فصلنامه انتظام اجتماعی
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1398)

Respiratory and educational interventions are based on preventive measures and measures that apply to dangerous people. The purpose of this research is to provide educational and training support in preventing the repetition of the perpetrators' offense in Mashhad Prison. This research from the viewpoint of the purpose of is applied and from the viewpoint of the method is descriptive of survey type. The statistical population of all prisoners was 36 people who were selected in all countable. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was used to determine the formal validity. For reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.85. To analyze the data, one-sample t-test and Friedman test were used. Identified components are effective in preventing repeat offending offenders in Mashhad Central Prison, rehabilitation, cultural, religious, and sports activities. In the rehabilitation activities with an average of (4.16) have the most impact and cultural activities with an average of (3.24) has the least impact. The results of the research show that educational and custodial measures should be applied if the law and by the judge are based on the occurrence of a crime, in accordance with the talent, character and background of the perpetrators and the dangerous. It can be a major factor in preventing repeat offenders from being dangerous and persistent.

Several factors such as human factors, road, vehicle and environment are effective in traffic. In this regard, human factor plays the most role and is one of the most important human factors in citizenship traffic ethics of drivers. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of difficulty in adjustment of excitement and dysfunction impulsivity on the citizenship traffic ethics of taxi drivers. In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research and in terms of its nature, it is a descriptive and correlational type. The research population was Khorram Abad city taxi drivers in 2018, of which 129 individuals were selected using simple random sampling method. The data were collected using citizenship traffic ethics questionnaires, difficulty in adjusting excitement and inefficient impulsivity. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multiple regression models.  The findings indicated that the difficulties of adjusting excitement (r = -0.55) and inefficient impulsivity (r = -0.42) had a negative, inverse and significant correlation with the citizenship traffic ethics of taxi drivers. Also, variables of excitement adjustment difficulties (0.30) and inefficient impulsivity predicted 0.18% of changes in citizenship traffic ethics of drivers (p <0.01). Difficulties in adjusting excitement and inefficient impulsivity with the citizenship traffic ethics of drivers were positive and significant, and predictive variables could significantly predict citizenship traffic ethics. Thus, the results indicate the importance of the difficulty of the adjustment of excitement and inefficient impulsivity in predicting the citizenship traffic ethics of the city taxi drivers.

Theft of inside vehicle accessories is a crime that endangers public safety and damages public safety, mental health, and people's health. This research was conducted with the main objective of exploring "The role of environmental design in preventing theft of inside cars in parking lots and roads in Zanjan city". In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research and in terms of methodology it is a descriptive-survey study, which was conducted using random sampling method through distribution of a researcher-made questionnaire among the statistical population. The data was analyzed using SPSS software. The statistical population consisted of all 100 executives in provincial police and Zanjan city and Zanjan municipality car park experts. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts and the reliability coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) was very high and equal to 0.921.  According to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the status of the data was normal. Based on one sample t-test with a significant level of less than 0.05 and 95% confidence, the main and the secondary hypotheses were investigated. According to Friedman rank test, the mean factors of access control (4.49), hardening of offense target (4.14), zoning (3.61), monitoring (40.3) support activities (2.74) and space maintenance (2.63), have an impact on the prevention of car theft. Based on the conclusions of the findings, the environmental design (independent variable) and its components affect the prevention of inside car theft in parking lots and passages. More than 50% of the members of the community believe in the high impact of items (zoning, monitoring, access control, care and maintenance of space, etc.) on preventing inside car theft in parking lots and passages.

In today's society and with regard to its social construction, the category of psychological and social security is very important and many of the problems and frustrations that threaten our society today are rooted in such cases as the use of virtual social networks and their impact on society. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of using virtual social networks on social security of students residing in Jahrom city. In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research and in terms of methodology it is a descriptive-survey study. The research population comprised of students living in Jahrom, and the sample size was calculated using the Cochran formula as 375 individuals. A researcher-made questionnaire was employed for data collection. For descriptive analysis of data SPSS software was employed. To test the hypotheses, the structural equation modeling and LISREL software were employed.  Since the value of t-value in all of these relationships is greater than 1.96, it can be said that the use of virtual social networks affects students' social security and has the highest impact on decreasing ethical principles (0.58%). The use of virtual social networks on social security of students and its components (creating an inappropriate process of socializing, breaking the foundation of the families, decreasing ethical principles, social isolation and physical harms) have a positive effect and there is a significant relationship among them. Therefore, it can be concluded that the research hypotheses were confirmed.

Empowerment is a form of immunization against psychosocial problems and increases the positive functioning of life and can be enhanced by providing social skills enhancement. The purpose of this study was to design and test the social empowerment model of women using narcotics in the Football neighborhood of Arak. The present study was conducted in a pilot study with two experimental and control groups. The educational treatment was given to the experimental group to select an intervention model by examining different existing models in the empowerment model. In order to describe and analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics (Mann Whitney and t-test) have been employed. The target population of this study included addicted women in Football neighborhood of Arak. 120 subjects were selected as the sample. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the professors of the information and knowledge science group. Cronbach's alpha was used for reliability measurement, which has an acceptable reliability (0.89).  The findings of the comparison of the two control and experiment groups showed that the motivation for drug use tendency with 0.274 in the control group had a significant difference with the experimental group. There is a significant difference between the two experimental and control groups in the component of motivation for drug use tendency. The difference between the two groups is that the average rank of the motivation of tendency toward drug use in the control group with the mean (93.50) is greater than the motivation of tendency toward drug use in the experimental group with an average of (31.50). The results showed that our empowerment model in the positive direction decreased the motivation of the experimental group to the tendency towards drug use. Therefore, according to the results of this study, it can be argued that all addicted women need to be trained in an empowerment model regarding the motivation to quit drugs, they need to be trained in this regard according to the tested model in this research. And they need to know that they can be effective in society, they need to be empowered and learn how to become empowered, then, as the results show, they are motivated to quit the drug and intend to become more effective and someone better than before. In the end, it can be argued that the results of this study could provide information that would lead to better planning of managers to create suitable spaces for the discontinuation of addiction and to prevent the return to addiction.

One of the most important phenomena of human and social life is the people committing crime and delinquency, which has long been a threat to human societies and endangers the health of people in society. People who are distracted cannot adapt themselves to the social rules and standards of society. This imbalance and inconsistency have several causes, the root causes of which must be sought both in the individual and in society. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the relationship between social disorder, social disorder and abnormality in juvenile delinquency in Qazvin. The research method is descriptive-survey. A sample of 450 students was selected from all second grade high school students in the city of Qazvin, who were studying in the academic year of 2016-2017 using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was employed for data collection. Its validity was examined through the panel of experts and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha (0.71). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, bivariate regression and multivariate regression. Considering the Pearson correlation coefficient (0.05), there is a significant relationship between social disorder and social abnormality and disorder management (0.25) on delinquency. Also, the findings from the multiple regression test show that the interaction with delinquent peers and finding an accomplice (0.68), favorable attitude (0.71) and network and the relationship between individuals (0.72) has a high level with beta value (0.47) in juvenile delinquency. The results showed that reducing the relationship between family and friends, the positive attitude of adolescents to crime and delinquency, and the presence of problematic contributors to social disorder and social anomalies provide the ground for social exclusion and juvenile delinquency

In the big cities, the grounds and conditions for committing crime in some areas have been reduced due to less supervision. In fact, these spaces (government gaps) should be controlled by advanced methods. Among the new era of technology that has a significant impact on social security based on technology, is the Smart Surveillance System. The main goal of this research is the role of Smart Surveillance System in increasing social security. In terms of its objectives the present study is of an applied research type, and in terms of methodology it is a descriptive-survey study. The statistical population included 350,000 people in the district 20 of Tehran. The sampling method is simple random sampling and the sample size is 110 individuals. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and the reliability value was calculated by Cronbach's alpha (0.821). The effect of the independent variable (CCTV) on the dependent variable (social order and security enhancement) with a confidence level of 0.95 is confirmed. It can also be said that variables of contributors for crime detection and offenders and reducing driving violations with averages of 8.2 and 8.02 have the highest means compared to the average of other variables; therefore, the greatest impact of CCTV is on improving the performance of law enforcement and reducing theft. Smart surveillance systems, such as CCTV, are of great importance in increasing the city's social security and increasing the performance of governments in controlling non-monitored environments (government gaps). The results of the research show that the CCTV creates a false sense of security in people. Surveillance improves police reporting and crime recordings; the ability of police can be improved by camera scanning through examining camera images and using more precise methods and techniques to identify the ideal location for camera surveillance.

The importance and role of security in the development of the industry is the basis for its deployment and development. At the national level, security is generally divided into two parts: internal security and external security. Each of these two sections can be divided into other dimensions, for example, their internal security has dimensions such as economic dimension, political dimension, social dimension and cultural dimension. Therefore, the main issue in this study is to investigate the role of law enforcement in providing the social and cultural dual dimensions of security in the field of industry. In terms of its type this research is of an applied study and in terms of its method it is a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) study. The statistical population of the study included law enforcement officers in the sector of security in the industry as well as managers and officials of the industry sector who are available to the researcher. The sample size in the qualitative section was 30 individuals who have been selected through targeted judgmental method and interviews were continued to reach a theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, 90 experts in the security sector involved in the industry from the law enforcement and industry sector of the country were selected using non-probability sampling method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made open and closed questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was determined by the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.89). Content analysis and Friedman rank test were employed for analyzing the data. In the qualitative section of the research, 12 indicators in the social dimension, 18 indicators in the cultural dimension, and 8 indicators in police threat-oriented approach were identified. In the quantitative part, among the components of the social dimension, the indicator of "Securing Citizens" with an average of 7.59 and in the cultural dimension the indicator of "Fighting against Threats and Damages Caused by Cybercrime in Industrial Centers" with an average of 8.48 and in the threat-oriented approach the "Incapacitating Security Disrupters" with an average of 4.12 were placed in top priority. Participants in this study have considered the police threat-oriented approach in providing different dimensions of security in an industry as important and influential. Also, the two social dimensions (with 95.6%) and cultural dimension (with 8.87%) in order of importance, explain the role of police in providing security in the industry.