Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences
Volume:11 Issue: 4, Oct 2019

The common bed bug (Cimex lectularius) is a small hematophagous and wingless insect of the order of Hemiptera and the Cimex genus. This insect is mainly nocturnal and feeds specifically on humans.

This systematic review reflects the distribution of the bed bug and this is a hypothesis about the relationship between the mean of humidity and temperature with the bed bug infestation that the meta-analysis evaluates.
Data Sources: Various electronic databases were investigated for choosing reliable research by suitable keywords during 1995 to 2019. Relevant studies were accepted regarding to the inclusion criteria. Cochrane Q and I2 statistics were used to evaluate heterogeneity and inconsistency. Small study effects were assessed by Egger’s regression test. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA12 software.

Four researches were entered in this review based on inclusion criteria. According to previous studies, the prevalence of bed bug infestation was reported to be from 2.8% to 90.1% in Iran. Despite of an extensive range of insect infestation, only the reports of the bed bug distribution were published in the Kohgiluye-and-Buyer Ahmad, Esfahan and Mazandaran provinces. The weighted mean of prevalence of common bed bug infestation was obtained using random effects method. The summary estimate of the prevalence was 0.28 [95% CI: (-0.01 - 0.71)].

The current study showed that the prevalence of the common bed bug is mainly focused on the southern, south-western and northern provinces of Iran. Moreover, the bed bug can be called a neglected urban pest, which needs further investigation to know its distribution in the country

Sexual identity is an individual’s sense of masculinity or femininity that has a positive effect on his/her mental health and well-being.

The current study aimed at providing sex education based on mindfulness training and Islamic teachings in improving satisfaction with sexual identity among Iranian male adolescents aged 12 - 15 years.

The current quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group was conducted on a sample of 60 male adolescents selected using a multistage cluster sampling method, and every 20 subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental or a control group. The measurement tool was a researcher-made questionnaire on satisfaction with sexual identity to measure four emotional, perceptual, behavioral, and social subscales. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the whole questionnaire and the subscales were 0.76 and 0.65, respectively. Its validity was confirmed by internal consistency.

Results of analysis of covariance showed that the scores of the groups were significantly different in satisfaction with sexual identity and its perceptual and social subscales. There was a significant difference between the experimental group trained by Islamic teachings and the control group in the emotional subscale. Concerning all of the subscales, the means of the experimental group trained by Islamic teachings were higher than those of the group received mindfulness training.

According to the current study results, it can be concluded that sex education based on mindfulness training and Islamic teachings should necessarily be considered in school curriculums developed for adolescents to improve their mental health and prevent them from social harm

The health service centers should have the ability to protect people while facing a natural or man-made disaster and present appropriate performance in disasters.

The current study was designed aiming at studying the performance, structural, and non-structural preparedness level of health service centers of Dashti city in Bushehr province.

This study was performed in 2018. The data collection tool was the standard observational checklist of the world health organization. Sampling was done using a census method to study all health service centers. The data were analyzed with Excel software and descriptive statistics were calculated.

In terms of the performance and preparedness, the investigated health service centers obtained a total score of 39.40, which showed the poor level of preparedness. In terms of structural preparedness, a total score of 77.57 was measured that showed the health service centers were at a good level of structural preparedness. The score of 56.59 for non-structural preparedness revealed a moderate level of non-structural preparedness.

The investigated health service centers in terms of performance were in a poor situation. In terms of the structural dimension, due to improvements accomplished in two recent years, the investigated centers were in a good level of preparedness; but, in terms of the non-structural elements, they were placed in the moderate level. Thus, strategic planning and promotion of health service centers’ preparedness are necessary

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (cSCC) is an invasive primary cutaneous malignancy and the second common cancer among whites.

To define the frequency and epidemiologic features of cSCC.

This study was carried out on 311 patients referred to the Department of Dermatology at Faghihi Hospital of Shiraz, Southwest Iran, between 2015 - 2016. cSCC was diagnosed by pathologists using the standard criteria. The reports were collected along with general information such as age, sex, location, type, and depth of invasion; then it was analyzed by using the statistical software known as SPSS version 23.0 and Minitab software version 18. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the statistical significance. A P value lower than 0.05 was considered as significant.

The age range of patients was 21 - 95 years old with an average age of 67.63. The sex ratio (male to female) was 2.87 for the total number of cases. The most common stage was well differentiation 97 (31.2%). The most frequent tumor thickness was between two to four millimeters and the most frequent lesion locations were the nose and then the scalp.

The frequency of cSCC increased over the years in regards to patients that were referred to the Faghihi Hospital. This results along with other data which are available from other hospitals and medical centers confirm that the frequency of cSCC is increasing in Iran and plan for management of cSCC is essential, nationally

The soil heavy metal pollution caused by human activities is one of the main environmental problems. Therefore, it is necessary to use appropriate methods to remediate such soils.

The current study aimed at investigating the effect of Hydroxyl Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (HEDTA), Trans-1,2-Cyclohexylene Dinitrilo Tetra Acetic Acid (CDTA), and Ethylene Glycol-bis (β-Aminoethyl Ether)-N,N,N’,N’-Tetra Acetic Acid (EGTA) chelates on Pb and Zn removal efficiency in a Pb and Zn contaminated soil.

This research was performed as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four levels of chelate application rate (0, 1.5, 3, and 4.5 mM/kg soil), two levels of chelates application times (one or two weeks before harvesting), and plant types (sunflower or canola). At the end of the experiment, Pb and Zn concentrations in the soil and plant samples were measured and the least significant difference (LSD) test was employed to determine the differences between the means.

The effectiveness of studied chelates on the availability of Zn and Pb in soil was in the descending order as HEDTA > CDTA > EGTA. Application of 4.5 mM/kg soil of CDTA chelate under sunflower and canola cultivation caused a significant increase in the availability of Zn and Pb in soil compared to 1.5 mM/kg by 12.2% and 13.3%, respectively. Plant type also had a significant effect on increasing the availability of Pb and Zn in soil.

Plant type, application rate, and chelates type are important factors on remediation of heavy metals in contaminated soil. However, the role of physicochemical properties of soil on its heavy metal availability cannot be ignored

Noise is known as annoying sound that can cause damage in auditory and non-auditory systems in humans and animals. The role of diet in reducing the toxicity of xenobiotics has been growing. Milk has found as one of the nutrients with protective effects against the toxic effects of many chemicals.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of buffalo’s milk (BM) on noise-related injury in rat lung.

Twenty adult male Wistar rats weighing 200 - 250 g were provided and kept under standard conditions. The rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 5). Group one was selected as the control group (without administration of buffalo’s milk (BM) and no noise exposure). The second group was given BM (1 mL/d) and exposed to 100 dB noise for four hours daily within two consecutive weeks. The animals of third group were exposed to 100 dB noise for four h daily through two consecutive weeks and the rats of the forth group were treated with BM (1 mL/d) daily for two consecutive weeks (without noise exposure). Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, all animals were killed with overdose of sodium pentobarbital. The lung tissues were removed and processed for malondialdeyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) biochemical tests and histopathological observations.

Noise exposure increased the level of MDA and reduced GSH level in animals compared to those in the unexposed (control) group. Exposure to noise also caused morphological modification in rat lung. BM did not alter biochemical and histopathological parameters in rat lung compared to the control rats. However, BM significantly decreased MDA and increased GSH levels and caused no obvious damage in the animals exposed to noise.

The results of the present study indicated that noise caused damage in the rat lung and BM protected lung cells against the noise-induced toxicity