نشریه مطالعات منافع ملی
پیاپی 11 (بهار 1397)

The globalization and information age has had different implications for all countries.These implications for developing countries such as Iran have been different in comparison with other countries. Given internal, regional and global conditions like cultural, media, economic and technological power, the globalization has had a security impact on countries. The globalization has had hard and soft impact on Iran. Regarding to security elements of globalization in Iran, the authors would analyze issues such as cyber war, identity crisis, media war, soft power, bioterrorism, ethical crisis, extremism and overthrow.

Since the past, US has adopted different security approaches towards the Middle East, including Iran. The security approaches resulted from a geopolitical condition of Iran, Persian Gulf, the role of energy, Israel, extremism in the region and Russia security approach. The US has pursued various security approaches towards Iran such as cooperation and confrontation. These approaches included the lack of commu-nism’s influence in Iran, two pillar policy, dual containment, security convergence with the Persian Gulf countries against Iran, Iran phobia and Shia crescent. The US doesn’t understand Iran’s realities because of its security approach, and consequently, it has an impact on tension between Iran and the US.

Islamic Scholars pay more attention to the elements such as human rights and women's rights of democracy in the globalization era. The democracy is socially, politically, economically and culturally is desir-able in the information era. Therefore, Islamic scholars have given more attention to sovereignty, legitimacy, women’s rights, and freedom of choice, citizen right and liberty. So, the understanding of influential thoughts of contemporary scholars is very important. The ideas of recent scholars stemmed from scholars such as Seyed Ghotb. Seyed Ghotb believed in Islamic government and the expansion of Islamic ideology and opposed following Western thoughts such as democracy in Islamic Government. Having a comprehensive attitude towards Islam, he believed that Islamic government exists in Islamic experience and Muslims don’t need Western ideas.

The nationalism is composed of two words, including national and ism (means belief). The word translated into Farsi as national independ-ence and chauvinism. Some researchers believe that the belief exists among nations since ancient era. However, the modern phenomenon has appeared in two recent centuries after the French revolution and led to many events and developments in different aspects around the world. Also, the belief led to collapse of traditional states composed of different nations and heterogeneous ethnicities and consequently resulted in nation-states consists of people who have common political, cultural feature and ethnic background. The political school has changed the map of the world several times and caused destructive world wars. There are several kinds of nationalism because different nations perceive it differently.

The power of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution has been the most basic component of the Islamic Republic's system in overcoming the various challenges, the country's growing progress and inspiration in the region, the Islamic world, and free nations. In fact, the phenomenal, survival and reproduction of the "thought of resistance", which today has become a decisive and powerful component in the equations of the region and the Muslim world, is one of the most important and strategic influences of the Islamic revolution, influenced by ideals, values and thoughts. Revolutionaries of the great founder of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and the proactive and strategic decisions and decisions of the Supreme Leader. With Siri in the minds of the Supreme Leader, we find that the key word "resistance" is one of the key words that have been and will be in this intellectual space. The present article, which aims to explain the discourse of resistance in the intellectual and ideological field of the Supreme Leader, is attempted by a descriptive-analytic approach and based on the elements and components of the"resistance discourse" in the political thought of the Supreme Leader Leadership depict the role of this discourse in the engineering and operationalization of "anti-Semitism, the negation of the domination and domination system and Islamic awaken-ing" in the continuation of the Islamic Revolution.

In previous presidential elections, the TV debate had an important role in the election process. The TV debates reflected the power of candid-ates’ rhetoric that had a deep influence on the mentality of the citizens. The phenomenon emerged in the 2013 elections. The success of Rohani was because of the conveyance of good message, loud voice and populist rhetoric. He won in 2013 election due to its success in TV debates. The success in TV debate depends on the presence of mind and power of expression. Therefore, the main question of the article is: to what extent did a power of expression contribute to success of preside-ntial candidates in the 2013 presidential election? The hypothesis of the article would be: the word of President Rohani due to its kind of speech, the motivation of citizens, political vitality and hope of solving problems led to his victory.

The competition and confrontation between Iran and Saudi Arabia comes back to past several decades, the First Pahlavi era.Since Arab Spring in the Middle East, the regional confrontation between two traditional poles of the Middle East, Iran and Saudi Arabia as two regional powers with different political approach has spread their influence in the region, has been increased. The confron-tation between Iran and Saudi Arabia considered as a key factor in security perspective of the Middle East such as security in the Persian Gulf, Arab-Israel conflict and Yemen crisis.