نامه صدوق
پیاپی 2 (زمستان 1397)

A serious challenge in the area of responsibility for fault goods is the inadequacy of the traditional rules of contractual liability and civil liability in protecting the lost and compensating for the damage caused by the production fault. The importance of the lack of responsibility resulting from the severity and multiplicity of losses has led large legal societies, including the European Union, to lay down appropriate rules for it, for that, its crystallization is seen in the domestic laws of the states, including French civil law, Such a way that we are witnessing the acceptance of absolute responsibility of the manufacturer of the fault product in in relation to the damage caused by the defect. Legal system of Iran also in the area of protecting automobile consumers with the adoption of a specific law in 2007, it has taken a positive step, but Still on a wide range of issues, the existing laws, including civil code and consumer protection law approved in 2009, Does not entail proportional rules for protecting consumers against fault in other goods and there are no new regulations in the field of civil liability. Therefore, It is worthy that the Iranian legislator also plans a new plan to provide adequate protection for consumers and will take more appropriate steps by modifying and completing existing laws, including civil law.

In article 976 of Iranian civil code jus soli has been introduced as an exception of Jus Sanguinis in acquisition of Iranian nationality. In the light of increasing international development, Subsections 3, 4 and 5 of this article are not compatible with social necessities anymore. Meanwhile European Union countries could represent dynamic nature of nationalities rules by adjusting their rules governing on nationality. This comparative study between Iranian jus soli rules contained in article 976 Iranian civil code and EU countries Rules indicates that apply of conditional Double jus soli and conditional jus soli (based on parents residency before childbirth) as well as unconditional jus soli (when the parents are specified) can consider social necessities of Iranian society and prevent of statelessness.