مجله دانش امنیتی
پیاپی 5 (پاییز و زمستان 1395)

The consideration of national security threats is an important area in countries' strategic studies because identifying, measuring and evaluating the nature of threats to national security is important in terms of the political system's strategy. The basic aim of any political system is to preserve territorial integrity, national interests and vital values that the danger of being threatened by other systems in the international anarchy is probable. Threats to national security may occur in military, political, cultural, social, economic and environmental contexts. The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of all threats to the national security of nations in the theoretical framework of the positive discourse of threat posed by the Copenhagen School t. In response to the question of the nature of threats to national security, it was hypothesized that the substantive combination of threats, each with its own method, threatens the security of nations from different angles. The method of this research is descriptive -analytical and it is a theoretical-applied research. The findings of the study indicate that the nature of threats from an objective-minded, affirmative, existential-general, security-non-security, and ... points of view that represent the massive combination of threats as a hard, semihard and soft threats, each of which poses a challenge to National Security of countries. Furthermore, , in different circumstances, one of the substantive dimensions of the threat is centered and focused; therefore, the maintenance, preservation and promotion of the national security of the country depends on the recognition of this, so that security costs will not increase.

Now nearly 5 years have passed since the beginning of the crisis in Syria And in all these years, various theories about the causes of the crisis in this country have been offered. One of the theories which can be discussed in this field is various sociopolitical grounds in Syria. Although the Syrian crisis and the emergence of radical groups in the country by the end have derived from an international conspiracy, But one can’t lose the sight of multiple grounds of social and political grounds in the country that historically have emerged and created a wide range of grievances and conflicts among various people groups toward the government of the country. The findings also suggest that there are numerous social and political contexts, such as extreme weakness of civil society organizations in the country, the rigid structure of the party, ethnic and religious discord and ...Over the years caused widespread discontent among the people of the Syrian government and various ethnic groups, religious, political and so on. All these factors along lack of insight of the government and foreign conspiracies cause the crisis and the formation of radical groups in the country.

Complying with privacy rights is among one of the most important rights that is closely related to human dignity and human rights in the modern era. It is also a special place in the Holy Quran and the traditions of many different examples to avoid privacy violations there. Thus, now the issue of privacy has been considered as one of the most important discussions in informational society of Islamic Republic of Iran by incumbents and experts of security systems. However, in informational and security science literature, there is hardly any scientific attention to this topic and research activity has not done to shed light on dimensions of this issue at security and informational system level. Therefore, in this paper with the aim of examining the basics of privacy, researchers try to find the answer to the question that, considering the necessity of activity of security and information systems in acquiring news and information for producing safety in any political system, what is privacy in security viewpoint and where is the border between privacy and subversive realm? Thus, the concept of privacy has been analyzed through Islam viewpoint, legal basics and Imam Khomeini’s doctrine as the founder of Islamic Republic of Iran, and with regard to finding of the study one cannot that privacy in security viewpoint includes the same features related to privacy only in order to surveillance of enemy activities and measures related to espionage, overthrowing, sabotage and activities subversive to national security and for protecting Islam and life of Muslims and providing national security with order of holy Sharia and constraint of supervision of law, one can attend in the subversive realm, otherwise, protecting grace, honor and secrets of people is deemed as necessary issues in Islamic system which one cannot trespass it by any pretext. Due to educational and vocational need in activity of personnel of security and informational systems, this study is of practical type and the descriptive-analytical method has been used.

This research studies the effect of news and rumors in cyberspace through smart-phone software on reduce the feeling of public safety in the community, This issue is covered if the software that created communication to the public and is accessible almost everywhere considered a threat to the sense of social security? And do spread rumors pave the way achieve the objectives of social security among the citizens of operations and psychological warfare against Iran? These questions and use a wide range of software similar to that observed among the population urges the author to explore this issue. In this study, the rumor of various dimensions and causes studied and conditions that impact the in the community of rumors has been studied and published. Following the survey of 96 undergraduate and graduated from University, were analyzed using SPSS software and the reliability coefficient is 75.2, Hypothesis tests, which were narrowly, were negated by the respondents. But undoubtedly because of the influence of spreading rumors via this application in the sense of public confidence, some solutions are offered to avoid the impact of gossip in this way. One should notice that the author pay attention to cyberspace not out of pessimism but rather through deficiency of confidence to this setting. Consequently if the pessimism was ruling on the aura of texts, there are certainly some solutions for applying restriction on virtual space not on developing and using it.

Terrorism is one of the widely used words in contemporary conversations and writings. Abundance of its use has increased even more than expressions of basic human needs. The word terrorism has always been faced with a crisis of meaning. Perhaps this word twenty-first century considered one of the most controversial key words. Terrorism is one of the ambiguous words of the international arena due to the complexity of the concept and objective of territorial delimitation are facing a crisis of meaning and definition. The definitions proposed for terrorism and its dimension, rather than being derived from objectivity and accepting the dichotomy of value-fact is derived from discourse and advertising make-ups. Thus, the author analyzes the terrorism conceptually and recognizes its dimensions in terms of type and analyzes the practices of fighting with this issue which threats international peace in international documents.