Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences
Volume:8 Issue: 1, 2019

Medication errors are a potentially hazardous accident for the patients and can be used as a measure of patient safety in the healthcare system. Neonates are the most vulnerable population because of their body size. The experiences and views of those involved in the healthcare system can be a significant source of information gathering and planning in preventing medication errors. This study aimed to explain the residents' experiences concerning medication errors in the neonatal intensive care units.  This qualitative study was conducted using phenomenological method in 2017. Six residents were selected from the neonatal intensive care unit of one of the educational hospitals affiliated with Hamedan University of Medical Sciences using Purposive sampling. Data were collocted through semi-structured audio recording interviews and interviews were continued until data saturation. Finally, the interviews were completely transcribed and analyzed using Colaizzi's method. With comparative analysis of data, 3 categories or themes and 9 subcategories were developed. The main themes include inefficiency in professionalism, Errors in the process of drug prescription by physicians, and individual and psychological characteristics.  According to the results, medication errors can be reduced by more clinical supervision on less experienced physicians in patient care, the use of electronic medical records, and the effort of pharmaceutical companies to package medicines appropriately and have efficient management

  One of the concerns of specialists of drug abuse treatment is stabilization in the treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effective factors in the successful treatment of drug abuse. This qualitative study with Grounded theory approach, was conducted in Zanjan in 2016. Fifteen subjects with a history of drug abuse, who were treated for at least 4 years, were selected through snowball sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using constant comparative analysis method (Strauss and Corbin) by Nvivo 10 software. Using open, axial, and selective coding, the main theme of this study was "Steps to successful treatment of drug abuse". Contextual conditions include the uncensored look at life, the hope of return, the awareness of the return path, and the causative conditions include motivational helplessness, motivational resources, personality traits, and choosing an efficient treatment method. Intervening conditions include religion, helpful resources, and attitude change. And strategies include mechanisms of self-disclosure, trust in God, getting away from the environments conducive to drug consumption, recalling the difficulties of addiction period and social networking. The main outcomes of the successful treatment include retaking family and social responsibilities, comprehending new pleasures of life, and development and growth of efficient personality traits. Successful treatment of drug abuse doesn’t occur suddenly and requires some conditions and strategies leading to observable outcomes that encourage people to not leave the path of treatment and consequently, stabilize the treatment. The results of this study can be useful for drug abusers and specialists of drug abuse treatment.

Health literacy is known as one of the main health determinants. Health personnel are pioneer in providing healthcare services in the health system of the country. To play their main role in the society, health personnel should have appropriate understanding and attitude towards the concept of health literacy to respond to the needs of society, especially the needs of patients with inadequate health literacy. This qualitative research was based on the content analysis and conducted among 30 healthcare centers affiliated to Khaf Healthcare Network on 22 health personnel for three months in 2014. Data collection and analysis were performed simultaneously using qualitative content analysis. Data analysis resulted in 154 primary codes that were classified into 7 groups. The main problems of health personnel were the lack of enough skills to identify patients with inadequate health literacy and lack of knowledge about how to interact with patients effectively. The results of this study indicating the  Perception, attitudes, and performance of health personnel towards effective health literacy determinants will help planners find the most appropriate methods and strategies to promote health literacy among healthcare centers personnel.

Drug addiction has always been considered as one of the most pervasive social problems. Although the risk of drug addiction is high in men, but this risk has been increased in women as well. This qualitative study was conducted on 21 addicted women in Bushehr who were selected using purposive sampling method. Data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interview. All interview were recorded, immediately written, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. After data analysis, 3 main themes including personal, family, and social factors with 17 items were obtained. The main factors affecting drug addiction in women in Bushehr were personal and family factors. Some interventions such as increasing the knowledge of people about factors affecting drug addiction and family education can be effective in the prevention of drug addiction in women.

The weak point of current studies on divorce is that this issue is not investigated from a process perspective. The aim of this study was to investigate divorce from such a perspective. Pathology of the process through which one exits from a type of socialization (socialization in the original family) and enters to another, is a key point that is often neglected in most explanations of divorce. In this qualitative study, directed qualitative content analysis was used. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 30 divorced women in Harsin city of Kermanshah province (Iran), who were selected through purposeful sampling. The criterion for ending interviews was theoretical saturation. The ethical issues were considered and validity was determined. Multiple and incomplete cognitions, emotional and unconsidered decisions, disinterestedness, and lack of attractiveness were identified as divorce factors in the initial analysis of couples. And in the common life, factors such as differences, stereotypes, interferences, and the like are involved. Several positive and negative outcomes of divorce have been reported, but its negative outcomes were more than positive ones. These outcomes can be examined in three categories: social, psychological, and physical. In any plan to reduce divorce rates, divorce should be considered as a process that has a beginning and an end. In this process, special attention should be paid to the type of socialization that couples bring from their original families.

  One of the aspects of identity in each person is gender identity that organizes individual's roles and expectations associated with his/her gender. Interfering with the process of sexual identity formation can lead to mental disorders, which is defined as Gender Identity Disorder (GID) by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis method. In this study, 10 transsexuals were included using purposive sampling and theoretical saturation. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Demographic data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.   The results of interviews indicated that negative reactions of family, social isolation (lack of social acceptance), and deviant behaviors are the main problems that transsexuals face with. Transsexuality is accompanied by displeasure feeling of social isolation and decreased social capital and quality of life.  According to the results, the main psycho-social problems of transsexuals are due to negative attitudes of society, which have negative effects on transsexuals and their family, so that most of them experience deprivation, social isolation, running away from home, drug addiction, suicide attempts, and other psychophysical disorders, which not only reduce transsexuals' satisfaction after sex reassignment surgery, but also makes it difficult for them to comply with the new gender role.

Due to the negative consequences of divorce, evaluation of the reasons inducing this phenomenon, is of great importance for therapists and researchers. The aim of this study was to examine the role of pre-marital events (dating, engagement, and marriage) in marital conflicts leading to divorce. This qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach. The population of the study included all the people who had applied for divorce in 2016 and were referred by the family court to counseling centers across the city of Kerman. The sample consisted of 23 people who were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using Moustakas method. Analysis of the interviews indicated that in pre-marital period, there were significant antecedents for divorce. These antecedents were classified into two main codes including underlying causes of conflicts and causes increasing conflicts. The findings of this study can be useful for couples, therapists, and family counselors and should be considered in providing premarital counseling.

Extramarital relationships is one of the most important factors threatening marriage between couples. As understanding the preventing factors has a very high value in maintaining the quality of marriage, therefore, the present study was conducted to explain the experiences of married couples about the preventing factors for extramarital relationships.

This qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach. The samples were selected from couples who got married one year ago, for this purpose, 19 couples were selected using purposeful sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews until data saturation. Data were analyzed using coding technique (Strauss and Corbin) with a focus on the theoretical and purposeful sampling, constant comparison, encoding and concept development.

In this study, three categories of factors including internal factors (self-awareness, spirituality, and fear), external factors (context, culture, foresight, and family), and relational factors (spiritual intimacy and relational intimacy) were identified as the effective preventing factors for extramarital relationships.

It seems necessary to determine the factors threatening the comfort and stability of the family as the cornerstone of society. In the present study, it was found that a set of factors including internal, external, and relational factors, protected couples from extramarital relationships. The results of this study can be used in the development of preventive and therapeutic programs in the areas of marital infidelity.