نشریه بیولوژی کاربردی
سال نهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 33، بهار 1398)

Anxiety is a common disorder of unknown origin is associated with an unpleasant feeling .According to the anxiolytic effects TC traditional medicine , trachyspermum Copticum effect on anxity male Wistar rats were investigated. trachyspermum copticum seed after detection by the University Herbarium, hydro-alcoholic extract was extracted by Soxhlet and the extract powder was prepared using smart legitimate. In this study, male Wistar rats (230 ± 20 g) were placed In groups intact, recipient of the DMSO (solvent extraction) (0.3 cc), received extract in different doses of 50, 25, 15 mg/kg. All injections were performed intraperitoneally. Half an hour after injection,anxity was measured using the elevated plus maze.Indicators of anxity for 5 minutes,including time spent and number of entries into the open arm was recorded. Data were analyzed by ANOVA statistical tests and Tukey test (p <0.05) .The results showed that the group receiving the extract solvent (DMSO) compared to intact in time spent and number of entries into the open arm does not show a significant difference. The group receiving a dose 15 mg/kg compared to the group receiving DMSO in time spent and number of entries into the open arm showed a significant increase. C. copticum hydro-alcoholic extract anxiolytic effects in low doses. Keywords: hydroalcoholic extract, Trachyspermum copticum, Anxiety, elevated plus maze, Male rats.

Heavy metals causing the pollution of environment through industrial activities. biological methods have been used to remove toxic element that compared to other methods are promising technologies with higher efficiency and lower cost. The aim of this study was to isolate strains with high tolerance to arsenic from 3 area of groundwater Sirjan. were cultured on LB agar medium containing 5ppm arsenic. After 24h incubation, 25 colonies of resistant strains were isolated. DNA was extracted by using phenol chloroform method and contaminated samples were examined by PCR reaction. In order to detect microorganisms by molecular methods , 16SrDNA primers were used. Amount of growth was determined by spectrophotometry at 600 nm in 24h. Antimicrobial resistance patterns and biosorption analysis was performed by method of antibiogram and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The strain was identified by 16SrDNA PCR sequencing. Results and From 100% of bacterial isolates in this study were 20% gram positive, 40% gram negative bacilli, 28% gram positive cocci and12% Gram negative spiral. Genetic analysis results for the basil sample showed that the strain was 100% consistent with the Bacillus Cereus strain LS24. The dominant strain had a minimum inhibitory concentration just 1000 ppm at a temperature of 40°C, pH 7 and 150 rpm. This bacterium was removed 62.8% of arsenic from the solution. Superior strain was Bacillus cereus LS24 by biochemical and genetic methods.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes of infection in hospitals. The increasing resistance of these bacteria to antibiotics is a concern for public health. Therefore, in order to accurately control and control Staphylococcus aureus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among nurses of Pasteur hospital in Bam. This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 200 nurses including 40 males and 160 females in 1394. After taking samples from the anterior part of the nose, cultivation was performed in selected environments and biochemical tests of the bacterial species were detected. The antibiotic resistance of the staphylococcus specimens isolated by diffusion method according to CLSI standard method was investigated. The findings of this study indicate the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among nurses. 52 cases (26%) of 13 men and 39 women were MRSA carriers, 20 resistant to cefoxitin and 18 were oxacillin-resistant. Therefore, it can be concluded that the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is low, however, given that nurses with patients and different parts of the hospital such as emergency room, surgery, CCU, obstetrics and gynecology, ICU and other parts in Therefore, proper selection and accurate treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections is important.

Escherichia coli includes a wide range of different strains in ecosystems with huge diversity in their genomes. Some strains cause serious diseases, such as Urinary Tract Infections (UTI). Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most frequent agent causing UTI in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of O-serogroups among E. coli isolated from patients with UTI in Isfahan province and genetic classification of O25 serogroup isolates by ERIC-PCR method. 226 urine samples from patients with UTI were collected from hospitals in Isfahan province. E. coli isolates were identified using standard methods. Serogroups of these isolates were determined by PCR method and genetic classification of isolates with serogroup O25 was performed using ERIC-PCR method. A total of 96 E. coli strains were isolated from the urine samples. The most common types of O antigens were O25(37.5%), O21(9.37%) and O6(8.33%). The genetic classification of isolates with serogroup O25 showed 25 different profiles among these 36 isolates ERIC-PCR technique is a quick, sharp and cost-effective method. It seemed that this technique to be a good approach for molecular typing of E. coli strains isolated from different urinary tract infections sources.

Using antioxidants is a known method to increase the number of follicles and ovulation in animals and humans. Curcumin inhibits lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase. Hence in this study, we examine the effects of different concentrations of curcumin on ovarian tissue culture in NMRI species mice. In this study, 40 varies of female mouse with five weeks ages are transferred to organ culture containers. Studied groups treated by different concentrations of curcumin (10, 20, 40, 80) ng/ml. The ovaries were cultured for 6 days and studied in the case of number of follicles and single layers size and granulosa and analyzed by SPSS software version 20 and ANOVA test. The number of single layer primary follicles in control group (2/3 ± 7/15) and treat groups with 10, 20, 40, 80 ng/ml concentrations of curcumin were (9/5 ± 3/33, 0/5 ± 0/31, 2/4 ± 5/31, 2/3 ± 7/15) respectively which showed a significant increase in all of the treat groups compared with control group (P <0.05). There is also a significant increase in the number of mature follicles in the number of mature follicles cultured in control group (0/4±40) compared with treat group with 10 ng/ml (2/3 ± 5/48). According to the obtained results on the number and quality of follicles, it seem that this method is effective in production, maintain and development of ovarian follicles in culture medium.

Aflatoxins are carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced primarily by the fungal species Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Foods and feeds especially in warm climates, are susceptible to invasion by aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species and the subsequent production of aflatoxins during preharvesting, processing, transportation or storage. Since Iran is one of the largest producers of pistachios in the world, the aim of this study is investigation of the expression of aflR gene, one of the most essential genes for producing of Aflatoxin, by molecular method in toxigenic Aspergillus flavus isolated from Rafsanjan’s Pistachio, First time in Iran. Randomly, 1000 Pistachios, were collected from 10 dried fruits wholesales in Rafsanjan city. The species of A. flavus were identified morphologically. In the next step RNA of the A. flavus was extracted. RT-PCR technique was used for amplifying of aflR gene. Consequently, 41 Aspergillus flavus species were isolated from pistachioes. Overall, 9 samples (21.4%) were positive for aflR expression gene. Toxigenic fungus like Aspergillus flavus can grow on nuts which appropriately stored, such as pistachio, corn, peanuts, nuts, wheat and etc. So a molecular method is necessary for exact and rapid detection of these toxigenic fungi. The genes which participate in toxin maturity pathway, like aflR, can be used for valid probing and also were used for this study.

Water, soil and crops pollution to lead is the result of human activities. This research was conducted with the aim of studying the amount of lead in vegetables, water and soil of farmland in Dezful. 48 vegetable samples (mint and basil), 12 samples of water and 12 soil samples were taken from farmland (south and east) of Dezful during the summer of 2016. Determination of lead element in samples was performed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that mean concentration of lead in basil and mint were 6.85±3.11and 7.3± 8.23 mg kg-1, respectively. Also, Mean concentration of lead in water and soil were 20.64 mg l-1 and 0.49 mg.kg-1, respectively, so that concentration means in basil and mint higher than standard levels (WHO/FAO). The strong correlation between the concentration of heavy metals in vegetables (basil and mint) and their concentration on the water and farmlands soil there which represents the simple transfer of heavy metals from water and soil to vegetables.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative pathogen and common cause of nosocomial infections. Increasing the emergence of multi-drug resistance in Klebsiella pneumonia has limited therapeutic options for this bacterium. The aim of this study was to molecular identification of TEM and CTX genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples of hospitals in Iranshahr city. 50 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae within 6 months, were collected from patients admitted to the intensive care unit of hospitals in Iranshahr. The isolates were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae based on biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by disc diffusion method. To molecular identification of TEM and CTX genes, PCR was performed. Based on the results of PCR, 43 (86%) of the samples had phenotypic ESBL enzymes, 20 (47%) had CTX gene, 8 (18%) had TEM gene, and 15 (34%) had Both the CTX and TEM genes. The results of this study showed a high prevalence (P <0.05) of multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and ESBL-resistant isolates in ICU patients, which emphasizes the appropriate policies for controlling infection.

In recent years, ability of microorganisms to synthesize nanoparticles of various sizes, shapes and morphologies, has gained extreme attentions. the point of this study is Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by a native Halotolerant Actinomycete strain Isolated from Soils of Saline Lake Qom.

In the present study, synthesis and characterization, of silver nanoparticles from native isolate of halotolerant Actinomycete strain has been reported. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by adding the dried biomass of halotolerant actinomycete isolate with 10-3M of nitrate solution adjusted pH 7.2 and in M9 liquid medium. Silver nanoparticles were characterized using ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (UV-VIS) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR), beam X Ray Diffraction(XRD), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), and imaging with Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM).

The results obtained from ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (UV-VIS) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR) and beam X Ray Diffraction (XRD), Of the halotolerant actinomycetes strains, the isolate NO.3 was able produce silver nanoparticles under different environmental conditions. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), and imaging with Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) showed that the average size of silver nanoparticles obtained 28 to100 nm. The results indicated that production of silver nanoparticles was extracellular.

The results showed that the native halotolerant actinomycete strains can synthesize silver nanoparticles under different environmental conditions . Keywords: silver nanoparticles, Biosynthesis, halotolerant actinomycetes.

Microsystemin is a brain heptapide that is known as the most abundant cyanotoxin produced in the world's most extensive distribution, and is the most commonly produced hepatotoxin produced by cyanobacteria. This complication affects vertebrate cells, and thus the cyanotoxins are limited to limbs, which, like the liver, express and transport anionic organic carriers on their cells. In this study, the expression of BAX and BCL2 genes in the HepG2 cell line under the influence of Microsystemin was investigated using Real-TimePCR, so that it can be studied further by studying the mechanism and its effect as an appropriate target for treatment. Liver cancer. At first, HepG2 Cell Cell Passage was performed, then MTTassay test was performed. Next, RNA extraction and CDNA extraction were used and the RNA sample was purified from the nanotypic spectrophotometer, then the specific and suitable primers for the desired gene were designed And synthesized and using the Real-Time PCR, the expression of Bax and BCL2 genes was measured The BAX gene was expanded as a pro-apoptosis, and the more hepG2 was exposed to venom, the higher the expression of BAX, and the expression of BCL2 decreased, and in this case the cell went to apoptosis