Journal of Multidisciplinary Care
Volume:8 Issue: 1, 2019

The present study aimed to assess the correlations between emotional self-regulation and problem-solving with disease perception through resilient mediation in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Tabriz, Iran.

This study was carried out as structural equations on 250 MS patients in Tabriz in 2018, who completed emotional self-regulation, problem-solving, disease perception, and resilience questionnaires. LISREL software and structural equations were used to calculate the fitting share.

Direct, significant correlations were observed between emotional self-regulation and disease perception, emotional self-regulation and resilience, and disease perception and resilience, so that positive emotional self-regulation could predict disease perception. The direct correlations of positive and negative orientation with disease perception, components of logical problem-solving, impulsive style, and disease perception, as well as resilience and disease perception were also considered significant. However, the correlation of direct positive orientation with resilience, logical problem-solving, and disease and negative orientation with resilience, impulsive style, and disease perception, as well as the causal correlations of the avoidance style with disease perception and resilience were not significant.

Emotional self-regulation and resilient mediation play a key role in the disease perception of MS patients, and the obtained model could be considered as a therapeutic protocol.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a cardiovascular disorder associated with long-term constraints in the patients' life. Open heart surgery is an effective treatment for CAD, and the postoperative complications require extensive care, especially by the patient. Self-care education plays a key role in this regard, particularly based on Orem self-care model. The present study aimed to investigating the effects of an Orem-based self-care program on Orem's pattern of lower-extremity edema in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

This clinical trial was conducted on 74 patients undergoing CABG at Kashani Hospital in Shahrekord, Iran, who were randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups using software. Data were collected using the need assessment form based on the Orem model, and edema was measured using a meter. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21.

The Orem-based self-care program reduced lower-extremity edema in the intervention group (before: 34.31±31, after: 32.14±2.87), while the changes in the control group were not significant (P>0.05).

According to the results, nursing patterns (e.g., Orem's model) could be used to enhance self-care abilities in patients requiring long-term care.

Diabetes is a chronic disorder and the most complicated disease regarding its management and need for self-management. Cognitive-behavioral therapy plays a key role in self-management and self-regulation. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the self-care behaviors and psychological wellbeing and hope indicators in patients with type II diabetes.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and a control group on 30 patients with type II diabetes referring to the diabetes clinic at Razi Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. The patients were selected via convenience sampling and randomly divided into the test and control groups (15 each). The test group received eight sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy (90 minutes). Data were collected using the self-care behavior questionnaire by Robert Thompson and Glasgow, Ryff psychological wellbeing inventory, and Snyder's cognitive model of hope at pretest and posttest. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) at the significance of 0.05.

MANCOVA results indicated that group cognitive-behavioral therapy significantly increased the self-care behaviors, psychological wellbeing, and hope indicators in the patients with type II diabetes (P≤0.05).

Group cognitive-behavioral therapy was effective in improving the self-care behaviors, psychological wellbeing, and hope indicators of the patients with type II diabetes. Therefore, this method could be used by psychiatrists and healthcare providers for the enhancement of self-care behaviors, psychological wellbeing, and hope in these patients.

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is a common disorder leading to maternal and infant mortality and morbidity, and its prevention is essential. This study aimed to investigate the effects of walking on the maternal and neonatal outcomes of high-risk pregnant women for PIH in Rafsanjan, Iran in 2018.

This clinical trial was conducted on 72 high-risk pregnant women for PIH at comprehensive healthcare centers. Purposive sampling was performed to randomly assign the women to two groups of 36. The intervention group followed a walking program during weeks 14-34 of gestation. Data were recorded in a researcher-made checklist and analyzed in SPSS version 23 (independent t-test, Fisher's exact test, and Chi-square).

Incidence of transient hypertension and preeclampsia was significantly lower in the intervention group (P<0.05). Mean birth weight was significantly higher in the intervention group, and maternal and neonatal admission rate to the ICU was significantly lower in the intervention group (P<0.05). Mean gestational age at delivery, one- and five-minute Apgar scores, and preterm labor and its causes had no significant differences in the groups (P>0.05).

Moderate-intensity walking improved some maternal and neonatal outcomes in the high-risk pregnant women for PIH.

Anxiety is the most common issue in the candidates of surgical heart valve replacement. The length of hospital stay in these patients is economically and organizationally important as a predictor of their recovery from acute physical conditions. The present study aimed to assess the effects of a designed discharge plan on anxiety and length of hospital stay in patients undergoing heart valve replacement.

This clinical trial was conducted on 65 candidates of heart valve replacement in Chamran Hospital in Isfahan, Iran, who were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, the designed discharge plan was implemented and continued one month after discharge via phone follow-up. Length of hospital stay and anxiety were analyzed before the intervention and one and three months after discharge in both groups in SPSS.

ANOVA indicated that the mean anxiety in the study groups was significantly different at different times (P<0.001), while three months after discharge, mean anxiety was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. Independent t-test showed no significant difference in the mean hospital stay between the groups (P>0.05).

The designed discharge plan reduced anxiety in the patients, while its effect on the length of hospital stay requires further investigation. Therefore, it is recommended that the discharge program be used as an effective approach to maintaining care in patients undergoing heart valve replacement.

Hemodialysis ward personnel are at a higher risk of contact with blood and body fluids and sharp objects due to the conditions of these wards and frequent contact with hemodialysis patients. The present study aimed to audit the standard precautions in the hemodialysis wards of the hospitals affiliated to Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 60 nurses in the hemodialysis wards of the hospital affiliated to Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, who were selected via census sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made demographic questionnaire and standard precautionary checklist. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 12 using frequency tables, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation-coefficient.

The standard precautions against the transmission of bloodborne diseases were not at a poor level in any of the hemodialysis wards of the hospitals affiliated to Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. In addition, the highest observance of the standard precautions was observed in the hemodialysis staff of Lordegan Shohada Hospital.

The standard precautions against the transmission of bloodborne diseases were assessed in the hemodialysis wards of the hospitals affiliated to Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, and these principles were observed to be on moderate and favorable levels.

The operating room environment is considered to be a stressful workplace due to its special conditions. Due to the debilitative effects of occupational stress, the present study aimed to assess and describe occupational stress in operating room staff.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted using Osipow job stress questionnaire to measure the occupational stress of the operating room staff at the teaching hospitals affiliated to Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The sample size consisted of 120, including operating room technology graduates and anesthesiologists, who were selected via census sampling.

The majority of the participants were married women (mean age: 33.66±6.377 years) with the mean work experience of 10.02±6.259 years. Based on Osipow job stress questionnaire, 71% of the subjects achieved occupational stress scores of 150-199, and the highest level of occupational stress was observed in the physical environment and workload. No significant correlations were observed between occupational stress and age, gender, work experience, marital status, and academic education, while the number of children was correlated with occupational stress (P=0.022).

The level of occupational stress in the operating room staff was moderate to severe, and proper strategies must be adopted for the improvement of their physical work environment and adjustment of their workload.

Patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) need care due to the complications of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the family-centered intervention on the quality of life of patients with acute MI.

A randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 80 patients with acute myocardial infarction, who were hospitalized in Hajar and Kashani hospitals in Shahrekord, Iran and one of their family members. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of control (N=40) and test (N=40) using statistical software. In the test group, four short messages were sent weekly for three months about necessary care after MI. On the other hand, subjects in the control group received routine intervention. After that, the quality of life of subjects was assessed before and immediately after the termination of intervention in both groups. In addition, data were collected using demographic characteristics questionnaire and McNeigh's quality of life inventory. Furthermore, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 23 using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), as well independent and paired t-tests.

The findings were indicative of no significant difference between the test and control groups regarding the mean score of quality of life. However, a significant difference was found between the groups after the intervention in this regard. Moreover, the mean scores of changes in the quality of life of subjects in the test and control group were significantly different before and after the intervention. The results of the independent t-test demonstrated a significant difference between mean changes in the quality of life of the study groups.

According to the results of the study, SMS intervention as a distance learning method improved the quality of life in patients. Therefore, it is recommended that the intervention be applied to improve the quality of life in patients after acute MI.