مجله پیشرفت های حسابداری
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 76، بهار و تابستان 1398)

This study investigated the effects of revised forecasted earnings frequency on performance of the companies. Updating news frequency revises a company''''s earnings forecasts and deliver more reliable information to the stock market. By reducing information asymmetry, the information needs of the users are satisfied properly and thus the information environment develops. Regarding this, the number of revised forecasted earnings can improve the company''''s performance. The sample included 125 companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange that used a purposeful screening method during 2010 to 2014. Multiple regression, panel data and F Limer (Chow) and Hausman and Jark tests were used to analyze data. The results showed that increase in the frequency of revised forecasted earrings had a significant positive effect on the company''''s value and the cost of capital equity and had a significant and negative impact on the company''''s stock liquidity. On the whole, the frequency of revised forecasted earrings had positive and significant effects on firm''''s performance.

Researchers have recently focused on the effects of non-financial factors on auditors’ judgment. One of the important non-financial factors having a negative impact on auditors’ objectivity is transformational client leadership. The main purpose of this research was to examine the effect of transformational client leadership on objectivity in auditors’ judgment. The statistical population of this study included professional auditors working in trusted audit institutions of the Stock Exchange. The statistical sample in this study consisted of 163 independent auditors as members of trusted audit institutions of the Stock Exchange in 2017-2018. The data were collected via a questionnaire and then analyzed using AMOS software. The findings of this study reveal a significant and negative relationship between transformational client leadership and objectivity in auditor’s judgment and the impact of transformational client leadership on auditor’s objectivity is also partly mediated by client identification, using Structural Equation Modeling at 95% confidence level. Accordingly, transformational client leadership has a positive effect on client identification, and client identification also positively influences auditor’s client acquiescence. Furthermore, the results of the research show that auditor tenure with client, client importance, and client image have a positive impact on client identification. In addition, firm tenure with client has a positive effect on the variable of auditor’s client acquiescence.

Efficient and effective use of sources is the sign of sufficient and complete tact in source management. One of sources of managers is cash. Shareholders have concerns about internal sources usage. Capable managers can increase the value of these sources by recognition of opportunities and threats of company. Beside the effect of managers abilities on the marginal value of sources, some factors like corporate governance, free cash flow and financial constraints could be effective.Therefore, the existence of strong corporate governance mechanisms and financial constraints can affect the managerial ability about the marginal value of cash. Based on testing hypotheses, the managerial ability increases the marginal value of the companies cash. Furthermore, the interactive effect of managerial ability on the marginal value of cash in companies with financial constraints and strong corporate governance mechanisms is more intense. Furthermore, the interactive effect of managerial ability on the marginal value of cash in companies with financial constraints and strong corporate governance mechanisms is more intense.

Until now, Iranian companies have not prepared and present integrated reports. One of the main reasons for not presenting this report is the lack of a pattern for integrated reports. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explain the pattern for presenting financial and non-financial information of Iranian firms in the form of integrated reporting. In this research, the integrated reporting pattern was extracted based on the theories on financial reporting and on the basis of general guidelines presented in the framework of the International Integrated Reporting and a questionnaire was designed based on library studies and experts'' opinions, then the questionnaire delivered to the statistical sample. This research is applied and in terms of data collection and analysis, it is descriptive and survey. The results of non-parametric tests showed that the main components of the integrated reporting pattern are as follows: general theoretical foundations (including goals, users, qualitative characteristics of information, constraints and limitations), reporting approach (either rule-based or law-based), mandatory or voluntary disclosure of the information contained, responsibility of standards settlement, responsibility of the preparation and presentation of the report, the cost of the report, the reporting period, the elements of the report, the publication of the report, the type of companies and the responsibility of report verification. According to the results of this research, suggested that this pattern be used to implement integrated reporting for the disclosure of financial and non-financial information of companies.

The present study investigates the effect of abnormal trades of informed traders on stock liquidity. In this study, fluctuations in the volume of abnormal trades of legal Shareholders before the date of the General meeting were used to measure the different behavior of the informed traders. Also, to measure liquidity of stock, two indicators of the trading value and the open trading days were used. In order to achieve the research goal, 123 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2012 to 2017 were selected. Using the combined data approach, research hypotheses were tested. Findings of the research indicate that there is not a significant relationship between of abnormal trades of informed traders and stock liquidity. This may reflect the heterogeneous behavior of legal stakeholders (as one of the most powerful market players in the capital market) in relation to stock liquidity, resulting in the dissatisfaction of some small shareholders

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the ability to compare accounting and earnings management. The ability to compare one of the qualitative features of financial statements is based on theoretical foundations of accounting and financial reporting. In this research, the ability to compare financial statements using the De Franco (2011) model is measured individually at each industry level. The present research is in terms of applied and methodological aspects of correlation. The statistical population of the research is the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange, which had 146 companies with the necessary data for analysis. The research period is from 2009 to 1394. The applied statistical model is a multivariate regression model and hybrid data is used to test the hypotheses. The results of the research show that there is not a meaningful relationship between accounting and earnings management based on accrual and actual items.

1: The maturity of short-term debt reduces the risk of future stock crash.
H2: The effect of short-term debt maturity on risk reduction is a further crash in stock prices in companies with lower institutional ownership

The overall research method is that at first, the statistical society of the surveyed companies that have been accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange has been investigated from the beginning of 2006 to the end of 2015 in the stock exchange. Then, the companies that did not have the characteristics for this research were eliminated, and finally 154 companies were selected as research samples. Subsequently, the research variables were extracted from the software and financial statements of the remaining companies, and finally the research hypotheses were tested.

The first hypothesis was supported. Suggesting that the maturity of short-term debt reduces the risk of future stock crash.
The first hypothesis was supported. Suggesting that effect of short-term debt maturity on risk reduction is a further crash in stock prices in companies with lower institutional ownership.

Restructuring strategies by companies is selected play important roles to recover them from financial failure. On the other hand, one of the important components that should be taking into account is the determination of life circle in a compamy. Accordingly, the aim of the ptesent research is to evaluate the effect of life cycle and financial failure on the sample structure renewal of 180 companies accepted in Tehran stock exchange. In fact, simultanous effects of life circle and financial failure on strategy of structure renewal of management, renewal of operational structure, and renewal of finacial structure have been studied. Research results demonstrate the effect of financial failure on strategies of the renewal of managerial and financial structute . Moreover, life circle has significant effect on the renewal of operational structure. Finally, research findings show the effect of life circle and finacial failure on the facets of strategies of the renewal of finacial structure.

The aim of this research is to investigate the economic consequences of managers’ overconfidence in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2006-2016. For doing the study, 77 companies were selected as statistical sample. The pooled/paned regression models were applied to analyze of research data in econometric software EViews 9. In the study, dummy variable of Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) was used to measure of the managers’ overconfidence. Also, to calculate of the economic consequences of managers’ overconfidence such as reducing the quality of financial reporting, from the earnings management criterion, increasing the audit expenses, from the natural logarithmic criterion of audit fees, devaluation of the company’s market value, from the index of market value to book value, and increasing financial distress, from the Kurdestani and Tatli indigenous model were exerted. Financial leverage, company size, return on assets, and cash flow from operating were applied as other effective factors on the economic consequences of managers’ overconfidence, too. Findings indicate that the capital expenditures as index of the managers’ overconfidence have a positive and significant effect on the earnings management, as well as on the increase of audit expenses resulting from the decrease in the quality of financial reporting, and have a negative and significant effect on the decrease in the ratio of market value to book value following the reduction of the quality of financial reporting, too. However, the financial distress of companies is independent from the managers’ overconfidence and the reduction in the quality of financial reporting following it.

Abstracta) Introductionthis study, Review the effect of earnings management and cash flow management on auditor type in relation to the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period 1390-1394. The population this study is all of companies listed in the Tehran Stock exchange,that by use of targeted sampling, 120 companies selected as sample. b) Research hypothesisThe first hypothesis is that the earnings management of client is impact on the auditors type. The second hypothesis is that the cash flow management of client is impact on the auditors type. c) Methods In order to test the hypothesis used of logit regression model. Because the depended variable(auditor type) is dummy and abnormal. d) ResultsThe results of hypotheses testing, show that Clients that further Earnings management and cash flow management, have fewer tendencies to top auditors. e) Discussion and ConclusionSo the level of earnings management and cash flow management is impact on auditors type. In other word we can claim that: The high level of earnings management and cash flow management The high level of earnings management and cash flow management represents the low quality of the selected auditor. keywordsEarning Management, Cash Flow Management , Audit , Auditor type.