فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگی اجتماعی خراسان
سال سیزدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 50، زمستان 1397)

This paper examines the factors affecting social participation in the city of Khaf. These factors are: age, religion, education, social trust, social cohesion, universalism, futurism, traditionalism, and powerlessness. The method of this research is survey and the data are obtained using a multi-stage sampling method. The population of the active population of Khaf city was 55405 people and 380 people were selected using Cochran formula. Pearson correlation coefficient, variance analysis, multivariate regression, path analysis model and structural equation model were used for analyzing the data and testing the hypotheses. The findings of this study show that the average social participation of respondents was moderate and the variables used in this study were able to explain 31 percent of variance of dependent variable. Among the factors affecting social participation, social cohesion and education, the most influence and religion and powerlessness have had the least effect. In this research, the effect of social trust, social solidarity, universalism, futurism, and traditionalism on social participation was significant but their age, religion, and powerlessness had no significant effect on social participation.

Political participation, which is one of the undeniable necessities of political systems in the present century, is shaped by various factors. One of these factors is the role of cultural factors which the purpose of the present study is to study the role of these factors in the level of political participation. This research is a survey based on a sample of 383 people over 25 years of age living in Esfarayen, selected using stratified sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire and its reliability was assessed by method its form and reliability are measured using Cronbach’s alpha statistics. The data are analyzed using 16 spss. The findings of the research indicate that there is a significant correlation between the five cultural factors (feeling of political power and influence, political trust and social trust, life satisfaction and religiousness) that were studied in this study. Among the underlying variables of the research, there were significant relationships between gender, occupation, education and economic status, with political participation.

Social science scholars have distinguished three tribal, rural and urban livelihoods and have undertaken research into the proprietary morals of all three. In other words, every human being, according to the needs of his or her livelihood, seeks a solution and satisfies his / her needs, and the need for science follows this rule, and the researchers believe that the urban production method is a more favorable ground for science and this is the rise of the priests. At the beginning of the Abbasid era, we were faced with the emergence of a scientific movement, which coincided with the rise of major cities and architects. In this paper, we attempt to put the theory to the test that the factor of livelihood can be a very strong cause of the decline or decline of science and this method as a theoretical method for studying the history of science in the period. To be taken into consideration in the Islamic Iran. In fact, this article seeks to find an answer to one of the most important questions in the history of science, whether the boom and stagnation of science in different historical periods can be due to society›s livelihood and the needs appropriate to that system of living? In fact, what effect did the livelihood have on the growth of science in Khorasan? This paper aims to explain that after the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate for some reason the cities of Khorasan grew after the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate and this made Khorasan rich. In fact, the livelihoods of people and the movement of capital have had a tremendous impact on the growth of science as well as the relocation and migration of scholars from civilizational centers (achievements).

In this research, it is assumed that today’s homes are fundamental changes to the houses of yesterday’s Mashhad, in terms of hospitality and hospitality, to cater for guests with appropriate rituals and Iranian culture with major problems, although lifestyle changes in the manner of the reception of the guest has also penetrated. But this good tradition among people has a special place where architecture has limited access to this possibility. This paper aims to “explain the appropriate spatial patterns for the prosperity of hospitality in the designs of today’s residential complex,” in the analysis of houses in the city of mashhad in the past (the houses of yesterday) and the modern houses of mashhad. According to the physical structure of traditional homes, we can recognize the value of guest and traditions of hospitality in Iranian culture; the need to address the issue of hospitality and hospitality in the houses of Mashhad with the presence of Imam Reza’s “Imam” and the pilgrimage of this city is felt. the aim of this study is to answer the question that in the spatial structure of Iranian traditional houses drawing from guests, and on the other hand And on the other hand, what is the status of the guesthouse in today’s homes; Analyzing comparative houses in Mashhad and Pahlavi houses, comparative comparisons were carried out so that with the review and modeling of the positive spaces of homes in Mashhad’s homes in the direction of hospitality, the living rooms in today’s houses were adapted to existing conditions. This research answers the question in several steps, by linking the concepts of the domains studied and studying case examples (mapping, map analysis, and semi-structured interviews).

One of the components of family efficiency is the proper upbringing of children and the effective communication between family members. Sometimes, when parents raise their children, they face disobedience and disagreement with their wishes, leading to conflicts between them. So the question arises, can life skills training reduce the conflicts between parents and adolescents? The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of life skills training program on reducing parent-child conflicts. To achieve this goal, pre-test, post-test semi-experimental research with control group was used the statistical population male high school students (ninth grade) of Shirvan high school security committee. The sample consisted of 40 students who were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two groups (control and control) Measurement tool was Murray-E. Strasz parent questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation and inferential level by covariance analysis test. The results showed that the life skills training program was able to significantly reduce students’ total conflict, verbal aggression, and physical aggression with their parents and significantly increase their ability to use reasoning strategies. Based on the findings of the data analysis, it can be concluded that life skills training is effective in reducing conflicts between students and their parents.

Marital satisfaction is one of the important factors of life that causes couples peace and the lack of it in many areas leads to problems, differences and in some cases divorces.The present study attempts to investigate the role of life expectancy on predicting satisfaction of employed and householder women with their marital life and compares the satisfaction of marital life and life expectancy of these two groups. This study is a kind of descriptivesurvey research and all the married employed (educational and employee of university) women and householders aged from 30 to 60 dwelling in Birjand city in 1396 form it’s statistical universe. 51 married women among educational ones and employees of university and 51 householders are selected through random sampling. Then Sympson’s questionnaire of life expectancy and Enrich’s shortened questionnaire of satisfying with marital life have been distributed among them and collected after they had been completed. A Pearson correlation test, a simple linear regression, and a free T-test are used for analyzing data. The results showed that the components of life expectancy (social relation, education, romantic relationship, family relationship, work life and leisure) with satisfaction of marital life of women in general and satisfaction with married life of employed women And householder women have a meaningful positive relationship. Also, the results of regression analysis showed that 43% of the total variance of marital satisfaction of women and 56% of total marital satisfaction variance of employed women and 37% of total marital satisfaction variance of householder women were predicted by the components of hope . Among the components of hope, the component of family relationships and leisure time can predict the satisfaction of women’s marital life .Results also showed that, there is a significant difference between employed women and householders’ hope to life. And hope to life of women who work is much more than that of householder one.. And also there is no significant difference between satisfactions of these two groups with their life.