پژوهشنامه تاریخ، سیاست و رسانه
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 6، تابستان 1398)

The words of tradition and modernity in the 13th-century AH community have words such as intellectual, modernity, constitutionality, behavioral or intellectual opposition. Whether necessarily these two key words always conflict with each other and cannot be put together or able to A path to social evolution. It depends on the type of traditional or modern society. This article suggests that the above concept in the personality of Hakim Sabzevari in the geography of his behavior has been shown to be objective and rational in society. The article follows Hakimi's work, which has studied in Sabzevar, Mashhad and Isfahan in an environment that believes in the extreme traditional way. This confrontation between tradition and modernity, in Khorasan, despite the Gonabadi Ascendants, is dominated by Shiite fanatical thought and sedition, which Hakim Sabzevari traverses the middle ages and taught in Sabzevar. The wise Hakim Sabzevari , with the correct performance, has a clear mindset with issues. It keeps people away from falling into the midst of civil wars and political disputes and the flames of sedition, and in practice they give them health and safety. He has trained, in the balance of two parallel lines, the concepts of tradition and modernity to his own society, as he teaches a math and physician mathematics student alongside wisdom and philosophy. And with these disciples, the philosophical school of Isfahan links Qajar to the school of Tehran.

Mamasani or Mamasni was a tribe of the natives of the southern part of Zagros, who were engaged in animal husbandry and seasonal Go out and, according to various narratives and reasons, including such a Go out and warrior, sought to find a rangeland and a better place to live in the region. Shallastat Imam, the natives suppressed the area and dominated the area, which today is called the mamasani. Shulestanat (nowadays known as Mamasani) is located in the northwest of Shiraz and southwest of Fars province. And in each historical period, it was partly separated from the city or province. In recent years, the clan of Rustam has been separated from the Mamsani tribe in the form of an independent City called Rostam. Mamasani people have special customs and common customs with their other contemporaries like Bakhtiyari and even Fars,the folk of Lors of Mamasani which resides in fars province and Rostam have preserved many of their ceremonies and traditional customs, and even today, in weddings, mourning , Nowruz and ... do them. Shiite mamasani are religious but in religion and law there is a lot of tolerance. The daily life with livestock and agriculture, as well as today with the employment of some state and government institutions along with trade and ..., is the same as in the past, these people, in addition to farming and livestock, have plundered and piracy, hunting, and ... also made livelihoods, which itself always provoked opposition to rulers and time-wasting governments.

The roles of prominent people have been effective in the success of political and social phenomena. The significance of these roles is more or less affected by religious interests, norms, values, environment and ability to connect. In the process of the Islamic Revolution, important people played an effective role; at the head of all, Imam Khomeini was the leader of the revolution. Along with this leadership, prominent people who have been religiously minded for the revolution have played a role in different ways. One of them is Imam Musa Sadr, who is less concerned with the importance of his presence and his role. Using his socio-political and cultural status, he was able to convey the continuation of the revolution in some ways, such as establishing contacts with influential individuals at the regional and global levels and paved the way for revolutionary activity of Imam Khomeini. The present study seeks to analyze one of the effective factors in the victory of the Islamic Revolution by highlighting this role with a historical approach.

Political parties have always been a function of the circumstances and social conditions of their environment since their birth. As a result, developments in the economic situation in Iran in the 1990s have had a profound impact on the structure and functioning of political parties in the community. With the victory of the Islamic Revolution and the formation of the Islamic Republic, the process of establishing the executive management of the country began. The issue of economics, especially the Islamic economy, was one of the issues that theoreticians and theorists were addressing. Accordingly, political currents and political parties also commented on the economy of the country based on their intellectual foundations. The main issue of the study is to address political conflicts arising from economic developments in the first decade of the Islamic Revolution. Research findings suggest that in addition to the government's inefficiency in the field of economics and the lack of a specific strategy in the organization of affairs of the country, the formation of the flows and the spectrum of parties based on economic opinions has taken place.

The Arab revolutions in the Middle East and North Africa, which led to the collapse of some conservative political systems in the region, have led to a widespread social movement with political repercussions, so that the transformation of the Middle East into transition New conditions and distance from the former situation. As a result of this displacement, the strategic weight of some countries is declining, and, on the other hand, the regional position and weight of other countries is increasing. Egypt has played an important role in the Middle East and international politics from the past to the present, and in order to better understand and properly analyze Egypt's foreign policy, there are four key points that have the same geopolitical and geopolitical status of Egypt, national interests, great powers and Egyptian leaders. Are attention In addition, Egypt is still the guardian of the Arab national interests. On the other hand, following these developments, great international powers are surprised. In fact, the developments of the Arab Spring for Russia, like other major powers, have concerns and challenges. So that the Russian government will have to change some of its traditional approaches in the region to achieve its goals and interests in the Middle East. For example, the Libyan scene led to many unfavorable outcomes for Russia's Middle East policy, causing domestic and foreign problems for Russia, and adopted a policy of cooperation with the West. While in the case of Egypt, Russia has been able to establish solid and credible foundations for expanding ties with the country and as a stable Arab island in the Arab Middle East, it has been pushing for a strategic partnership with the country.

Defense for the Islamic Republic of Iran, given the special geopolitical and geostrategic status of the land, as well as the continuation and extent of the threats of the enemies, as well as the highlights of the Supreme Leader of Imam Khomeini against arrogant threats, is a very important issue. In the non-operational defenses, a new intellectual approach to defense issues has to be taken so that cooperation in the field of capabilities-centered and empowering defense can be considered as a principle in the country. Ineffective defense is one of the most effective and lasting methods of defense against threats that has always been considered by most countries in the world. The non-operational defense means "a set of non-armed acts that increase deterrence, reduce vulnerability, sustain vital activities, promote national sustainability, and facilitate crisis management against the enemy's military threats and actions", taking into account these actions in defense capabilities. Axis and empowerment is very important. In our country, despite the particular geopolitical position, threats and entry into new areas and soft threats, the role of non-operating defense has been highlighted, and attention has been paid to the importance of national sustainability and development-oriented capabilities and empowerment. In this article, firstly, with a review of capabilities-centered and empowering defense, it has been tried, based on Imam Khomeini's definitions, views, and thoughts, to classify and communicate the basic concepts of defective defense in the field of defense-centered and empowering defense, Examined.