نشریه طب کار
سال دهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 33، زمستان 1397)

The condition of work in handloom weaving industries cause musculoskeletal (MSDS) disorders which are specially the most prevailing professional problem among women. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in various organs of the carver, assessing the carotid posture and workstations, determine the individual and ergonomic risk factors the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders

The present study is done through descriptive cross-section method to assess the organic risk work-related musculoskeletal disorders that loom over 152 handloom weavers. Our data collection tools were: demographic questionnaire, job Nordic questionnaire, and body map prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders to decide the rate of symptoms. Then, we took film from handloom weavers while wearing to know the condition of their bodies. After reviewing the films, we assigned posture marks to each duty using ocra software at the end, data were analyzed and T-test using spss-20.

The result Ocra showed that the most frequent incidence of pain in different organs of the body during last year was neck and shoulder the average Ocra is 3.65.This indicate that most of the handloom weavers are at high risk and are in the red zone. According to the statistics 1.3% of these weavers are in slight risk and 32.2% are at low risk and 64.4% are at high risk. Thus, our study showed that the level of exposure to the risk in level 4 is more than the other levels. Hence, the station needs immediate correction.The results also showed that there is a significant relationship between the risk level of Ocra and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (pain, discomfort, etc., during the past 12 months) in the neck, shoulder and wrist.

Based on Ocra indices results, handloom weavers are at high risk of musculoskeletal injuries that indicates the inappropriate (unsuitable) work condition and environment that should be corrected as soon as possible.
On the other hand, the Ocra method of evaluation is an appropriate tool to confirm the level of risk factors in the muscoskeletal disorders of handloom weavers.

Exposure to noise is considered as one of the most important health problems in various industries, especially pharmaceutical industry, which can ultimately lead to significant negative effects on labor force and occupational performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between continuous noise exposure and occupational performance of the workers in the pharmaceutical industry and ampoule production line in Iran.

This cross-sectional study was conducted through a descriptive-analytical method in 2017. The subjects were 100 workers exposed to noise in an ampoule and vial manufacturing factory in Iran. The sound measurement was carried out in accordance with ISO 9612: 2009. The Hersey and Goldsmith questionnaire (ACHIEVE model) was used to investigate the workers’ occupational performance, and the seven dimensions of the questionnaire as well as the final score of occupational performance was determined for each individual.

The results showed that there was a low inverse relationship between noise exposure and occupational performance of the total workers in all the halls which was statistically significant (P-value = 0/01, r2 = 0/256). It was also found that there was an inverse relationship between exposure to noise and the seven dimensions, but the relationship was statistically significant only for the dimensions of ability, clarity, and evaluation (P-value <0.05).

The present study showed that the workers in the pharmaceutical industry and ampoule production line were often exposed to higher-than-permitted sound level, and such exposures had negative effects on their occupational performance.

 Lack of awareness of the principles and rules of ergonomics, inappropriate postures and frequent displacement of patients and loads Can cause musculoskeletal disorders in medical personnel. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of in-person training and social network education on the ergonomic risk factors and musculoskeletal of patient carrier personnel in the  Shahid Bahonar hospital of kerman.

The study has been done on 60 participants in Shahid Bahonar hospital. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of 30. The first group were trained via in-person training method combined with practical work and questionings and the second group were trained via social networks and data were collected through a questionnaire demographic, the questionnaire made their assessment  awareness, Nordic questionnaire along with the scale of the investment rate and the numerical checklist PTAI before Training for one week, one month and six months periods after training and SPSS software was used to analyse the collected data.

low back pain is more prevalent among the patient-carrier personnel. With a significant level of 0.05 in the Wilcoxon test. The amount of P-value at the end of the six-month period in the amount of awareness and  PTAI training approaching scores in both methods was less than 0.05 at a significant correlation. And the amount of P-Value in the analysis of musculoskeletal complaints in the six-month period, conventional training methods in the neck, shoulder, lower back complaint, knees and feet, is less than 0.05 and has significant relationship.Social network education did not result in any significant relationship at the end of six months.

According to the results based on exams ,in-person trainings or social network-based trainings both result in reduction of ergonomic risk factors , musculoskeletal complaints and muscular impact. The in-person education method was more effective rather than social network-based trainings.additionaly reliability of education’s effectiveness was meaningful only at the in-person education method.

Train driver is a job with a high level of occupational stress. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness mindfulness-based stress reduction on occupational stress and general health among train drivers.

This study was a quasi-experimental pretest - posttest with control group. Utilization of voluntary sampling method, 30 people were selected among the train drivers in Kashan City and were assigned into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of mindfulness based stress reduction. General health questionnaire and occupational stress questionnaires (Devis & et al) were also used to collect data.

In terms of occupational stress, the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the pretest stage were 32.27 and 34.63, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean scores of the experimental and control group in the posttest stage were 24.86 and 34.17, respectively. In terms of general health, the mean scores of the experimental and control groups at the pretest were 26.14 and 28.34, respectively. In the meantime, the mean scores of the mentioned groups in the posttest stage were 19.23 and 27.98. In other words, mindfulness based on stress reduction had effect on increasing the general health and reducing occupational stress.

According to the research findings, mindfulness based stress reduction is an appropriate intervention to reduce occupational stress and it is effective in increasing mental health of train drivers.

The importance of assessing and identifying ergonomic risk factors in the workplace among office workers has increased with the increase in occupational tasks of computer and increasing the risk of physical and mental disorders among its users. One of these factors is the usability of computer hardware and software. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of office automation software and to measure the fatigue and burnout of employees in an office and determine their correlation.

In this study, in one of the health centers of Tehran city, staff fatigue and burnout and their use of office automation software by using Multidimensional Job Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) The standard questionnaire was used to evaluate the usability of the software. Data were analyzed by SPSS 23 software.

The findings of this study showed that automation software is very useful for most users. According to the findings of this study, there was a significant negative correlation between software usability and emotional exhaustion dimensions and reduction of personal inadequacy, general fatigue, physical fatigue with correlation coefficients (-0.228, -0.511, -0.372 and -0.287). There was. The greater the usability of the software, the lower the level of employee fatigue and fatigue.

The applicability of job software is effective in fatigue and fatigue of employees. So the usable design of such web-based software should be considered by office systems and software developers and software developers.

Fatigue is the exhaustion of the body or spirit that can be caused by stress, excessive work, drug use, or physical or mental illness. Fatigue is a factor in reducing productivity and incidents. Therefore, measuring is important. The aim of this study was to determine the fatigue measurement measurements based on objective and objective indices.

A cross-sectional study was performed on 120 male and female students. By simulating the real environment of each person in the 50 and 70dB pressure levels for 40 minutes, before and after exposure to noise, the amount of mental fatigue was measured using the subjective index Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the objective index Continuous performance test (CPT) and its results were analyzed by paired t-test and Spearman correlation coefficient in SPSS20 software.

Measurement results with both self-declaration scale and continuous performance test showed that mental exhaustion increases significantly after exposure to the mentioned pressure level, but the results of the two methods are not consistent with each other.

Considering that the VAS self-declaration scale is a subjective method, it seems that the mismatch of the two methods is more related to the ineffectiveness of this scale. Therefore, it is suggested that re-examination be done with more precise methods such as electroencephalogram.

Faculty members are one of the main factors in the higher education system, that high level of occupational stress caused by educational, research, and executive duties makes them exposed to burnout. The purpose of this study is Forecasting burnout of faculty members of Yazd Payame Noor University using artificial neural network technique.

The present research is descriptive in terms of method, and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this research is the faculty members of Yazd Payame Noor University. The analysis was performed on 315 data from 105 faculty members that were acquired during the last three academic years. Data were collected using two closed questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. For analysis of data including 23 independent variables and one dependent variable, two types of neural network including MLP and RBF were designed and implemented.

Correct percent of burnout prediction in the training, testing and validation data for the MLP neural network was 83.3, 80.9 and 74.5, respectively, and 73.1, 93.3 and 9/76 for the RBF neural network, respectively. The area under the rock for MLP and RBF networks was 0.823 and 0.833 respectively.

Comparison of two MLP and RBF neural networks based on rock curve and prediction Correct percent showed that RBF neural network is more effective in forecasting job burnout of faculty members of Yazd Payame Noor University, and the variables scientific group, teaching master students, age and communication had the greatest impact on burnout.

Sleep is an essential element for maintaining health, which is associated with several factors in improving its quality, including the use of a suitable pillow that, with effective support, can support the spine in the neck area and it prevents complications such as headache, neck pain and shoulder pain .The purpose of this study was to provide a suitable pillow design in accordance with the dimensions of Iranian people for proper support in both back and flank positions.

84 volunteers (40 males and 44 females) with an average age of 29/47 years (SD=7/91) were enrolled. Anthropometric characteristics such as head width in the ear area, head length, head height, etc. were determined using a caliper, a Canon SX60HS camera, a digimizer software, Excel and SPSS version 20. Different percentiles of the body dimensions of men and women were calculated. The findings were used to calculate the dimensions of different parts of the ergonomic pillow.

Based on different dimensions of the head, neck and shoulder area in the sample, the pillow was designed with a width of 70 and a depth of 26/4 cm for men and a width of 65 and a depth of 26/4 cm for women.

It is anticipated that the pillow designed according to anthropometric measurements of Iranian subjects can reduce head and neck pain and spinal problems. It is also recommended that other research has to be done to standardize the dimensions and type of pillow material in all parts of Iran.