نشریه بیولوژی کاربردی
سال هفتم شماره 4 (پیاپی 28، زمستان 1396)

Cryopreservation is one of the most appropriate and safest tool to preserve plant germplasm species including plants seeds. In this temperature, physiologic activities and metabolic processes of the seeds and plant members are almost held up and seeds are able to survive at unlimited time periods. In this research, in order to preserve seeds of Cynara scoolymus L.medicinal plant, from Asteraceae Family in cryopreservation condition, we used three pre-treatments: Glycerol 30 %, and Plant vitrification solution 2 and Desiccation for seeds. After a week all of treatments were extracted from the liquid Nitrogen(LN) and were melted in thermae with 42°C. Then seeds were transferred to a germinator in 24°C and 16/8H optical period. Results analyzed statistically through laboratory exploration. Results show, Cynara scoolymus L. seeds' survival in LN are maintained in all three treatments among which Desiccation treatment has the highest survival percentage(95%), comparing the control (90%). Mean of seedlings' length equals 53 mm in control while in Glycerol 30 % it reaches to 74.46 mm . Thus, Desiccation is recommended as appropriate alternative to preserve this plant seeds for long periods of time in preserving centers of plant germplasm preservation.

pathogenic Candida species widely distributed in human and animal hosts. 88% of fungal infections and the fourth cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections among all causes of infection. Garlic contains sulfur compounds and fructose are. Sulfur compounds called amino acids and these compounds in garlic of sulfide and non-sulfide are divided into two main groups.

In this study, standard on the environment Dextrose Agar (Merck) and CHROMagar Candida were cultured. Essential oil extracted in a sterile container with lid (according to flee phase) and were stored at 4 ° C for laboratory analysis. To do this extraction method hydro distillation using Clevenger apparatus was used. The inhibition zone measuring the diameter of one-way ANOVA test and ANOVA were calculated at different concentrations of garlic oil.

 In the disc diffusion method, a concentration of 250 μg showed that candida albicans are more sensitive. There was a significant difference in the concentration of 1000 μg Candida glabrata in comparison with the Candida tropicalis. The results of MIC showed that Candida albicans (MIC = 0.4) had the lowest MIC and therefore the most sensitive fungi to garlic essential oil.

It is well accepted that the pathogen Candida oral candidiasis, Candida albicans and C. glabrata infections, so this control with candidiasis diagnosis and early prevention is of particular importance. For proper treatment, to determine the level of Candida species and genetic analysis to assess clinical isolates of Candida and prevention, especially in hospitalized patients seems necessary.

Anxiety is a common disorder of unknown origin associated with an unpleasant feeling .According to the anxiolytic effects Trachyspermum Copticum traditional medicine , trachyspermum Copticum effect on anxiety male Wistar rats were investigated. trachyspermum. copticum seed after detection by the University Herbarium, hydro-alcoholic extract was extracted by Soxhlet and the extract powder was prepared using smart legitimate. In this study, male Wistar rats (230 ± 20 g) were placed In groups intact, recipient of the DMSO (solvent extraction) (0.3 cc), received obtained in different doses of 50, 25, 15 mg/kg. All injections were performed intraperitoneally. Half an hour after injection, anxiety was measured using the elevated plus maze. Indicators of anxiety for 5 minutes, including time spent and number of entries into the open arm was recorded. Data were analyzed by ANOVA statistical tests and Tukey test (p <0.05) .The results showed that the group receiving the extract solvent (DMSO) compared to intact in time spent and number of entries into the open arm does not show a significant difference. The group receiving a dose 15 mg/kg compared to the group receiving DMSO in time spent and number of entries into the open arm showed a significant increase. C. copticum hydro-alcoholic extract anxiolytic effects in low doses.

Urinary tract infection is one of the most commonly reported nosocomial infections caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. This bacterium is located in the urinary tract epithelium and can cause inflammation of the urethra and inflammation of the ureter, bladder and kidney. This bacterium has the ability to form a biofilm. It is resistant to the third generation of antibiotics, which has become a complex problem in the medical community.

100 urine samples from patients with UTI were collected at Qom hospitals level and their antibiotic resistance was evaluated using Kirby-Bauer method. The hybrid disc method was used to determine the isolates of broad-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).

Out of 100 samples with common biochemical tests, 75 samples were identified as E.coli E.p. The results showed that Escherichia coli euroopatogen had the highest antibiotic resistance to gentamicin 93% and about 60% of the samples were ESBL.

Considering the antibiotic resistance of isolated bacteria from the urinary system and the presence of strains resistant to antibiotics in broad-spectrum beta-lactamases, it is necessary to increase the level of information of the individuals in society as against the release of such bacteria Did something. Keyword: Escherichia coli europathogen, ESBL, Urinary tract infection

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common hospital infections acquired by colonization of uropathogenic E. coli in host musocal epithellium and damages to host tissue. The ability to constitute biofilm plays an important role in virulence of the bacteria.

In this research 51 E. coli strains isolated from diabetic patients having UTI symptoms collected and approved using biochemical tests and molecular technique. In vitro biofilm formation by these isolates was determined using the 96-well microtiterplate test. And the presence of fimH, pap, sfa and afa virulence genes was examined.

Among 51 Ecoli isolates, 46 (90.16%) were able to make biofilm. The frequency of fimH, pap, sfa and afa genes in isolations having the ability to create strong biofilm reported respectively 90%, 80%, 80% and 10% reported, The frequency of fimH, pap, sfa and afa genes in isolations having the ability to create weak biofilm reported respectively 83.33%, 75%, 15% and 41.66% reported.

The results of this study showed that the prevalence of fimH and pap genes among UPEC strain is high.

The findings indicated the importance of virulence genes in Escherishia coli isolates producing biofilm

Infertility is the inability of a couple to conceive after one year of consecutive sexual intercourses without birth control methods. Infertility is a multifactorial syndrome with several genetical or nongenetical reasons. The possible causes for infertility are still unknown for more than 25 percent of cases (idiopathic infertility). Recently a product of Leydig cells termed Leydig insulin –like hormone (INSL3)has been proposed as a putativa trophic hormone of the first part of descent.Absence of Insl3 in male mice results in bilateral cryptorchidism and mutations involving this gene may be a cause of azoospermia in man.this gene has several SNP .For this reason at this research rs2286663 is investigated. For this purpose, the number of 80 infertile men and 80 healthy men (as a control) was tested. Using a standardRFLP PCR method, the presence of the mutant was analyzed. The statistical results were not significant. Thus, no significant relationship between the mutation and idiopathic infertility in males has been detected. However, the results may be different by selecting the different genetic pool or significant changes in a population size.

Fasting is one of the most important worshipers of Islam. Although pregnant women, and brest-feeding women, and those who may be sick or on a journey,… are exempted from the duty of fasting, some of them do so willing and eagerly. Considering the importance of nutrition during pregnancy in the health of the fetus and mother, the purpose of this study was to compare the pregnancy status in fasting and non-fasting pregnant women.

The present research was cohort study.84 pregnant women were put into 2 groups of second Trimester (21 women) and third Trimester (21 women), and non –fasting pregnant women were second Trimester(21 women)and third Trimester (21women).Sampling was performed randomly ,gradually. Data was collected by,examination ,and interview, and then they were analyzed by SPSS.

The results showed that the anemia of fasting and non-fasting pregnant mothers was not statistically significant in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. There was not statistically significant difference between normal weight gain during pregnancy among fasting pregnant and non-fasting pregnant women in the second and third trimester of gestation. Fasting in Pregnant women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy have no effect on the pregnancy status (normal weight gain during pregnancy and maternal anemia

Muscle fatigue may lead to imbalance and dysfunction of muscles. On the other hand, measuring imbalances between muscles should not be limited to measuring strength as it is not only parameter indicative of muscle function. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of isokinetic fatigue protocol of quadriceps and hamstring muscles on mechanical power and time to peak torque in elite karate girls. subjects and

In this study, 16 karate girls participated. Biodex isokinetic device was used for the local fatigue of quadriceps and hamstring muscles. The muscles mechanical power and time to peak torque at speeds of 180 and 300 degrees per second were measured by isokinetic device before and after the fatigue protocol. Data analysis was made by paired t test.

Mechanical power of quadriceps (P=0.004) and hamstring (P=0.000) muscle groups in speed of 300 degrees per second, significantly decreased after fatigue. But in the speed of 180 degrees per second, not significantly changed (P>0.05). Time to peak torque in speed of 180 degrees per second, showed a significant decrease after fatigue for the hamstring (P=0.04) and quadriceps (P=0.01), but in speed of 300 degrees per second, the difference was significant only for the hamstring (P=0.025).

According to current study results, fatigue can cause an imbalance in mechanical power and time to peak torque between muscle groups at high speeds; that increases the chance of injury in the knee joint.