نشریه مطالعات اسلام و روان شناسی
پیاپی 24 (بهار و تابستان 1398)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship among organizational virtue, social capital, psychological capital, and Islamic lifestyle in the form of a causal model. The purpose of this study is applied and it, which is based on the structural equation modeling, is a descriptive-correlational research in terms of collecting the data. The population was Research Institute of Petroleum Industry's employees who were selected by the simple random sampling. 165 questionnaires were distributed and the data were analyzed by SPSS software and SmartPLS. According to the results, Islamic lifestyle has a positive and significant effect on psychological capital. There is not a positive and significant relationship between Islamic lifestyle and social capital. Psychological capital has a positive and significant effect on social capital. There is a positive and significant relationship between social capital and organizational virtue. There is a positive and significant relationship between psychological capital and organizational virtue.

This study has been conducted with the aim of designing, constructing, and standardizing a life satisfaction scale from the viewpoint of Islam; thus, the main components of life satisfaction were extracted from Islamic sources by an analytical-descriptive method and then 62 statements were provided by the data and experts' ideas. Some of those statements were omitted after its primary performance in a 30-people sample and finally, a factor analysis of a 48-statement scale called LS (Life Satisfaction) was carried out in a 255-people sample and three factors were obtained. These factors, with a total alpha of 0.92, are, respectively, as follows: satisfactory benevolence (Cronbach's alpha: 0.90), satisfactory performance (Cronbach's alpha: 0.84), and satisfactory realism (Cronbach's alpha: 0.77). According to the results, these three factors can be considered as the three sides of a triangle that the triangle of life satisfaction is based on the principle of satisfaction realism

The aim of this study was to predict children's self-esteem based on parents' parenting styles and mothers' religiosity. 350 students were selected among fourth and fifth grade elementary school students in the city of Qom by the cluster sampling. They answered Rosenberg's (1965) self-esteem scale and their mothers responded to Janbozorgi's (2009) religiosity questionnaire and Baumrind's (1973) parenting style questionnaire. Analyzing the data by the correlation and path analysis demonstrated that authoritative parenting style increases children's self-esteem and authoritarian and permissive parenting styles have not any significant effect on children's self-esteem. Mothers' religiosity increases children's self-esteem and mothers' religious ambivalence and their irreligiosity decrease children's self-esteem. Based on the pattern of path analysis, these two variables indirectly affect parenting style and as a result influence children's self-esteem. Regarding this significant pattern, these two variables can be explained for the dependent variable at a causal level. Therefore, religiosity as a positive variable and religious ambivalence as a negative variable influence parenting style and as a result increase or decrease children's self-esteem

The purpose of this research was to explain a functional model of motivation based on Islamic sources. It applied a descriptive-conceptual methodology. The findings showed that 1) intention is effected by three groups of factors: a) basic intra-personal factors including the types of souls, temperament and nature, and inner trends; b) process intrapersonal factors including cognitive-ideological system and emotional schema system; c) extrapersonal factors which include environment and cultural situations; 2) the effects of motivation can be divided into three groups from the viewpoint of religious sources: a) behavioral effects such as good deed (a criterion of attempt), patience (a criterion of resistance), and the selection of religious criteria (a criterion of selection); b) the level of involvement such as remembering the Hereafter (cognitive involvement), the experience of different emotions including fear, sadness, and so on (emotional involvement), and empathy for guiding people (social agency); c) healthy heart which is an important result of religious motivation system and has an effect on our cognitive and emotional systems

The purpose of this research is to investigate Kennedy's and Suhrawardi's philosophical approaches to the prevention and treatment of mystical and worldly sorrow. The mystical sorrow makes a mystic believe in a higher level and try to achieve it. In psychology, controlling the worldly sorrow is not analyzed basically, but Muslim philosophers have suggested some solutions based on the rational principles rooted in religious teachings. This library and documentary research, organized by a descriptive-analytical method, examined the fundamental prevention and treatment of sorrow with an emphasis on Kennedy's and Suhrawardi's works. According to the findings, there is a logical solution, which is also compatible with religious text, in works of these people. They both believe that the main factor of sorrow is human's mistake in material worldview and his/her involvement in material aspects

The present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of gratitude education based on Quran and its schedule on happiness, life satisfaction, and hope among students and it was conducted with a quasi-experimental method and pretest-posttest design with a control group and a follow-up phase. 75 second grade high school girl students were selected in the city of Shahrekord by the convenience sampling and they were randomly placed in two test groups and one control group. The research tool included the questionnaires of Schneider''s hopefulness, Diner''s life satisfaction, and Oxford happiness inventory. The intervention groups were received weekly or daily gratitude education. The analysis of combined variance shows that a) the gratitude education had a significant effect on hope and happiness in posttest and follow-up phases; b) there was not a significant difference among the groups in terms of life satisfaction; c) the daily gratitude exercise (unlike weekly exercise) considerably increased the level of happiness in groups

This research aimed to study a causal model of the relationship among religion, psychological hardiness, worldism, and problem-solving among soldiers. 110 soldiers with different service years were selected by the simple random sampling among the population (soldiers of the Fourth Base of Air-Force in the city of Isfahan) and responded to worldism questionnaire (MASAD), Ahvaz Hardiness Inventory (AHI), Khodayarifard's religiosity questionnaire, and Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised (SPSI-R). The findings showed that a) religion directly affects problem-solving; b) religion also influences problem-solving by increasing hardiness and decreasing worldism. As a result, religion has an important role in facing life stresses and it can adjust the effects of severe crises in life