فصلنامه علوم روانشناختی
پیاپی 71 (بهمن 1397)

 Different treatments have tried different ways to improve and treat borderline personality disorder and its syndrome. Meanwhile, the most effective way have reported dialectic behavior therapy. The aim was determination of effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on suicide behavior in suicidal adolescent with borderline personality syndrome. This syudy used a two group pre-test, post test with follow-up quasi–experimental design. The statistical population was all girls aged 15-18 years old in kara, among them 24 girls selected using available sampling that psychiatrist had distinguished that they suffered from Borderline personality syndrome and had at least one suicide attempt in 16 weeks ago. They were placed in experimental and control groups randomly. also Condition of exit from this research we suffering of psychotic disorder, conduct disorder, attention deficit hyper activity disorder and legal problems. The experimental group recived 16 sessions skill training and 16 sessions dialectical behavior therapy adapted for Adolescent and the same time control group didn’t receive any kinds of psychotherapy. Instrument of research was Borderline Personality Disorder Severity Scale, that is made by Arentz & et al at 2003 and participants responded it in pre-test, post-post-test and follow-up. Analysis of mixed variance showed that decrese of means scores in post- test and follow-up have been significant at Dialectical behavior therapy group compare with control group (p≤0/001). Dialectical behavior therapy adapted for adolescents can reduce suicide behavior in suicidal adolescents with borderline personality syndrome and this result can be stable during the time.

Divorce is considered as a event with social – economic and psychological consequences. In the recent years, the rate of divorce increased in many countries and in our country. Studying the reasons of divorce is the first step for prevention of this pathological events. the aim of current research was investigating the factors and causes of divorce from point of couple’s view that had referred to judicial courts. Mothod: The sample contained 314 persons who were selected according to the convenience sampling procedure. The questionnaire contained demographic and checklist of marital problems of couples with 28 items was made by authors of this article. The method was descriptive and classifying the problems with factor analysis. women were the majority of divorce requesting; more than half of the persons had not the candidate period; more than %65 of persons had not any investigation about their spouses before marriage. About %30 of persons married in spite of disagreement of their parents. More than %55 of persons had lived together less than 5 years; only %16 of couples had sought help from other for solving their marital problems. For classifying divorce factors, exploratory factor analysis revealed 3 factors as follows: First, interesting to family; second, sexual satisfaction-preoccupation with new marriage in future; third, imposed marriage-duration of marriage. The results showed that lacking enough information necessary for marriage in couples and lacking marital skills for managing marital relationship, may cause important problems and maladaptive situation of living for couples. Finding of this research can be useful for giving guidance for especially  new married couples, and all spouses.

The effectiveness of neuropsychological therapeutic methods on neurodevelopmental disorders, including dyslexia, has been reviewed in many researches. the effectiveness of neuropsychological treatment methods on reducing dyslexia subtypes problems have been less studied. The objective of present research was to study the effectiveness of two-hemisphere training on reading and comprehension of visual and auditory types of dyslexic students. In this study an accessible sample was used. Using semi-experimental method and pretest-posttest design with control group, 40 elementary students in grades two and three from waiting lists of two learning disorders center in Tehran were selected and from this population, according to scores obtained in, verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning indexes of Wechsler test-fourth edition (Wechsler, 2003), 20 students were identified as visual dyslexic and 20 students as auditory dyslexic. Then 10 students were included randomly in experimental and 10 students in control groups. Experimental groups were exposed to 16 training sessions and control groups didn’t receive any training. Before and after training, (NEMA) dyslexia test (Moradi & Kormmi Nouri, 2008), was performed for all groups. In order to analyze test results, multivariate covariance analysis test was utilized. Results suggest that posttest scores of experimental groups in reading and comprehension increased significantly (0.05 level of significance) two-hemisphere training was effective on reading and comprehension of both types of dyslexia.

Research shows that occupational stresses lead to burnout and workaholism in the long run. That is why occupational environments and working conditions are the focus of attention today in order to maintain employee and well-being. So does taking a multifaceted approach to stress management affect employees' workaholism and burnout? The current research was carried out with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of taking LEARN multifaceted to stress management (Barlow et al. 2001) in the workaholism and burnout of employees in a pharmaceutical company in Tehran. research method was a quasi-experimental design (pre-test and post-test with a control group), where 30 employees were randomly assigned into two groups of experimental (N=15) and control (N=15). The multifaceted stress management program was conducted during 18 weekly 90-minute sessions and the subjects answered workaholism Scale WART(Robinson, 1999) and burnout MBI (Maslach, 1981). The results of single-variant covariance analysis indicated that the program had a significant effect on workaholism (P<0.0.1) and burnout (P<0.01). This suggests that the employees who had participated in the multifaceted stress management program gained better scores in the final exam in terms of the variables related to workaholism (compulsive tendencies, control, self-absorption, inability to delegate and impaired self-worth) and reduction in their burnout.

Due to the great importance of mental health students screening and lack of an appropriate native tool that was prepared based on prevalent psychopathological problems in students, making appropriate tool seems necessary. the aim of the present paper was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of electronic mental health assessment device for high school students-first high school students form and second high school students form. On the other hand, due to the advantages of self-report form in adolescence, such as that adolescents emphasize on self-knowledge, the acceleration in reports and the lack of observation of certain symptoms by teachers and parents, the self-report version was used in this study. The sample includes 1592first high school students and 919 second high school students of high school students of Alborz, Kermanshah, Eastern Azerbaijan, Sistan & Baluchistan, Fars, and Khorasan- Razavi that were selected by random sampling. First high school self-report form and second high school self-report form consists of 144 and 122 items respectively. Exploratory factor analysis for both versions of the scale showed a 6-component structure as the best model fitting to the theoretical basis of the research. Also the internal consistency coefficients of the subscales showed the reliability of the scale. In general, psychometric properties of both two scales indicated that they are suitable for screening and research.

Chronic pain is a burdensome symptom. Different psychological models have been proposed to explain the role of psychological and social factors in developing and maintaining chronic pain. Attachment is a psychological construct of possible relevance in chronic pain. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of predicting attachment styles on pain catastrophizing in patients with chronic pain. In a descriptive-correlational study, convenience sampling was used to select 120 chronic pain patients from pain clinic of akhtar hospital in Tehran, Iran during three months. The participants completed a demographic questionnaire, Adult Attachment Inventory, Pain Catastrophizing Scale. Data was analyzed using Pearson's correlation and step by step regression models. The correlations between attachment styles & depending variables in this study were significantly (P<0/01). Based on the results of regression analysis, secure and ambivalent attachment styles was able to predicted pain catastrophizing in patients with chronic pain. According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that secure and ambivalent attachment styles can predict pain catastrophizing. Considering these variables may be important in the processes of prevention, diagnosis and treatment reparation of attachment, as well as promoting mental health in patients with chronic pain.

The individual differences between learners in different dimensions and styles are factors influencing learning. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between Kolb's learning styles and intellectual preferences in the students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences in Kerman. The design of the research is a correlation model. The statistical population of this study was all female and male students of Farhangian University of Kerman province. The sample size was 346 students (238 males and 108 females) who were selected by stratified sampling method. The research tools were Kolb's Learning Style Questionnaire (1985) and Nadoraman's (1960) Preference Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using statistical methods such as frequency, mean, standard deviation and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between abstract conceptualization style with A quadrant and D quarter, and positive and meaningful with mean C quarter, but not significant with quarter B. The relationship between the style of experiential experience with strong, positive, and meaningful C quadrants is positive and meaningful with the medium of D quarter. But with quarter B and quarter A it is not meaningful. The relationship between the observational view style and the A quarter is A, strong, positive and significant, with a quarter B and a moderate C quarter, is positive and significant, but not significant with D quarter(P<0.01). So recognize to learning styles and intellectual preferences in students can achives academic achievement.

One of the most important schemas in psychology is the abandonment scheme. Various researches have been dedicated to improving maladaptive schemas, but research has been neglected in comparing the activation of three methods of visualization, imaginary imagery, and presentation of images in activating the release scheme in people with borderline personality disorder. The aim of this study was to compare the activation efficiency of three methods of visualization, imaginative visualization and presentation of images in the activation of the abandonment scheme in subjects with borderline personality disorder. The research method was two-way factor design. The statistical population consisted of all female students of Islamic Azad University of Qom who studied at the undergraduate level in the academic year 96-95. In this way, 80 persons were selected through the questionnaire of borderline personality disorder and they were randomly assigned to three groups of experiment and control. The instruments used were borderline personality disorder, short form of Young's early maladaptive Scale and Beck Anxiety Inventory. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that fuzzy visualization method is more effective in activating the abandonment scheme in people with borderline personality disorder than image presentation method. This means that the imaginary imagery method can be used to improve the embedding schema.

Improving marital satisfaction and family cohesion of the veterans' family is important because of eight years of war and their physical and psychological problems. The research has proven the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on improving family functioning in different statistical societies. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to the comparison of the effectiveness of emotionally focused therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy on family cohesion and marital satisfaction of veteran' wives in Khoramabad city. The method of present study was quasi-experimental with post-test and follow-up. The sample, including 60 veteran' wives in were selected in available manner and were assigned randomly into two experiment and one control groups (each group 20 persons). The first experiment group received 10 emotionally focused therapy sessions and the second the same numbers for cognitive behavioral ones and control group were placed in waiting list. Tool used in this study was included family cohesion (Samani,1381) and marital satisfaction  (Enrich, 1989) questionnaires. Data were analyzed using analysis of used repeated masseur variance. In posttest phase, Interventions increased the family cohesion and marital satisfaction significantly (p>0.05). Also, the emotional therapy group has sustainability effect in the follow-up stage, but it isn’t significant compared to post-test (p<001). So, emotionally focused therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy can be utilized for improving family cohesion in veterans.

Students as one of the most important target groups of behavioral education constitute a large part of our society today. The present was aimed to investigate the effect of teaching life skills on social acceptance and Internet addiction in second grade secondary school students in Kermanshah. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-and post design with control group. Using a multi-stage random cluster sampling, 30 of them were selected as the sample and they were randomly divided into control and experimental groups of 15 subjects. The instruments of this research were Internet addiction (Yang, 1998) and Social Acceptance Questionnaire (Crown & Marlow, 1996). Before the intervention, pretest was performed for both groups. Then, life skills training sessions were performed for 10 sessions of 60 minutes, during the three months in the experimental group, but the control group did not receive any interventions. After the end of the sessions, after-test was performed from both groups. Results obtained from multivariate covariance analysis indicated that life skills training reduced Internet addiction and increased social acceptance in the experimental group (P<0/01). the Life skills training has a significant effect on social acceptance and online addiction.

Given the changes in DSM and the consideration of dimensional variation, instead of category approach, the question arises as to whether transdiagnostic therapy is effective in the treatment of OCD? The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of transdiagnostic treatment on ambiguity tolerance, executive functions (accuracy and time) and memory in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). 40 patients were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned to 2 groups of 20 subjects (transdiagnostic treatment group and control group). The tools used in the present study were: Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsory Inventory )Goodman, Price et al. 1989(, McLean ambiguity tolerance scale)McLain 2009), and Letter–Number Sequencing(Wechsler,1987) and Stroop test )Stroop,1935). The results showed that transdiagnostic treatment significantly improved ambiguity tolerance, cognitive emotion regulation, executive functions (accuracy and time) and memory in patients with OCD (p<0/001). transdiagnostic approach in treatment by considering the dimensional approach and targeting of diagnostic structures can be effective in improving the symptoms of OCD.

One of the marital abnormalities that causes psychological, inferiority and divorce is marital conflict, resulting in a lack of harmony between couples. The effectiveness of Emotion-focosed and Gottman's cognitive-systems approaches has been confirmed on various variables, but marital Harmony has been neglected. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the effectiveness of Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy and Gottman’s Systemic Couple Therapy on marital harmony in conflicting couples. This research was a semi-experimental design with pre-test-post-test design with two experimental and one control groups. The statistical population of this study was all conflicting couples referring to counseling centers and private psychology in the 2nd and 5th areas of Tehran in 1397. From this community, 60 people were selected and randomly assigned to three groups (20 subjects): Trial 1 and 2, and the test. For each of the three groups, a questionnaire (Xu and lai, 2004) was used for pre-test, and then an emotional couple therapy program Johnson circuit was used for experimental group 1 and Gutmann System Couple Therapy for experimental group 2, but no intervention was used for the control group; the results were analyzed using covariance analysis at 5% level. The results of covariance analysis showed that both excited and systemic couples had a significant effect on increasing the coordination of couples (p<0/001). The results of post hoc test showed that the efficacy of excited couple therapy was more than systemic paired therapy (p<0/001). It is possible to use an emotional-couple therapy couple therapy to improve marital coordination.