فصلنامه مطالعات میان فرهنگی
پیاپی 36 (پاییز 1397)

The purpose of this study was Exploring typology of challenges to fulfill Cultural policy objectives in Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population consisted of all experts, with 396 individuals selected as sample size. Data gathering tool was researcher-made questionnaire with 40-item based on interviews with political and cultural expert. Cronbach's alpha was higher than 0.7 for all dimension; content validity was confirmed by CVR coefficient. To analyze the research data the AIC method was used as a cluster criterion evaluation. The results showed that with 13 stages of rotation three clusters (141 persons), (191 persons) and (64 persons) including 7 dimensions, lack of political consensus, lack of integrated management, political identity, political performance weakness, competing political strife, political insecurity and Political attitudes, became distinct. The first group considered the factors of political identity, the second group the weakness of political performance and the third group identified lack of political support as the most important obstacle to Realizing cultural policy objectives in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In the identity-seeking group, component of reinforcement of Western identity components in policy making, in the performance-seeking group, top-down cultural policy, and in the group of support-seeking, the tendency to resist through rituals was identified as the most important barrier to realizing cultural policy objectives.

The present era in the world of communication and the move towards global civilization has made cultural diplomacy a special manifestation of the elements and components of foreign policy and the effective and sustained engagement in today's world. One of the requirements of this diplomacy is a multilateralist approach to foreign policy that is rooted in the theory of constructivism aimed at building friendly and lasting relationships through an approach of cooperating mechanisms between governments and inviting their communities to learn from each other in constructing cultural attitudes. The article answers the question of how the multicultural approach to cultural foreign policy in the international arena promotes the Iranian mobility? Within the framework of the analytical-descriptive approach to the hypothesis that the paper seeks to test is multilateral cultural foreign policy through the promotion of the dynamics of material and spiritual structures based on the dialectical synthesis of Iranian, Islamic and modern identity layers within the context of a super-discourse. An identity in the name of the Islamic Revolution, as well as an interactive-understanding view of cultural complementarity and synergy within the framework of international institutions, fosters the promotion of Iranian mobility on the international scene.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between cultural identity and cultural participation with Increasing social security and cultural security in citizens of Isfahan, 7th district. The research method was descriptive and correlational in terms of purpose and method of data collection. The statistical population of the study was 165205 citizens of all over the age of 18 years in district 7 of Isfahan municipality. 384 persons were selected through cluster sampling method through Cochran sampling formula. The research instrument was a questionnaire for the standard cultural participation of UNESCO (2006) and the Rosk Cultural Identity Standard Questionnaire (2009) and Maghsoudi Nia et al. Standard social security questionnaires (1395) and the standard questionnaires on cultural security of Afzali et al. (1395). The validity The questionnaires were evaluated based on the content, form and content validity, and after validation of the necessary terms, validity was confirmed. On the other hand, the reliability of the questionnaires by Cronbach's alpha method was 0.933 for cultural participation, 0.951 and social security, 0.855 and cultural security were estimated at 0.823. Data analysis was done at descriptive and inferential levels including Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of the research showed that there is a significant positive correlation between cultural identity and cultural participation with social security and cultural security (p <0.05). The results also showed that the dimensions of cultural identity (cultural heritage, media, customs, language, religion, norms, beliefs) and dimensions of cultural participation (audio and visual, books and publications, cultural heritage, language, ritual and performing arts, Sport activities, traditions, visual arts and library activities) had a meaningful positive relationship with social security and cultural security (p <0.05).

In recent years, the prevalence of crime and high-risk behaviors among young people has become a major social issue, and the findings and findings of empirical surveys and research strongly support this claim. The purpose of this study is to analyze the sociological, social and cultural factors affecting the Evasion of 18-29 year-old youth in Marivan. The present study is a quantitative and type-based study in the field of applied research and questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of this study is young people aged 18-29 years old in Marivan and the sample size was calculated using Cochran formula of 385 persons and the stratified sampling method was used. The results showed that the variables of sense of distributive justice, social control, sense of social trust, social satisfaction and attitude towards law were inversely and significantly correlated with evasion. There was a direct and significant relationship between the variables of feeling social anomaly, having friends with the law, the level of law-abiding among family members, and the feeling of relative deprivation. The results of multivariate regression analysis also showed that variables such as social anomaly, social control, social satisfaction, attitude towards law, and family law avoidance had a significant effect on evasion.

It is one of the most important mechanisms and means of acquiring foreign policy goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the formulation, regulation and implementation of effective cultural diplomacy as a prominent example of the supreme diplomacy and its soft power. Cultural diplomacy is conducted by governments, but it is sometimes performed by other non - governmental actors, which are regarded as a support for foreign policy objectives and means of public diplomacy. With the events of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, because of the nature of the revolution and ideological conflict with the USA, Western countries and their regional allies, Iran has been on the verge of fear as a form of Iran phobia, from opposites in the scope of States and Muslim and Non Muslim nations. The main question of this research is that “How was Iran’s cultural diplomacy confronting with Iran phobia? According to the research findings; which has been done using descriptive method; the research hypothesis is that, considering the favorable capacities of Iranian cultural diplomacy, the use of these capacities is passive because of the multiplicity of decision - making centers and has failed to serve as a tool in the service of public diplomacy and Iran's soft power, and using different tools, challenges to the Iran phobia and confront it.

The main purpose of this research is to review and critique research on generation gap. In this research, after initial refinement of the articles, 40 scientific-research papers related to the topic of generation and gap generation through the Marigans Scientific Database and the Noormags database were selected and reviewed in the areas of theoretical framework, research methodology and findings and were compared. The results of this study show that in these studies, the poverty of native theorizing, the prevalence of survey methods and the absence of combinatorial methods, scattering and inconsistency in the indexing of generational distance types, are different from the concepts of distance,  gap and generational discontinuity. In addition, the lack of precise operational definitions for these concepts, and the lack of accurate measurement of variables, and the lack of separation of the value and normative dimensions of generational distance, have confounded their findings. The research also suffers from the generalization of the results obtained without considering the dimensions and domains under study, the lack of a common age criterion in the separation of first, second and third generation generations, and the lack of attention to the validity of the tools used. In general, significant differences and inconsistencies in the results can confuse future researchers and misinterpretations of results by policymakers