فصلنامه گیاه و زیست فناوری ایران
سال چهاردهم شماره 1 (بهار 1398)

Tea plant ( Camellia Sinesis L. ) is a shrub or evergreen tree with a long life of 80 to 100 years old Theaceae family, with a height of up to 10 meters in wild conditions, but does not exceed 2 meters in the samples grown. Because it brushes the tea leaves every year to harvest it, they hold the plant up to 80 cm. The propagation of tea in the cutting method is the most common tea-growing method for producing moth-like plants. The greatest effect on rooting of cuttings was reported by auxins. Therefore, this experiment was based on a factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design with two indole butyric acid (IBA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at four levels (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg / l) and their interactions With three replications. At the end of experiment, rooting percentage, root number, root length and root dry matter percentage were measured. The results showed that rooting percentage of, IBA 2000 + NAA 2000 in root number and root dry matter percentage, IBA 3000 and root length, IBA 3000 + NAA 2000 treatment showed the best results.

Newspapers with poor seed germination is slow. Crust has been suggested to be due to poor germination. In the present study astrophysical seed scarification experiment in a completely randomized design using 98% sulfuric acid at time 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h in 4 replications was applied to the seed. Characteristics such as germination percentage, germination rate, root length, stem length, root fresh weight and fresh weight of stem were investigated. The variables measured in this study were the percentage and rate of germination, shoot length, root length and root fresh weight and root stipes, shoot length, root fresh weight, shoot to root ratio was calculated. Effect of scarification with sulfuric acid results showed that the germination percentage increased with increasing duration of treatment, So that the highest mean germination percentage (90%) and acidtreated 4 hours with an average minimum of distilled water (10%) achieved a statistically significant difference in the time indicated. Germination percentage of modifications on the ninth day of the experiment showed that the beginning of the experiment showed a rapid increase But after 15 days, germination was slow or stop the treatments. 3 and 4 h of acid treatment than the other treatments showed better germination percentage during the evaluation period, Control treatment had the lowest rate of germination. Sulfuric acid results in this study have a positive effect on seed germination was followed with Canna.

Due to self-incompatibility, the high seeding of seeds and the lack of uniformity of the plants in terms of seedling quality and macrobiotics content of the stevia herb, through novel tissue culture methods, is a suitable strategy for the massive cultivation of this medicinal plant. In this study, in order to investigate the growth parameters differentiation, the stevia plant specimens were compared in in vitro culture and TIS bioreactors. Due to the possibility of co2 exchange on top of the TIS bioreactors and the exchange of nutrients due to the intermittent operation of the pumps, they can be one of the most important reasons for the superiority of the TIS bioreactor activity compared to in vitro culture. Due to the significant decrease in yield and growth rate of samples in in vitro culture, due to the lack of exchange of nutrients, the culture medium due to the use of agar in solid culture can be carried out using TIS bioreactor culture medium and increased the growth rate significantly. Also, the culture of the samples in the TIS bioreactor, due to the appropriate volume of archers and the temporary flood conditions of the culture medium, can allow the yield of the explants under relatively similar conditions, so that the possibility of reducing the seedlings and the subsequent contamination Transmission also declined. Non-agar use and reduction of particle retention. This method can be used to produce massive stevia seedlings with the highest yield.

The study was conducted to evaluate effects of ochalyptus and mint essential oils used in the diet on carcass traits and digestive attached organs of broiler chickens. 150 Ross 308 broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design with 5 experimental groups (diets) and three replicates of ten chicks each (totally 10 pens). The experimental groups were negative control diet, positive control diet and diets containing blend of ochalyptus and mint essential oils. Evaluated parameters were carcass percentage and digestive attached organs. Results indicated that adding of the essential oils especially 30 ml per kg to diet had (p<0.05) significant effect on increasing carcass, thigh and breast percentage. Also, using the essential oils especially 30 ml per kg in diet decreased (p<0.05) weights of digestive attached organs in broiler chickens. These effects were more in diets containing the essential oils than diet containing antibiotic. In conclusion, usage of the essential oils especially 30 ml per kg improve carcass traits and digestive attached organs and can be a proper additive in diet for improving evaluated traits in broiler chickens.

For study the effect of ethanol and methanol on post harvest quality and vase life of carnation cut flowers( Di a n t h u s c a r y o p h yll u s ), experiment into a completely randomized design with 8 treatments, 3 replicates and each replication with 5 branches of flowers and a total of 120 branches of cluster were done. Treatments included ethanol and methanol with 3 levels 2, 4 and 6 % with, 3% sucros done. 3% sucros and distilled water as control. The evaluated traits included relative fersh weight, dry weight, solution uptake, cell membrane stability index, anthocyanin of petals, total chlorophyll of leaf and vase life of cut flowers. The results showed that the treatment with ethanol 4% with 3% sucrose had the most effect on the evaluation of traits such as relative fresh weight, dry weight, solution uptake, stability index of cell membrane and vase life of cut flowers and treatment with methanol 4% with 3% sucrose had the greatest effect on the improvement of traits such as anthocyanin of petals and total chlorophyll of leaf. The highest vase life was 9.7 days in ethanol 4% with 3% sucrose and lowest in 5.2 days in control treatment. The statistical results showed that the majority of traits had significant difference at 1% level and anthocyanin of petals and total chlorophyll of leaf had significant difference at 5% level. Also, the correlation between all traits was statistically significant at 1% and 5%, respectively. Therefore be argued that post-harvest application of ethanol and methanol improved the vase life and morphological and physiological characteristics of carnation cut flowers compared to control and sucrose treatment.

The experiment was carried out order to investigate the effect of micronutrients use method on quantity and quality of sugar beet during 2017-2018. The experiments were performed in a factorial format in a randomized complete-block design based on 3 replications. The experimental treatments consisted of the micronutrients in the following 8 levels: (M0: without the use of micronutrients, M1: Zince sulfate, M2: Manganese sulfate, M3: Iron sulfate, M4: Zince sulfate + Manganese sulfate, M5: Mn Manganese sulfate + Iron sulfate, M6: Zince sulfate + Iron sulfate, M7: Zince sulfate + Manganese sulfate + Iron sulfate) and micronutrients application in two levels: (T1: Soil application, T2:Foliar application).The effect of type of micronutrient on biological yield, root yield, sugar percent and white sugar yield were significant. The effect of use method was significant on biological yield, root yield, sugar percent, sugar extraction coefficient, white sugar yield and sugar yield. The maximum root yield (64.4 t.h-1) was observed in zinc sulfate + manganese sulfate + iron sulfate treatment. Also, the use method of foliar application increased the root yield compared to soil application by 9.3%. The percentage of sugar also increased by using a combination of iron sulfate + zinc sulfate + manganese sulfate 8.8% compared to the control. both methods of application of micronutrients) iron sulfate + zinc sulfate + manganese sulfate (were led to a higher root yield, but in general, the use of foliar application as a method of soil application increased the sugar percent.