فصلنامه مطالعات میان فرهنگی
پیاپی 37 (زمستان 1397)

After the victory of Islamic revolution; a system was enacted that claimed to educate human beings and Islamize all social affairs and all fields of society. Aimed at realizing these goals; various policies were made and came into force. Despite many efforts; now it is obvious that the intended cultural objectives of Islamic republic of Iran have not been expectedly realized. This paper intends to investigate why there has been a challenge to the cultural reproduction process in the Islamic republic of Iran during the past three decades. The researchers have used a qualitative method and documentary studies and focused on the pluralization of internal structure of political system and its challenges to formulate, interpret, and administrate a consistent and efficient cultural policy. The studies indicate although there has been a relatively certain cultural pattern; cultural policies of Islamic republic of Iran in the last three decades were trapped both in compiling and administration levels and engaged in a disintegration and continuous ruptures and internal contradictions. Domination of this kind of conditions in the cultural policies will not be understood unless by putting the current trend of compiling and administration of cultural policies in the ground of political structure, internal contradiction and discourse disputes.

National identity is a collective reality and it is the highest level of identity that finds meaning within a land. National identity reflects the social belonging, common sense, and general beliefs of a community with linguistic, geographical, historical, cultural, symbols, customs, and common norms. Identity in Iran has been a social issue since the constitutional era and has been reflected in the historical works and literature of intellectuals and thinkers. The purpose of this research is to investigate the sociological causes of Iranian national identity? And how has this identity evolved? To answer this question, the research has analyzed and analyzed all empirical studies between 1379 to 1397 cm2. The statistical population consisted of 26 research papers and sample size of 19 studies. The results showed that 65% men, 35% women, 59% married, 41% single, 65% college educated and 36% diploma and lower, ethnicity, 31% Fars, 28% Turk, 10% Bakhtiari and 9% of Kurds, 59% of Shia respondents, 25% Sunnis and 16% other religions. National identity is 35% high, 32% medium and 33% low. The magnitude of Cohen's work shows that social capital, value and normative factors, identity, media consumption, and attitudes have influenced the formation of Iranian national identity.

Iran is a country with an ethnic diversity that these people have had diverse relationships with each other throughout the history. National solidarity is seen as a prerequisite for the development of the country. The city of Miandoab is one of the areas with two ethnic groups where the Azeri Turkic and Kurdish people live in the region together. Knowing that the Azeri Turkic and Kurdish people emphasize on which type of their identity can increase the understanding of the issue. In the present research, the main question of the research was suggested as follows: Will the weak ties between two people increase the national solidarity? Given the background of the research and available theories, the hypothesis was made as follows: There is a significant relationship between the weak ties between the two ethnic groups and the national / ethnic identity. The research methodology was a surveying one using randomized sampling method. The research findings revealed that the national identity increases with the increased weak ties between the two ethnic groups. Also, as the level of communication of a nation’s people with the people of another nation decreases, their ethnic identity rate will increase as a result. The result of the study indicated that one of the most important factors in strengthening national identity is the extent of communication and relationship between the people of ethnic groups. With the increased relationships between ethnic groups, the national identity, and consequently, the national solidarity will also be strengthened.

The crisis in the Islamic world has several aspects and would be analyzed as the origin of the sectarianism. Somehow, the sectarianism either active or inactive was considered to be the most significant crisis in the Muslim world. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the origin of the activation of sectarianism at the strategic level. Thus, the international political order requires the activation of the sectarianism in order to achieve their goals. This research is applied and analytical-explanatory type. The note-taking and questionnaire method used for collecting the information and quantitative and qualitative used to analyze this information and is based on the theoretical framework of the clash of civilizations and the Likert scale. The theoretical findings of this research are that domestic, regional, and international phenomena can be manipulated and managed, and applied results also suggest that the Islamic world should be divided and distributed according to the political power of countries depending on the social structure of countries, which seems to be the explicit solution, In order to eliminate this complication.

Cyberspace is now an integral part of human life. Navigation, guidance, control and care in this vast sea can not be easily feasible. The complete entrance in this area can not be done by any government, unless there is a massive popular force in this area, and the government will establish and facilitate the arrival of the people in this regard. In this article, we try to use the comments of cultural experts and extract strategic points from the statements of the Islamic revolution Leader and use the method of "Thematic Analysis" to identify the basic indicators of validation of popular collections active in the field of cyberspace. The most important result and findings of this article is the presentation of a framework that serves as an operational road map that can be evaluated by non-governmental organizations according to designed indicators. Therefore, a local model for evaluating cultural organizations in the field of cyberspace in order to determine the main policies in the field of cyberspace and increase social participation in the Islamic Republic of Iran is very necessary. This model, while taking advantage of the new patterns of policy evaluation, keeps us from harming commonly used evaluation models.

Environmental catastrophe not only threatens the peace and security of human societies but also threatens the principle of survival and being. Therefore, it can be said that to moderate environmental Catastrophes, it is possible to modify and change the behavior of citizens in the context of the environment around them, while social and cultural components in this regard are important and indisputable. Therefore, the main goal of the present study is to identify the impact of cultural elements and components on environmental behaviors of citizens. The research method is survey and data gathering tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. Among the citizens of Amol, 384 people are selected as the statistical sample by a random sampling method. The research findings show that there is a significant relationship between the performance of governmental institutions, cultural participation and cultural element and environmental behavior of the citizens of Amol , and there is no significant relationship between the existence of non-governmental organizations and the environmental behavior of citizens. The overall conclusion of the research indicates that the performance of public institutions in the environmental behaviors of citizens is in the way of their proper exposure. Among these, cultural elements and components (cultural awareness and cultural participation) play a crucial role in the environmental behaviors of citizens of Amol