with intra-articular fractures were investigated. The mean vitamin D level of these two groups [patients with intra-articular fracture (34.4 ± 24.7 nmol/l) and extra-articular fracture (11.3 ± 5.4 nmol/l)] was significantly different (P = 0.020). A significant difference was also observed in the bone densities (based on T-score) of these two groups (P < 0.001). The patients’ mortality rate was significantly different and it was higher in patients with extra-articular fracture (23.0%) compared to those with intra-articular fracture (17.3%) (P = 0.020).
    Conclusion
    In the case of elderly patients, the hip bone density and vitamin D levels play a decisive role in predicting the pattern of proximal femoral fractures. It was also associated with increased mortality among the elderly patients.
    Keywords: Hip Fractures, Bone Mineral Density, Vitamin D, Osteoporosis
  • Hamid Reza Morteza, Bagi, Shabnaz Navabifar, Fariba Abdollahi, Hamideh Nouriasl, Amir Ghaffarzad* Pages 45-51
    Introduction
    Patients with heart diseases who require emergency care need rapid diagnosis and treatment. Medical students are usually among the first individuals to be trained to help these patients in the course of their internship in the treatment chain and have a significant role in reducing mortality and morbidity among patients with heart diseases referred to the emergency ward.
    Methods
    In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in Tabriz, Iran, in 2016, 100 medical students were enrolled in a census course. Knowledge, attitude, and skill of interns toward airway management were evaluated in patients by the students before and after the cardiac internship using a valid and reliable researcher-made self-assessment questionnaire. Data were then analyzed using SPSS software.
    Results
    Although the level of knowledge and skill of the interns before and after the cardiovascular education course was significant (P ≤ 0.001), the knowledge and skill scores were lower than the average before and after the course. There was no significant relationship between the gender of the interns with knowledge, attitude, and skill. There was also no significant relationship between the marital status of the participants and the level of knowledge and skills of the interns. Married people had a more positive attitude toward managing patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) compared others (P = 0.013).
    Conclusion
    The level of knowledge and skills of interns in dealing with cardiac patients, before and after the education of cardiac course was low, requiring more attention to training of students in this field.
    Keywords: Heart Disease, Knowledge, Attitude, Skills, Medical Students
  • Ali Reza Shafiee, Kandjani, Mahasti Alizadeh, Alireza Karimpour, Vazifehkhorani*, Zahra Pahnaei Pages 52-60
    Introduction
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of socioeconomic status and dimensions of mental health with suicidal tendency among students of the University of Tabriz, Iran.
    Methods
    The present descriptive and correlational study was conducted on 900 students of the University of Tabriz in the academic year of 2016-2017. The study tools included the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI), Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), and Socio-Economic Status Questionnaire (SESQ) of Ghodratnama et al.
    Results
    Correlation results showed that depression (r = 0.514, P < 0.01), psychoticism (r = 0.478, P < 0.01), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (r = 0.463, P < 0.01), respectively, had the highest correlation with suicidal ideations. Somatization was also correlated with suicidal ideations (r = 0.231, P < 0.05). Of the components of socioeconomic status, income (r = -0.401, P < 0.01), and the economic class component (r = -0.321, P < 0.05) had the highest correlation coefficients, respectively. Results of regression analysis indicated that the mental health variable predicted suicide in merely 58.6% of people. Moreover, with the addition of the socioeconomic status variable to the equation, both variables predicted an average of 71.6% of the overall suicidal ideations among individuals.
    Conclusion
    Results indicated that mental health difficulties and socioeconomic problems might have a negative impact on the development of suicidal thoughts. Therefore, it is highly recommended that students’ mental health and social/financial problems be taken into consideration by educational managers responsible in universities, a mission that would be included in curriculum plans.
    Keywords: Mental Health, Socioeconomic Status, Suicidal Ideation, Students
  • Carla R. Marchira, Irwan Supriyanto* Pages 61-64
    Introduction
    Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is an important predictor for prognosis in first episode of psychotic disorders. Caregivers often seek help from alternative healers first and health professional later. These would delay proper treatments for the patients, resulting in more severe symptoms and lower functioning on their visit to medical facility. The present study aims to find the association between DUP, symptoms severity, and global functioning in patients with first-episode psychotic disorders.
    Methods
    We identified 100 patients with first episode of psychotic disorders and their caregivers. The instruments used were Brief Psychotic Rating Scale (BPRS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Premorbid Schizoid-Schizotypal Traits (PSST), and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF).
    Results
    There were no significant association between BPRS, PANSS, PSST, and GAF scores and DUP in our subjects. Nevertheless, we found that men had significantly longer DUP compared to women.
    Conclusion
    We found significant association between sex and DUP in this study. Longer DUP leads to delayed treatments and poorer prognosis. Further study is required to confirm our finding.
    Keywords: Psychotic Disorder, Sex, Prognosis
  • Ali Tabrizi*, Ali Aidenlou Pages 65-68
    Introduction
    Avascular necrosis (AVN) is very rare in capitate bone. It mostly occurs due to direct trauma to wrist. However, it could also occur as the result of disturbed blood supply due to repetitive micro-trauma in rare cases. Case Report: In this report, a 30-year-old man who was an air compressor jack hammer worker with chronic wrist pain was presented. Imaging revealed a low-signal intensity lesion on T1-weighted which supported AVN of capitate. Blood supply damage was due to continuous stress to palmar hand as the consequence of working with air compressor jack hammer which led to AVN of capitate.
    Conclusion
    AVN of capitate could occur as the result of repetitive micro-trauma. It has a high correlation with the job of patients. Radiography does not help in the first stages. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has high diagnostic sensitivity. In the primary stages in patients with occupation-induced AVN, it could be improved by changing the job and temporary immobilization.
    Keywords: Avascular Necrosis, Capitate Bone, Scaphoid Bone, Idiopathic