مجله پژوهش پرستاری ایران
پیاپی 61 (مهر و آبان 1398)

Liver transplantation, which is done by spending a lot of resources and expenses at hospitals, is an important medical choice for patients suffering fulminant hepatitis and end stage liver diseases. So it is significant to find some ways to manage the patients more efficiently and to reduce caring expenses. The aim of this study is to determine the influential effects of lingering recipients’ length of stay at hospital after liver transplantation.

This study is a retrospective and the research community includes all patients under liver transplantation. 161 among them are chosen by availability method concerning inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study was located at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex. All factors related to post liver transplantation have been based on forms including personal information, clinical and laboratory factors mentioned in patients’ files. These forms are made by researcher and their validity and reliability have been measured. Reliability analysis is tested through Spearman and Pearson Test. Also T-test and ANOVA are used to compare the average length of stay. To assess the simultaneous effect of variables on length of stay, multiple linear regression was used.

Single variable analysis results show that there is a meaningful relation between length of stay and Bacterial infection, pulmonary effusion, ascites, renal failure (hemodialysis), wound infection, Re-operation, psychiatric problems and re-transplantation (P value<0.05). Finally, a model for most effective factor on length of stay was presented by step-by-step analysis of these influential factors through multiple linear regression.

Among many factors of post liver transplantation, there was a meaningful relation between some factors and length of stay which also influences the treatment results and related expenses. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the length of stay after liver transplantation by designing necessary variables and moderating determinate factors mentioned in this study.

Self-differentiation is the most important concept of the theory of family systems and shows the level of ability of a person to distinguish his intellectual and emotional processes from others. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of gender-related personality traits in the relationship between identity styles, attachment with self-differentiation in nursing students.

The research method was structural equation and the statistical population of the study consisted of all students of the Faculty of Nursing, Tehran University of Medical Sciences during the academic year of 2018. Regarding the number of variables observed in the study, 300 students were selected by available sampling method. The research instruments were self-differentiation questionnaire DSI-R, Berzensky identity style questionnaire, Spence personality traits questionnaire, and adult attachment styles. The collected data were analyzed using regression equation method.

The findings of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between gender-related personality traits, identity styles and attachment styles with self-differentiation (P≤0.001), as well as gender-related personality (β=-.20, P≤0.001), identity (β=-.31, P≤0.001), and attachment (β=-.20, P≤0.001) had effect on self-differentiation. gender-related personality traits is the mediator in the relationship between identity styles, attachment  with self-differentiation, so the research model has been confirmed.

Based on the results, it can be argued that in order to reduce self-differentiation as a negative psychological factor, attention to the identity styles and attachment as an interpersonal factor is essential in the field of personality dimensions of nursing students.

Enoxaparin using in cardiac patients to prevent the development, of coronary artery bypass grafting. The pain of the injection location is an unfavorable result subcutaneous injection of enoxaparin, causes patient discomfort. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lavender oil on pain and comfort in cardiac patients after injection of enoxaparin.

This clinical trial study was performed on 50 heart patients in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan. For collected information used a researcher-made checklist including two parts: demographic, pain scale and comfort. Patients were specified to intervention and control groups, rate of pain and comfort were measured immediately and 5 minutes after two intermittence injections with VAS visual scale. Data by using software SPSS version 16 and Statistical tests including t-test and chi-square were analyzed.

Findings showed that the two groups not differ significantly in demographic characteristics. In the intervention group in the second injection, the patient's pain was decreased immediately (P < 0.001) and 5 minutes (P < 0.001) after the first injection, also comfort level of the patients in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.001).

Lavender oil has a significant effect on the pain decreasing and increasing the level comfort of patients taking enoxaparin, so it can be used to relieve pain and increase the level comfort of patients taking enoxaparin.

Hospital custody faces multiple occupational issues and, as a result, are more susceptible to psychological vulnerabilities than other employees. So they need more support. For this purpose, the present study with the focus on examining the Relation of work overload factors on work consequences, with mediating variables, Social Support among medical team of Imam Reza Hospital, Urmia-Iran.

The current research is a descriptive-analytic study of structural equation modeling. Population of the survey was 540 medical team members of Imam Reza hospital, from among them 200 members were selected as sample of the study by the use of random selection. Data collection tools that were used, were questionnaires on Work Overload (1982), Social Support (2006), Job Stress (2009), Job Motivation (2004), Job Satisfaction (2015), Job Performance (2014), Work Engagement and Turnover (2015) Intention. Their validity was confirmed through structural validity and reliability through Cronbach's alpha. Factor analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SPSS 22) and LISREL 8.5 software were used to analyze the data and examine the relationships between variables and presenting the structural model.

The results show that variables of Work Overload have positive effect on positive Work Consequences with the mediating role of Social Support (β = 45.85). Also variables of Work Overload factors have positive effect on Work Consequences with the mediating role of Social Support (β = 45.85).

Considering that social support has an inevitable effect on reducing occupational stress, as well as increasing satisfaction, performance, motivation and career aspiration, it is recommended that hospital authorities establish effective support systems in and out of work environments as an effective method. In order to reduce stress and increase satisfaction, performance, motivation and career enthusiasm of the medical staff.

Considering the problem of ventilator-associated pneumonia.as the most commonly reported nosocomial infection with modern teaching methods is essential. Therefore, we decided to carry out a study aimed at influencing the clinical guidelines on the performance of nurses in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 100 nurses (estimation based on the sample size formula) employed in the intensive care unit who were included in the study by available sampling method. The effect of training according to the guidelines. The prevention of ventilator-dependent pneumonia was evaluated using a checklist on nurses' performance. Finally, the data were analyzed using chi-square test, t-test, and SPSS software version 19. The p value was less than 5 pounds.

The mean±SD of the total age of participants was 37.66±5.15. Pre-intervention studies indicated that the mean ±SD of the two groups of nurses before the intervention was not statistically significant (P=0.721). The "relatively desirable" level was such that the control group received the lowest score and the intervention group the highest score; also the positive and significant effect of training on all aspects of ventilator-dependent pneumonia prevention except for aspiration prevention (P=0.480) observed.

Clinical skills training based on principled and relevant guidelines is largely effective in solving problems caused by low level nurses' knowledge and researchers offer in-service training courses to prevent this infection.

Since families play an important role in mental health of adolescents. So the current study was done for investigate Prediction of stress, anxiety and depression in adolescents based on marital forgiveness and family cohesion.

The study was descriptive - correlation. The sample was concluding all of high school students in Kermanshah city, that among those was selected a sample with 360 people. For variable measuring were used DASS, family cohesion scale and marital forgiveness scale. Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis was used to data analyses.

The research results indicate this. Marital forgiveness variables and family cohesion can predict 51% of mental health changes. Also, marital forgiveness and family cohesion can predict stress, anxiety and depression with an effect coefficient of 0.49, 0.26 and 0.39, respectively, and there is a significant negative correlation between them (P <0.001) has it.

Due to the role of family cohesion and marital forgiveness in predicting mental health (stress, anxiety and depression) of adolescents, it is suggested that families It is important to note that they have a significant role in the future of their children, as well as mental health professionals, consider these components to improve the quality of mental health of adolescents and put them on the agenda.

Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. An ambiguous picture of the physical, social, educational, moral, rational and temperamental nature of these children as the main concern of their parents poses the need to identify the six levels of self-concept. Therefore, the aim was to determine the level of sixth (physical, social, educational, moral, rational and mood) self-concept in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Isfahan city.

This descriptive-analytical study was carried out in 2016. The statistical population includes all children with type 1 diabetes who referred to Sedigheh Tahereh Clinic. A total of 100 children were selected by cluster sampling. The data were collected by the parents of children by completing a researcher-made questionnaire with 36 items of six levels of self-concept. Content validity by applying the view point of experts and the reliability of the tools was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 84%. Data were analyzed using SPSS software 18, descriptive tables and independent t-test.

The findings indicate that 63% of the samples under study are at least 3 years old in type 1 diabetes. No significant difference was found between the amount of sixth self-concept based on sex and duration of the disease (P> 0.05). However, there is a significant difference between the amount of sixth self-concept based on the age (P=0.019) and number of children in the family (P =0.003) and this difference in the parents of children with multiple scores in educational self-concept is more than that of single-child children with increasing age of children (M = 12.02).

It is necessary to have training courses and counseling sessions for parents and children with diabetes in clinics in promoting the proper self-concept of children and reducing their parents' mental and mental concerns.

Self-management program, which is one of the methods of rehabilitation, emphasizes all care activities and the client has a central role. Its goal is to achieve maximum independence, self-decision and health improvement based on the person's abilities and lifestyle and the improvement of quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of self-management education on mental health promotion in old age women.

This research is a quasi-experimental, pre-test and post-test study with control and randomized control group. In this study, 76 elderly women referred to neighborhoods west of Tehran. They were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The instrument of the study was demographic questionnaire and short-lived health behaviors scale (SRAHPS). It was studied in three periods of time (before intervention, one month and three months after the intervention). SPSS software version 16 was used for data analysis of demographic characteristics and purpose of the study. For data analysis of the demographic characteristics and the objective of the study were t-test, Chi-square and Fisher's exact test.

The results of the research on the demographic characteristics of the studied groups showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups (intervention and control) in terms of individual characteristics, before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the mental health of the two groups before the intervention (P-value = 0.81). In other words, the two groups were homogeneous before the intervention, but one month and three months after the intervention for health mental was significant (P-value = 0.001).

According to the findings of the study, self-management program has been effective in promoting mental health behaviors in elderly women and the main goal is confirmed, therefore, it is suggested that nursing education to elders should be considered by nurses in health care centers.

Estimating the real need and choosing the best medical consumables is very important, and the smallest mistake will be a very serious economic and social harm to the community. Therefore, in all countries understanding and improving the Purchase Management of consumables in hospitals is the key to providing high quality health services in these centers. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the factors affecting the control of purchasing capital equipment in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

In this Descriptive- Analytical, applied study, which was conducted in the year 2017 in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The statistical population of the study were directors, heads and supervisors of the diagnostic and therapeutic sections and medical equipment, and managers and experts of medical equipment of the University of Medical Sciences who were 631. They formed and research sample of 431 individuals that were selected by stratified random sampling. Data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS18 software using statistical methods.

The most effective variables is the use of information technology and software of medical consumables with a regression coefficient of 0.305 and against the least effective variable in this area is the requirements of the laws and regulations for the purchase of domestic products with a regression coefficient of 0.215.

Based on this study, effective components of control in Purchase Management have been extracted. The results of this study will be used to design of Purchase Management of the Medical Expendable Supplies model..

Ph.D. in nursing is developing in the world. However, there are differences in the presentation of programs, which can be analyzed in the way of progress in the field. The purpose of this paper is comparative comparisons between the Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Tehran University and Ingram school of nursing at McGill University.

This is a descriptive-comparative study based on the Beredy model in 1397. In this study compare the components and implementation of Ph.D. nursing program in Tehran University of Medical Sciences and McGill University of Canada. The necessary evidence was collected, described, interpreted and compared through Internet search, manuals, national and regional documentation.

Results showed that the two universities have some similarities but also have some differences.in terms of goals, curriculum and program execution. Outstanding points were about student admission, the floating of courses, competence based courses and the difference in expected roles from nursing graduates at McGill University.

By increasing the strengths and decreasing the weaknesses of the program and inspiring through the world leading faculties and changing the attitude of the nursing curriculums. We can increase the quality of education and, consequently, the quality of nursing graduates.