مجله روانشناسی نظامی
پیاپی 38 (تابستان 1398)

Due to their stressful occupational conditions, military staff is continuously exposed to serious dangers, which affects their mental health. Hence, this study aims to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and cognitive emotion regulation with psychological well-being among the staff of a military organization. The research method is descriptive correlational and predictive. The sample included 140 members of a military organization in Zahedan, Iran. To collect the required data, the Shearer and Maddux Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (1982), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Scale (Garnefski, Kraaij and Spinhoven, 2001) and the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (1989) were employed. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between self-efficacy and cognitive emotion regulation with psychological well-being (p≤0.001). The results of stepwise regression analysis indicated that self-efficacy and cognitive emotion regulation predict psychological well-being. Holding continuous training workshops on self-efficacy and cognitive emotion regulation aimed at enhancing psychological well-being and operational skills of military staff can prevent job burnout among them.

Given the psychological and physical problems of disabled veterans and their effects on marital life, it is important to study the factors associated with the adjustment of disabled veterans' wives who suffer from unusual pressures. The current study aims to investigate the predictive role of attachment styles based on the marital adjustment of disabled veterans’ wives.

This is a descriptive correlational study. The data were collected from 200 disabled veterans’ wives using the availability sampling method. To collect the data, the Marital Adjustment Questionnaire and the Hazan and Shayver Adult Attachment Style Scale (1987) were employed. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.

The results showed a negative correlation between avoidance and anxiety (attachment styles) and marital adjustment and a positive correlation between marital adjustment and safe attachment style.

These results can be used to predict couples’ marital adjustment in premarital counselling by determining their attachment styles, and, if required, they can be given the necessary training so that satisfaction and adjustment may be enhanced in their lives. Satisfaction can further be improved by evaluating attachment styles and giving training on unsafe adjustment styles in family counseling.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive self-compassion interventions on improving self-determination needs (autonomy, competence and perceived communication) and academic procrastination and resiliency among the depressed female students in a military residential complex.

The design of the study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and experimental and control groups. The sample included 40 female students selected from among the depressed female students (first and second high school) in a military residential complex and assigned into an experimental and a control group. Then the experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of cognitive self-compassion training while the control group received no training. The research instruments were the Sorybo et al. Self-Determination Needs Scale (2009), the Kakici Academic Procrastination Scale (2003) and the Samuel Academic Resiliency Questionnaire (2004). To analyze the data, the SPSS software and analysis of covariance were used.

The results showed significant differences between the two groups.

It can be concluded that cognitive self-compassion interventions improve self-determination needs (autonomy, competence and perceived communication) and academic procrastination and resiliency among depressed female students.

The purpose of this study is to predict shooting performance which is one of the essential skills of military personnel through such psychological dimensions as cognitive readiness, cognitive emotion regulation and mindfulness.

Students from one of the military centers in Tehran served as the research population from among whom a sample of 326 subjects was selected based on Morgan's and Krejsi's tables using the multiple cluster sampling method. The research method is descriptive correlational and to assess the cognitive readiness variable and its dimensions, the self-efficacy, meta-cognitive awareness, hardiness, five-factor personality (neo) and control source questionnaires as well as the cognitive-emotional regulation and mindfulness questionnaires were used. Then shooting was carried out using an air gun. The data from the questionnaires and the shooting test were analyzed by the 19th version of SPSS.

All of the studied variables except meta-cognitive awareness can predict shooting performance, and self-efficacy has a higher percentage among the cognitive readiness dimensions. Next to it is mindfulness which predicts more than 40% of the variance and has a significant relationship at 0.05% level.

Shooting skill in military forces is highly influenced by psychological constructs. For shooting, first, you need to have a high level of mindfulness to be aware of all the conditions. Then how to control anxiety is important. Among the solutions, self-efficacy and source of control can be mentioned. The results show that having psychological knowledge will improve shooting skill in dynamic and complex environments.

Although war finished years ago, disabled veterans’ families, especially their wives, are still suffering from a lot of physical and psychological problems, which can seriously affect their well-being. The present study aimed to examine the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) approach and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) approach on the resiliency and quality of life among disabled veterans’ wives with PTSD.

In the present semi-experimental study, a pretest and a posttest were administered to the experimental and control groups, and the follow-up phase was carried out a month later. The statistical population included all the psychiatric disabled veterans’ wives with PTSD in Kuhdasht, Iran. A sample of 51 subjects was selected and randomly divided into 3 group .13 individuals were randomly assigned into the acceptance and commitment therapy group, 13 into the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy group, and 15 into the control group. WHOQOL- BREF and CD-RISC questionnaires were employed as the data collection instruments.

The results of the present study revealed that ACT and MBCT approaches enhanced the participants’ scores in resiliency and quality of life (p<0.01). The results of one-month follow-up study further indicated that the effect remained unchanged (p<0.01). Both interventions were affective and a comparison of the two approaches indicated that ACT has more efficiency.

The results of the present study showed that both ACT and MBCT approaches enhanced resiliency and quality of life among the disabled veterans’ wives with PTSD.

The present study deals with a comparison of distress tolerance, mental health and conflict management among native and nonnative soldiers in a military organization.

The research population included 750 single soldiers. They were in service in fall, 2017, had served 5 to 17 months of their military service and their education level was from the fifth grade of primary school to high school diploma. From among them, a sample of 250 soldiers was selected using the multi-stage sampling method and Morgan Table. Considering the research method and native/nonnative criterion, the sample was divided into two groups, and they answered the Distress Tolerance Scale, the Polotzin and Elison's Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire and the Robbins’ Conflict Management Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

The results indicated a significant difference between the two groups in distress tolerance (F=105.224, p<0.001), but they were not different in spiritual well-being. It was further revealed that, in conflict management, the difference between the two groups was meaningful in compromise style (F=75.62, p<0.001), but in the other two methods (competition and avoidance) no difference was observed.

Considering the results, we can conclude that native soldiers have higher distress tolerance ability than nonnative ones, and they utilize compromise as an efficient conflict management method.