نشریه بیولوژی کاربردی
سال هشتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 30، تابستان 1397)

Candidial vulvovaginitis is a female genital system infection that occurs due to the overgrowth of Candida species, especially with Candida albicans. The long administration of the current antifungal drugs may cause resistance. it is essential to understand the efficacy pattern of therapeutic agents against the isolated Candida species from vaginitis. The aim of this research was the investigation of the antifungal drug resistance pattern in Candida species isolated from vaginitis against azole current drugs. Materials &

In this cross-sectional study that was performed on100 vaginit specimens. All specimens were examined under direct microscopy and culturing. Furthermore, complimentary tests such as culture on candida chrom agar, corn meal agar, germ tube test, susceptibility to cycloheximide and sugar assimilation test were performed to differentiate the Candida albicanse from each other. The effect of the current fluconazole, itraconazole , nystatin, ketoconazole disk diffusion method was also tested. Data were analyzed by SPSS using independent Chi-square.

Out of 100 vaginit specimens 35 cases were diagnosed were Candida albicans. Diameter of average of inhabitation zone were in Ketoconazole 21.80±5.85 mm, Iitraconazole 18.42 ± 5.20 mm, Nystatin 15.97 ± 2.28 mm and Fluconazole 6.82 ±12.02 mm.

Our results showed 35% specimens were diagnosed with isolated agents Candida albicans. that the most effective drugs against Candida albicans was Iitraconazole. Hospital wards fungi was resistant to Fluconazole and sensitive to Ketoconazole. Introduce Ketoconazole of can be useful in treatment of chronic vaginal candidiasis.

Today, the use of foods such as hamburgers has increased due to the industrialization of human societies. Regarding the use of hamburger, the importance of hygienic production of this product and the lack of its microbial characterization during storage in real conditions, the study of the effect of unsatisfactory storage conditions on burger microbial properties is essential. The aim of this study was to investigate the amount of hamburger contamination in terms of aerobic mesophilic count and its changes relative to the adverse conditions of temperature

In this study, 25 samples of 60% meat hamburger from 5 different brands were performed microbial test. Microbiological testing involves the total count of microorganisms . Samples were stored at a temperature of 25 ° C after the initial test in 4 periods of one week and after each period, a relevant microbial test was performed on them.

In these tests, the highest and lowest levels of contamination have been reported for test 5 and 1 respectively. It was also found that the longer the storage period was in unfavorable conditions (5 ° C), the probability of growth of the germs increased and a higher amount of counts was reported.

Maintaining hamburger samples under adverse temperature conditions is one of the environmental factors that endangers product and consumer health. 

Naphthalene is one of the main polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that is increasing in the petrochemical industry and is on the list of toxic pollutants. These contaminations are mutagenic and have a large impact on the ecosystem of the region, gradually they are emerging to the food cycle and human societies. Thus threaten human health, plants, animals, rivers, underground water and agricultural production. Germination is the first and most important stage in plant development. In this study to evaluate the effect of naphtalene (30 & 50 mg/L) on germination, radical growth and biomass of seedlings in Helianthus annus L., an experiment was conducted. Seeds germinated in petri dishes and seven days later, those were studied. The results showed that naphthalene was not have a significant effect on germination percent. It Reduced the radicle length and also reduced the dry and fresh weight of the seedlings. Therefore, naphthalene because of its non-polar and hydrophilic structure decreases the rate of water absorption and affects the germination rate, and as a result, leads to decrease in length of the radicle and biomass of the seedlings.

Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is a medicinal plant with essence and belongs to mint family and natively grows in Iran. Its traditionally used for curing joint`s point, cramps, and cold. After recognition and gathering, the Lavender plant was dried in good conditions. After that, using the Soxhlet machine, water solvents, Hexane, and solution of water and ethanol the essence was extracted. After condensing the essence with rotary machine, Spectrophotometer, and finally with GC-MS machine, it was studied and analyzed. In the Hexane extract of the plant Decane, Dodecane, Camphore, Tetradecane, 3-Methylnonane , and 1,8 Cineol had the maximum percentage respectively. Antioxidant activity evaluation with DPPH method showed that the blue extract had the most sensitivity. nce was extracted. After condensing the essence with rotary machine, Spectrophotometer, and finally with GC-MS machine, it was studied and analyzed. In the Hexane extract of the plant Decane, Dodecane, Camphore, Tetradecane, 3-Methylnonane , and 1,8 Cineol had the maximum percentage respectively. Antioxidant activity evaluation with DPPH method showed that the blue extract had the most sensitivity.

Heavy metals causing the pollution of environment through industrial activities. biological methods have been used to remove toxic element that compared to other methods are promising technologies with higher efficiency and lower cost. The aim of this study was to isolate strains with high tolerance to arsenic from 3 area of groundwater Sirjan.

were cultured on LB agar medium containing 5ppm arsenic. After 24h incubation, 25 colonies of resistant strains were isolated. DNA was extracted by using phenol chloroform method and contaminated samples were examined by PCR reaction. In order to detect microorganisms by molecular methods , 16SrDNA primers were used. Amount of growth was determined by spectrophotometry at 600 nm in 24h. Antimicrobial resistance patterns and biosorption analysis was performed by method of antibiogram and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The strain was identified by 16SrDNA PCR sequencing. Results and

From 100% of bacterial isolates in this study were 20% gram positive, 40% gram negative bacilli, 28% gram positive cocci and12% Gram negative spiral. Genetic analysis results for the basil sample showed that the strain was 100% consistent with the Bacillus Cereus strain LS24. The dominant strain had a minimum inhibitory concentration just 1000 ppm at a temperature of 40°C, pH 7 and 150 rpm. This bacterium was removed 62.8% of arsenic from the solution. Superior strain was Bacillus cereus LS24 by biochemical and genetic methods.

L-asparaginase is an anti-neoplastic therapeutic agent used in the chemotherapy of lymphoblastic leukemia. Microorganisms are the best source for L-asparaginase production. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify l-asparaginase-producing bacteria from environmental samples. e. g. soil, water and different parts of plants.

The primary isolation was performed on nutrient agar (NA) and Luria Bertoni (LB) agar and then collected strains cultured on differential asparagine dextrose salts (ADS) agar medium. Asparaginase producing colonies were selected on the basis of formation of the pink color zone around the colonies. Colored colonies were selected for further enzyme activity studies using l-asparagine as a substrate. The amount of ammonia released was assayed by Nessler’s method and enzyme activity expressed as units per milligram of protein. The best strain was identified using morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics and 16S rRNA sequence homology.

The results showed that among isolated strains, strain 105 exhibited high enzyme activity and was identified as Enterobacter sp. strain 105 that registered as accession number KX821734 in NCBI GenBank. The optimal enzyme-producing conditions were as follows: 1.5 % (w/v) starch as carbon source, 1.5 % (w/v) ammonium sulfate as the nitrogen source and initial pH 6. Specific enzyme activity at the best condition was 9.42 units / mg protein.

The ability of this strain in asparaginase activity shows that with further studies we can produce this enzyme for industrial purposes.

In the present era, prevalence of cancer is increasing all over the world. So far, a variety of methods have been used to cure and stop cancer, but this disease resistance to current anticancer drugs has created a new need to new pharmaceutical compounds and drug delivery system. Immune deficiency can lead to tumor growth and progression. Therefore, cancer immunotherapy is amongst methods that prevent tumor growth. Exosomes are normal nano- carriers which have been distributed widely in the body fluids and are involved in various diseases processes, including tumorigenic. Exosomes have various advantages. They are non-toxic and non- immunogenic, they are capable of being designed to determine specific target and deliver drug. Therefore, they are used as a strong nano-structure to present anti-cancer drugs with the aim to treat cancer. This method has advanced to ease its usage in medical programs and biotechnology techniques. In this review paper, we investigate the development of Exosomes-based drug delivery systems over time and its advantages and functions. Effectiveness studies on exosome nano-particles using cancer cells and biological models as well as clinical trial are also discussed.