مجله مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی
پیاپی 47 (تابستان 1398)

Sense of security has been historically one of the basic human needs. So the aim of this study is to find out whether the second generation CPTED principles in the Islamic texture of Fahadan neighborhood have been effective in sense of security or not? In this study, indicators of community culture, connectivity, threshold capacity and social cohesion are used as second-generation CPTED principles and the sense of security is used as dependent variable. This is a survey research and was conducted through a questionnaire survey. By using probability sampling (kokran method), 364 residents living in Islamic texture of Fahadan were selected. The T-test was used to check whether there is a sense of security in this context or not. In the next step, according to the types of variables, Pearson correlation test was used. The results showed that level of Fahadan neighborhood sense of security with an average of 3.62 on the Likert scale has a suitable situation but this indicator has completely inverse relationship with second generation CPTED principles in the Islamic texture. The results in terms of analyzing sense of security according to sex showed that men, unlike women are feeling more secure in Islamic texture according to these principles. By analyzing the results, it became clear that the existing sense of security in the Islamic texture was not related to second generation CPTED principles and the cause of it should be in other fields.

Today, the tourism industry as a dynamic and inclusive system embraces all the pillars of a global community. Tourism is one of the world's largest industries and affiliated with a large part of the global economy, a phenomenon that is characterized by high mobility in economic, political, Has a social and environmental impact that has an impact on the economic, social and environmental factors, resulting in various effects and consequences. From the issues and problems of the tourism sector in Iran, the position of the tourism sector in the country's planning system, planning and management weakness, lack Trained program for tourism, weakness in infrastructure and circulation services. The study area of this research is the city of Soyma Sara. This city, having natural and human potential, can become one of the tourism poles and one of the major tourist destinations. The present paper is an explanation and ranking of effective indicators for sustainable tourism development. The research methodology is descriptive-analytical, library studies and questionnaire, and it is based on the assumption that what indicators are effective in the development of tourism in the city. The results show This region is one of the most beautiful and most talented areas in the province. It is one of the tourist hubs. Considering the capabilities and potential of the study area with the development of infrastructure and tourism services, quantitative and qualitative tourism can be taken in the light of developments Tourism in this area.

Methodology The current research is of a descriptive-analytical and Data collection method is by completing the questionnaire in the format of the Likert specturm and research questions through the software SPSS and Excel, Maps are provided using the ARC GIS software.

The results of the research show that there is a direct relationship between tourism and rural entrepreneurship development. Indeed, Rural development has increased the opportunities for entrepreneurship and employment growth in rural areas. Based on the results of this research and other mentioned studies can be concluded that rural tourism plays a significant role in rural entrepreneurship, and many developing countries focus their planning towards the development of rural tourism and their competitive ability in tourism market. The incline in tourism capability causes noticeable prosperity, a sharp increase in entrepreneurship opportunities and a drastic rise in employment in rural regions. Keyword: economic development, rural entrepreneurship, rural tourism, rural areas.

Attention Renovation and upgrading old urban tissue to improve the urban productivity, Reducing the damage caused by the occurrence of earthquakes, Achieving social justice, Poverty elimination inhabitants and is matter essential the potential of the city One of the steps before attempting to renovate and upgrade old texture Identify and priority textures In terms of access to urban services and applications. In this study to order investigation Distribution Service the old urban texture old twelve neighborhoods old texture of Minab. The research method is descriptive – analytical and based on documents and library resources. For ranking neighborhoods was used Location Quotient method (LQ), and entropy and TOPSIS. The results indicate that the ratio between neighborhoods it is expressed that neighborhoods shahied abaspoor and lab rodkhaneh is better conditions than the other neighborhoods. And neighborhoods Sajjad, Sheikh Abad and BaghMalk the Location Quotient land uses Ha has been very unfavorable conditions and Location Quotient majority land uses in neighborhoods in level zero. uses. Then, using a combination of entropy-topsis neighborhoods texture old mibab were categorized In terms of fruition in the three categories fruition, Semi deprived, deprived. As a result, neighborhoods joie bariko,sajadie,gre salehi and jangjo in first priority and shahrak naft,lariha,lab rodkhaneh and shahied abaspoor in The second priority and Sajjad ,Sheikh Abad,baghmalek and paykoh in The third priority are development programs.

The aim of this paper is to examine the role of specific activity - producing rose (and herbs), rosewater (and other herbal extracts) in traditional way – on the economic, social and physical- ecological development of settlements of Kashan. Producing rose, rosewater and distillation of other traditional medicinal herbs for the preparation of herbal medicines, veterinary medicine, food condiments and spices, perfumery, health & beauty products in the small indigenous and local industries especially agroindustry and processing, is important in terms of treatment and prevention of diseases, marketing and economic development, job creation and utilization of comparative advantages, rehabilitation and development of indigenous knowledge, contribute to sustainable development of settlements, ecotourism and farm tourism development, employment diversification, indigenous knowledge and industry. This applied research has been done in descriptive-analytical method; two types of questionnaires were used for field study; for flower-cultivators and owners of traditional rosewater workshops. 231 people from 28 settlements in Kashan County with more than 50% of the acreage of the agricultural sector and practitioners in the field were selected as sample. For determining settlement development Vikor were used. The results showed that there is a significant, direct and relatively strong relationship between the job components of rose-growing, producing rosewater, with settlement development, and economic, social and physical-ecological functions of rose-growing and producing rosewater has a significant impact on development of settlements.

Reconstruction of rural settlements of natural disasters, particularly earthquakes SybDydh one of the most important approaches to disaster management and efforts are being made at this stage comes to the various effects on rural development and specifically on the vitality of its residents. In general, three major reconstruction policies, such as integration, relocation planning Drjasazy been used. The objective is to evaluate the practices to research rural SkvntgaHhay reconstruction after the 1369 earthquake disaster and its impact on rural vitality Democrats. Functional and descriptive analytical study based on data collected through field study through questionnaires is required. 13 political districts rural areas located within Dastjerdeh (city Tarom) has been selected for the study. The number of families living in the village in 1390, over 2083 cases, using a sample of 280 households chosen randomly Grdydv questionnaire distributed in the villages. To analyze the data, the statistical tests such as single-sample t, t the sample, factor analysis and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. The results show that the reconstruction of the villages’ MyDhd SybDydh the earthquake had a negative impact on residents and based on the average vitality index, the change is significant at 99%. Lvnz test vitality index difference created by the two different ways in comfort, BhdashtMhyt, safety and security, infrastructure, aesthetics is significant. Kruskal-Wallis test results show that the ranking was rebuilt settlements, most of the changes in the dimensions of vitality in the village has been Dastjerdeh.

The dismantling method since the beginning of the design process makes it possible to reuse the components and materials of the building. This will reduce the consumption of new resources and energy,the waste generation and will protect the environment. The study of vernacular architecture in some regions shows similar principles in the structure of buildings with the principle of dismantling. A kind of vernacular architecture exists in northern Iran and in Guilan province. Guilan's vernacular rural architecture has its own unique structural and formal features whose its components are capable of dismantling due to the run technique ,type of fittings and proper materials. The purpose of this research is to define the dismantling, principles, objectives and its benefits as well as the investigation of Guilan rural vernacular architecture and its constituent structures and the degree of adaptability of this architecture to dismantling method. The research method is descriptive-analytic. Based on library and documentary studies and collecting field information, the data will be collected and analyzed.The statistical population includes rural vernacular houses of Guilan and sample size is some selected buildings chosen by targeted selection technique. The results of analyzes show that Guilan's vernacular rural architecture has the ability to dismantle due to the implementation technique, the use of fittings and appropriate materials and conforms to the principles of dismantling

The objective of this research is to analyze the role of tourism on land use changes in rural and urban area in Klardasht township. . The method of this research is descriptive and analytical based on survey. The data of this research is collected from field observation, interview and satellite images.in order to create land cover map and change detection, satellite images for the years 1987, 2000, 2010 and 2015 were used. The process of analysis of satellite images such as making raster layer was carried out with Erdas 2014 software. Then Thematic Maps were produced through ArcGis 10.4 software. The main and important factor of driving force and pressure in land use change in this area was uncontrolled tourism development. Findings of field observation, interview and satellite images show the huge part of land use of forest, orchard and farm in the study area have changed and converted to built area during years 1987 to 2015. In such a way that with respect to demand in land purchasing and building of second homes and development of facilities and services related to tourism considering lack of efficient management and serious shortcomings in executing rules and regulations, tourism development had great roles in such changes

Considering the importance of the social capacity building to improve the management of rural development. Iran should rely on the knowledge-based management, rural development and for the realization of the knowledge based platforms provide in villages. The main objective of this study is to analyze the effects of social capacity building on management of rural development is a warm city. The method based on the purpose and use of the cross-sectional nature of the study population, including the rural people over age 15 living in rural areas, is warmly city (N= 37653), Of which 400 were selected as sample using Cochran formula. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. Pilot study in the same region with a total of 30 questionnaires were population and business data and using a special formula Cronbach's alpha software SPSS, reliability of the questionnaire research questionnaire 0/73 to 0/82, respectively. In the end, analytical results showed that the relationship between education and extension, self-esteem, quality of life, social cohesion, social services, technical and management skills, strengthen social interactions and strengthen grassroots organizations to improve the management of rural development and significant correlation there is finally according to findings, and practical suggestions are provided.

In response to these problems Several initiatives were implemented that maybe most important of them were Conductor and comprehensive plans, But for various reasons the project failed and Today in developed countries are completely obsolete. Comprehensive and detailed plan was causing inefficiency in the world until urban planning moved toward the other approaches like systematic planning will show the feature highly in response to the problems of urban planning to enter the field of urban development and urbanism. In a world that is rapidly increasing urbanization The role of cities as drivers of economic growth is more important. This matter in less-developed countries that are facing an unprecedented increase in the rate of urbanization, necessary to make informed decisions and implement new approaches to urban development planning is inevitable. City development strategy is a tool that can help cities to utilize urbanization opportunities and enable the city to create more opportunities by development of planning institutions. Thus, a strategic perspective on investment and growth in order to take advantage of opportunities for cities is crucial. In this paper the research method is descriptive- analytic and type of applied. In this study, we tried to evaluate city kazeroon in fars province by collecting information through questionnaires in indexes like that: Livability, Competitiveness, bankability and Urban governance and after Identify city existing conditions, Using SWOT analysis techniques viable solution strategies to achieve the vision of future urban development, and offered suggestions.

The supply of affordable housing is one of the problems that people are facing in everyday life of human communities. This study attempts to evaluate the attitude Mehr Housing residents in Kashan toward the social, economic and physical. The research method is descriptive - analytic. For collecting the data is collected through a questionnaire distributed to 150 the number of people living in Mehr Housing. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistical tests Test-T and ANOVA using SPSS and to establish and modeling the effects from structural equation modeling was used in the software AMOS. T test results indicate significant effects in the indicator Mehr Housin is examined views of residents. The analyze of findings by structural equation modeling showing that amoung of physical condition with 0/94 variable loadings has most important about views of residents. Also, by measuring the interaction between the study variables it was found that the impact on each physical factor - vary from 850 by a factor of social, economic factors - physical with the time factor and the economic factor 49/0 - 45/0 social factor load. On the other hand improve the quality of their physical structure can lead to increased satisfaction of social factors and vice versa. Economic aspects as well as the satisfaction of the satisfaction of social and physical dimensions has a significant positive effect.

Among the major problems of today's tourism industry is the lack of competitiveness. One of the pillars of this problem is the lack of a clear approach to enhance competitiveness there is also a direct link between increasing the competitiveness of a country and the competitive strength of the firm. Competitiveness of tourism destination is considered as one of the most important types of spatial competitiveness and an endogenous growth and development industry in many cities around the world. Sarein District has a combination of human and natural attractions and is ecotourist with many abilities. So far, various models have been proposed for tourism competitiveness. The aim of this paper is to investigate the factors affecting the tourism competitiveness of Sarein region by utilizing and integrating the two Karachi-Richi and Kano models. The research was carried out with a survey of 573 questionnaires among tourists, business people and local people during the period from June 15 to August 15, 1396. The results were analyzed using factor analysis and LISREL software. Findings indicate that among the six indicators in the consolidation model, priority axis resources, destination management, reinforcement factors, policy planning and destination development, tourist’s satisfaction, factors and backup resources are the priorities.

TOne of the characteristics of the settlement system in developing countries is intense focus and spatial imbalance, which in some cases is due to the effects of polar growth policies. Research methods in applied study descriptive and analytical approach to governing . This scheme for the rural areas and 38 indicators, factor analysis was used . The results of the application of Moran's index of spatial distribution of positive and equal to 0/237 or more. And given that the Z-Score value is equal to 16/38 was estimated at 1% confidence level was greater than expected: (EI = 2.58) is, As a result of the spatial distribution of cluster development in rural areas is approved. Also, the General G statistic equal to 0/25 to Z Rating 3/96, which is at 0/01 is significant and indicates that the spatial pattern of development in rural areas of Ramsar city is clustered. The results show that , in 63 villages in the city of Ramsar criteria for rural development , rural women are directly related to employment . This analysis confirmed the bivariate Moran's test, and the results indicate a direct impact on rural women's role in rural development, and 33 percent in rural areas is the city of Ramsar.

Abstract Prioritization of selected touristic sites according to multi criteria decision technics, with the purpose of determining the tourism potentials of these areas for tourism planning, development and investment and launching reconstruction projects counts is considered as a necessary approach to the process leading to uniform and sustainable development of rural areas and prevention of waste of time and money. In this research instances rural touristic areas in west Guilan are prioritized for tourism development and investment. To do this a descriptive-analytic approach is used along with 29 criteria, 11 of which concerning natural and human attractions, 5 regarding tourists attracting domain, and 9 involving authorized and programmable land area. Findings resulted from analytical hierarchy process (AHP) demonstrated that Lisar area, as a selected touristic site, was ranked as number one for tourism planning and development. This is because of the beautiful beach and historical sites in Lisar, its artificial, cultural and social attractions, as well as the touristic route with beautiful scenery. Esteel lagoon, regarded as having natural and human attractions such as lagoon, lake, penetrable forest, historical sites and social and cultural attractions stands second for tourism planning and development. Touristic village of Guisoom, being a part of Talesh county, with sand beach, forest route, and artificial and natural attractions achieved a rating of three for tourism planning and development

Throughout history, human beings have experienced the scenes of war and military adventures, and less land has survived from this pest. It is imperative and inevitable to strengthen the urban defense facilities, to set up risk aversion routes, to improve the status of services that are necessary at the time of defense. In this perspective, the human effort to survive has to be equipped with threats. The city is a dense human habitat, which, due to human presence, needs security and safety in all its physical, social, economic, and cultural dimensions. Based on the importance of the subject, the present study is based on the developmental-applied approach and a combination of research methods A descriptive-analytical study of the subject in Gomishan city has been analyzed by providing a city method and effective urban elements in the field of passive defense from the perspective of distance from the center of the city of Gomishan, which seeks to reduce the potential damage caused by human hazards. And natural in the city. The occurrence of natural and human events will cause heavy casualties in the cities. The issue of paying attention to the dimensions of harm and the disassembly of standards will inevitably make the city more comfortable from the perspective of passive defense in order to identify vulnerable elements with a passive defense approach. The city of Gomishan, according to previous studies in this field Neither hierarchical method was used. In this regard, after the identification of the criteria