مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار
سال بیست و ششم شماره 2 (پیاپی 103، خرداد و تیر 1398)

Today, the use of supplements and herbal extracts has been widely used to prevent exercise induced apoptosis and improve exercise training adaptations. Thus, the present study examined the
effect of the 12 weeks aerobic training with Origanum vulgare Ethanolic Extract supplementation on the myocardial apoptosis in young male rats. In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats (8 weeks old) with an average weight 129±17.86 gr randomly divided in five equal groups: basic (n=8), control (n=8), Origanum vulgare (n=8),
aerobic training (n=8) and aerobic training- Origanum vulgare (n=8). The aerobic training and aerobic training- Origanum vulgare groups participated in a 12-week program (5 sessions of 10-60 min each week, with an intensity of 75-80% of maximum oxygen consumption) running on animal treadmill (15% incline and 24-33 m/s). Also, Origanum vulgare Ethanolic extract was used for supplementation. Forty-eight hours after the last exercise session, a part of the left venticular tissue of the heart was removed and expression of Bax, Bcl2 and caspase-9 proteins was investigated using RT-PCR method. Data were analyzed by Two-way ANOVA test (P<0.05). The results showed that expression of Bax, caspase-9 and Bax/ Bcl-2 ratio in the training and training- Origanum vulgare groups was lower than the control group and expression of Bcl-2
protein was higher than the control group, but this difference was not significant. In addition, the difference between these groups in all Based on these findings, it seems that 12 weeks of aerobic training with supplementation of Origanum vulgare extract did not lead to apoptotic processes and improved mitochondrial
adaptations. Therefore, more research is needed to achieve better and clearer results.

Neutropenia is defined as absolute neutrophil counts of less than 1,500 cubic millimeters. This differential diagnosis involves a lot of normalization to a life-threatening disorder. Considering the importance of early detection of the cause of neutropenia and its appropriate measures to reduce mortality and impose financial costs, this study was conducted to determine the duration of admission of neutropenic patients based on the cause and antibiotics used. This cross-sectional study was descriptive-analytic. In this study 111 patients with neutropenia from 1962 to 1395 were surveyed at Masoumeh Hospital in Qom. Information was obtained from a patient's medical record through a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20 using independent t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square and Fisher's exact test. The significance level was considered to be less than 0.05. This study showed that patients with malignancy had the highest hospitalization time (25-35). Patients with viral diseases had the least hospitalization time (5-4 days). 71.2% of patients consumed antibiotics during the hospitalization period and 28.8% of patients without antibiotics had spent the duration of admission. The highest frequency of antibiotics was ceftriaxone (25.98%). The present study showed that there is a significant relationship between the duration of hospitalization and the cause and severity of the disease. Therefore, considering factors such as the cause at the start of admission, it can play a key role in advancing a proper management in treating patients with neutropenia

Voice disorders are one of the most common disorders in the teachers, and in addition to the impact on daily communication aspects of their job will be difficult also. The aim of this study was determine the frequency of cognitive symptoms - Audio voice disorders in teachers in Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences 94-93. In this descriptive - Cross sectional analysis study, 85 teachers were enrolled after informed consent and two questionnaires concerning demographic information and voice handicap index (VHI) were completed. Then the sound of each individual was recorded during conversational speech and the implementation of the items in profile perceptually - Audio Voice, and was evaluated by two speech therapists. The data in the software SPSS (16) and with the help of descriptive and analytical statistics were analyzed. ATSHA test results showed 64.7% of the teachers had a voice disorder, severity was 28.75 ± 15.9. The most common problems included breathiness, abnormally resonance and hoarseness. VHI questionnaire results show: 81.17% of teachers in the aspects of physical, functional, emotional related to sound, were in trouble. Between teachers with and without voice disorders in VHI scores there was no significant difference (P= 0.23) The results of this study showed that the prevalence of symptoms of auditory- perceptual voice disorders In Teachers Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences is high. Thus, vocal hygiene and voice therapy is recommended for these people.Keywords: Voice disorders, frequency, Symptoms of auditory perceptual

It seems that exercise training can be effective in improving glucose homeostasis and blood lipids by inducing circulating level of irisin. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight week aerobic training on serum irisin, blood lipid and blood sugar in untrained women. This semi- experimental study was conducted on 20 sedentary volunteer women among a university of Rasht city in two groups. The control group conducted the routine daily activities, but the experimental group participated in 65 min aerobic training, three times a week for eight consecutive weeks. Blood lipids, glucose homeostasis and circulating irisin were assessed at baseline, and after 8 weeks of interventions. Data were analyses using SPSS version 22 and A P-value of P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. In the training group, insulin (p=0.02) and HOMA (p=0.04) were decreased and HDL-C (p=0.00) was increased following 8-weeks of intervention. However, there were no significant changes in fasting blood sugar, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-C and irisin (P>0.05). In the control group, fasting blood sugar (p=0.04), insulin (p=0.01), HOMA (p=0.00), triglyceride (p=0.03) and irisin (p=0.03) were increased following 8-weeks of study period. After intervention, participants undergoing exercise training had significantly lower cholesterol (p=0.00), triglyceride (p=0.02), insulin (p=0.00) and HOMA (P=0.00) and higher HDL-C (p=0.00) compared with the control group. It seems that aerobic training in sedentary women is associated with an improvement in glucose homeostasis and HDL-C independently of the irisin changes.

Vitamins play an important role in the improvement of neurological diseases by reducing free radicals, therefore, in this study, the effect of combine therapy sodium valproate with vitamin C and E was evaluated on seizure in adult rat. 49 rats were divided to 7 groups consisting of control group (saline: 1ml/kg (, sodium valproate groups (100 or 200 mg/kg sodium valproate), Vitamin C group (250 mg/kg), vitamin E group (100 mg/kg) and vitamin C or vitamin E with sodium valproate groups. The animals received a subcutaneous injection of strychnine for induction of convulsive seizures, 30 minutes after intraperitoneal administration of drugs or saline. Then convulsion onset time and death time and survival rate were recorded. Sodium valproate with doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg delayed the convulsion onset time and death time significantly compared to the control group and the survival rate was 36% and 100% respectively. The combination of sodium valproate and vitamin C significantly increased the time to start seizure and death time than the control group. Also the survival rate was 57%. The combination of sodium valproate and vitamin E increased the onset of seizure and the duration of death compared to the control group and 66% of the rats survived. The use of vitamin C and E with sodium valproate has a significant role in reducing seizure induced by strychnine in adult rat.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of combined exercise on bone mineral density and some blood parameters in postmenopausal women with overweight. 29 inactive postmenopausal women with an age range of 58 to 46 years participated in this study. Subjects were placed in one of the two exercises (resistance-aerobic) and control (without exercise). Before and after the training period, weight, body mass index, fat percentage, bone density of the lumbar vertebrae and femoral head (in dexas), calcium and serum phosphorus were measured. The exercise protocol included upper and lower resistance exercises in 3 sets with 12 to 8 repetitions, and aerobic training including running and waving alternately for 12 weeks and 3 sessions per week. The data with normal distribution were analyzed using ANOVA and T-Paired methods and data without normal distribution using KruskalWallis and Wilcoxon. The experimental group showed a significant increase in serum calcium, bone density in the lumbar spine and neck (P<0.05). There was a significant decrease in weight, fat percentage and body
mass index (P<0.05). Serum phosphorus did not change significantly (P<0.05). The findings showed that in order to maintain or prevent the reduction of bone density, postmenopausal women are recommended to combine resistance and aerobic exercises

Attention to midwives and their physical and mental health is essential for increasing the quality of services and maintaining the work force. Occupational burnout is one of the factors affecting mental health and performance of individuals. The purpose of this study was to survey the occupational burnout in midwives and its relation with spiritual intelligence. This cross-sectional study was performed on all midwives working in hospitals and health centers in Sabzevar in 2017 by census method. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire,Maslach burnout Inventory and King’s Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics, Pearson, Spearman correlation, Man-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis by SPSS(ver.17). The score of occupational burnout in midwives was 41,81±17,47 and spiritual intelligence was67.88±10.73. There was not a significant correlation between the occupational burnout and spiritual intelligence in midwives. There was a significant and direct correlation between the occupational burnout with age (p=0.02, r= 0.16) and work experience (p= 0.001, r=0.26). Also there was a significant and reverse correlation between the occupational burnout and income satisfaction (p=0.01,r=-0.19) and job satisfaction (r= -0.46, p0.001). Occupational burnout was higher in official midwives (p=0.01). The burnout of midwives was moderate and there was no significant relationship between burnout and spiritual intelligence. Considering the importance of midwifery in the field of health and improving the quality of clinical services, It seems necessary to adopt strategy for reduce occupational burnout such as; reducing work-related pressures and improving working conditions.

The use of (advanced oxidation processes) AOPs, due to have high performance in degradation of organic compounds is growing. Combined use of electrical current and sulfate free radical creates a synergy effect on removal of pollutant. The aim of this study was to evaluation the performance of activated per sulfate by the electrochemical method with copper – iron electrodes for removal of Aniline from aqueous solution. In this experimental study, a batch electrochemical reactor with a useful volume of 250 mL, copper and iron electrodes with 2×10×50 mm area from the DC source to aniline degradation was used. Also the Influence of parameters such as pH, Voltage (with amper), initial concentration of per sulfate and initial concentration of Aniline was investigated. Aniline concentrations, determined by spectrophotometer DR5000 making HACH. The experimental results indicated that the removal of aniline was influenced by different operational parameters, So that the highest process efficiency was obtained at pH 4, a voltage of 11 V, a concentration of per sulfate anions equal to 750 mg /L and a concentration of 60 mg /L of pollutant, 90.41% in a 25 minute period. It was also found that with an increase of nitrogen gas, efficiency will be increase and aeration reduces efficiency. The present study demonstrated the proper performance of the process in removing organic pollutants under optimal conditions of use as well as an alternative technology for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing Aniline.

The objective of research is to use meta-analysis for bibliotherapy on anxiety and depression disorders for children and adolescent in recent ten years in Iran and abroad.The aim was to combine the results of different researches and extract new and comprehensive results and calculate the effect sizes.Also the research studied that how much the type of dependent variables and different moderators could be effective In this study, meta-analysis was considered as a statistical technique for determining,collecting,combining and summarizing the finding that relates to the effect of bibliotherapy in children and adolescent.The population of the present meta-analysis was preceding studies in the field of bibiotherapy and was the all scientific papers published in academic journals,scientific conferences and thesis in the 10-year period (1394-1384) by the subject of bibliotherapy.The papers must be available in different database and have the necessary condition.According to Inclusion criteria of study,14 work by 20 effect size get.To calculate the effect size,CMA software version 2 was used Findings showed that overall effect size was 0.423 that is average according to the table of Cohen.The finding of this meta-analysis is compliance with previous studies that shows bibliotherapy is an effective and efficient approach for treating and helping to treat disorders and preventing and development of children and adolescent. Findings also showed that moderators like type of therapist, contact to therapist are not very effective The effectiveness of bibliotherapy for children and adolescent is average and could be used as a treatment method for depression and anxiety disorders

Delay in treatment of psychotic symptoms is associated with increase in time to recovery, response to treatment, and more relapse rate of psychosis. The purpose of this study is to determine clinical factors associated with delay in treatment of the first symptoms of psychosis in patients referred to Farabi Hospital of Kermanshah. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out on 94 patients, 51 male and 43 female, who experienced the first psychotic attack, using available sampling method. Required data are extracted from a clinical interview based on an approved clinical checklist completed by specialists and experts in psychiatry and psychology. Then, descriptive statistics indices including frequency, mean, standard deviation, median, and t-test are summarized and analyzed using SPSS software (version 24). mean delay in treatment of the first psychotic symptoms was 48.5±65.6 weeks. There was a significant difference between the patients’ history of drug abuse (P-value=0.001), history of anxiety disorder (P-value=0.003), existence of negative symptoms (P-value=0.001), disorganized speech (P-value=0.001), disorganized behavior (P-value= 0.001), on one hand, and delay in treatment of the first psychotic symptoms, on the other hand. Clinical factors associated with delay in treatment of the first symptoms of psychosis are introduced as important factors affecting the level of mental health and full recovery of the affected patients; thus, identifying these factors along with proper planning and interventions based on providing health care services can promote the quality of the patients’ psychological well-being.

and Objectives Emotional communication between mother and infant is necessary from birth. Most prim gravidity women say that they need to know, understand, and support to care of their infants. So, the current study aimed to evaluate the effects of an empowerment program on the mother infant attachment in prim gravidity women.  This clinical trial was conducted in the women ward of Imam Sajjad Hospital and Sohrab Alibackshi center in Shahriar city in 2016, in total, 80 mothers participated. The mothers were selected through convenience method and randomly divided into two groups control and intervention. An empowerment educational program was implemented for the mothers in the experimental group, while the mothers in the control group only received the routine care of the study setting. Then, the first day of birth of the infants in the hospital, using maternal attachment questionnaire to the infant, observed and recorded the mother's attachment behaviors during lactation. Data analysis was performed through conducting the t-test, Fishers exact test, Chi-square, SPSS version 16. The rate (P<0.05) was considered significant. The results of the study showed that the mean of attachment of the mothers in the experimental groups 115.35±4.46 and control groups (73.38±19.96) was statistically significant (P<0.001), and the attachment of the mothers to their infants in the experimental groups larger than control group The implementation of the empowerment program in the infant care increased the attachment of prim gravidity women to their infants. Therefore, it is recommended that the implementation of this empowerment program be considered for mothers. It is also suggested that further studies be conducted on the effect of this empowerment program on the attachment of fathers to infants

Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that because of its minimal effects on respiratory and cardiovascular systems, frequently used in both human and veterinary medicine. But in recent years, it was recognized as a problematic drug of abuse and became increasing popular in many parts of the world. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime report, use of ketamine in East Asia, Australia, North America and Europe was increasing, also in parts of South East Asia because of less International Drug Control and availability of ketamine use of its dramatically increased. Recent studies showed that abuse and long-term use of ketamine cause changes in mood, and physical condition such as damage in the urinary tract, nervous tissue and liver failure among consumers. The review article is written by the keywords “ketamine, anesthesia, abuse”. articles that published in 1978- 2016 were selected. In this study, ketamine introduced initially; then use, abuse, damage caused by arbitrary use and legality of ketamine in some countries discussed and finally methods for the determination of ketamine were mentioned.