نشریه بیولوژی کاربردی
سال پنجم شماره 2 (پیاپی 18، تابستان 1394)

Consumption of antioxidant compounds derived from plants, reduces the incidence of many chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of extracts of leaves of two varieties of olive (Mission and Conservalia). The ether and pentane extracts prepared from leaves of olive varieties and then using 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) the power of antioxidant effects was measured. The results showed that Conservalia leaf extract has more yield, higher inhibition percent and more antioxidant properties.Consumption of antioxidant compounds derived from plants, reduces the incidence of many chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of extracts of leaves of two varieties of olive (Mission and Conservalia). The ether and pentane extracts prepared from leaves of olive varieties and then using 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) the power of antioxidant effects was measured. The results showed that Conservalia leaf extract has more yield, higher inhibition percent and more antioxidant properties.

Anxiety is a common disorder that often associated with the physiological symptoms such as heart rate , chest pain, shortness of breath. The use of medicinal plants has increased and the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydro-alcoholic extracts of Ocimum basilicum on anxiety in male rats.

Ocimumbasilicum leafy branches Having identified by herbarium University, hydro-alcoholic extract by Soxhlet extraction, and powdered extracts were prepared.. In this study the male Wistar rats(230±20g) were divided to intact group ,DMSO recipient( solvent extraction) group And receiving doses of 250, 50, 25, 15 mg / kg,( i.p) of Hydro-alcoholic extract.A half hours after injection, by Using the evaluated maze, the anxiety test was taken and the standard indicators of anxiety,( duration of stay and the number of entry into the open arm ) was recorded and checked for 5 minutes.ANOVA and Tukey test was used for analyzing data (P<0.05)

The results showed that the DMSO with compared to intact group had no effect on anxiety indicators. The Ocimumbasilicumhydroalcoholic extract at a dose of 25,15 mg / kg Compared to the group receiving DMSO, the time of stay in open arms and number of entry into open arm had a significant increase (p<0.001)Conclusion Ocimumbasilicum extract has anti-anxiety effect.

Vitex agnus – castus (VAC) as a plant in herbal medicine has been since centuries ago. It is a phytoestrogenic herb native to the Middle East and southern Europe. It has clinical usage in so many countries. In this research, the antimicrobial effect of essential oil of VAC was investigated on Staphyloccocus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and was compared with Ampicilin, Gentamicin, Nystatin.Essential Oil of VAC was extracted by steam distillation, Chemical constituents was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. for evaluation of antimicrobial effect Disk diffusion and Macrodilution methods were used.Essentical oil of VAC inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Candid albicans at Concentrations 56/25 and 112/5 respectively. by Disk diffusion method The inhibitory zones were 10 mm and 11 mm respectively This essential oil inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli at concentration 450 . by Disk diffusion method They didn’t show inhibitory zone.The results of this research indicated that the essential oil of VAC has antimicrobial effect, in comparison with antibacterial effect of Ampicilin and Gentamicin has significant difference (P<0/001) antifungal effect of this essential oil in comparsion with Nystatin doesn’t have significant difference (P>0/05). The majer constituents of oil were: Terpinolene, Caryophyllene, α-pinene.

Banana is one of strategic and economical plant. It is important in nutrition of humans and animals and economic in tropical countries. The Vallery belong to Musa balbisiana Colla and Musa acuminate Colla species and Eumusa and musa genus. The subject of project is developmental phases somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of banana from terminal and axillary buds in cv. Vallery. The meristematic tissue of terminal and axillary used for somatic embryogenesis. Four media culture were contain : (MS1, BAP 3 mg/l, IAA 2 mg/l) ،(MS2, BAP 22.5 mg/l) ، (MS3, BAP 0.4 mg/l , IAA 2 mg/l) prepared. MS1 and MS3 treatments did not observed callus, shoot grown from terminal and axillary meristem. The length of shoot plantlets was longer in MS1 than MS3 but roots was shorter. The cream color and compact of callus (some of part brown color) in observed in MS2 treatment by Stereo Microscope. The circular aggregated embryo raised and increased gradually. The embryo differentiated and green color showed in embryos, after that plantlets regenerated from embryos. Mean length of shoot and root were (3 cm, 1.5 cm) respectively, and number of shoot and root were (0.3) .MS4 treatment produced brown callus and non-compact. The plantlets regenerated from meristematic tissue, length of shoot and root were smaller and number of shoot was higher than other treatment.

In this study, the seed oil of Rumex acetosa L. prepared from Isfahan Pakan Bazr (co), ground and were extracted by soxhlet. The solvent removed by rotary and then the fatty acids of obtained oil were changed into ester by esterification method. The oil analyzed by the GC/MS method. 8 components of isolated compounds containing 88.4% of oil were identified. The main components were 9, 12-Octadecandienoic acid, methyl ester (52.4%) and 1, 2-palmitin (16.5%).

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease in the central nervous system, characterized by dopaminergic neuronal loss in the nigrostriatal system with clinical symptoms such as resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, and disturbances of postural reflex.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diabetes on reserpine-induced catalepsy in male rats model of Parkinson's disease

In this study, 24 Wistar rats were divided in 4 groups (control, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease + diabetes).Each of animals in the diabetic groups was given a single injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p). Parkinson's disease was induced by administration of Reserpine (1 mg/kg, i.p)The bar- test was used to measure cataleptic symptoms. Catalepsy was evaluated by placing both forepaws of the rat on a horizontal bar.SPSS software was used for analyzing data by using of analysis of variance that it was performed at a significance level of p<0.05.

catalepsy was significantly higher in the group of diabetes + Parkinson's disease.

Diabetes can be effective on reserpine-induced catalepsy in male rats model of Parkinson's disease.