فهرست مطالب

Arya Atherosclerosis
Volume:15 Issue: 5, Sep 2019

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1398/09/17
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Seyedeh Shokoofeh Mousavi Gazafroudi, Amirreza Sajjadieh Khajouei, Maryam Moradi, Seyedeh Shabnam Mousavi, Ghasem Yadegarfar, Mohammad Bagher Tavakoli* Pages 205-210
    BACKGROUND

    Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is an important modality in diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Owing to the fact that computed tomography (CT) examinations are performed using ionizing radiation; applying radiation dose-reduction strategies seems to be necessary. Lowering tube voltage (in kV) according to the patient’s body mass index (BMI) or weight is an approach that is investigated by many researchers. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of low tube voltage CCTA on radiation dose and image quality in order to decrease radiation dose in selected patients who meet inclusion criteria of the introduced protocol.

    METHODS

    Patients with clinical indications of CCTA who met inclusion criteria were classified in two groups randomly. Imaging of two groups was performed using 120 kV and 100 kV, respectively. Subjective and objective parameters of image quality and radiation dose of two groups were measured. Afterward, data were analyzed by appropriate statistical tests using SPSS software.

    RESULTS

    While differences in image quality between two groups were not significant, radiation dose of patients who underwent 100 kV CCTA was significantly lower than the other group. Effective doses (EDs) of first and second groups were 22.30 ± 5.48 mSv and 13.82 ± 2.00 mSv, respectively (P < 0.001).

    CONCLUSION

    Lowering tube voltage in non-obese patients is an effective and practical approach to radiation dose reduction without missing image quality that should be considered especially for female patients.

    Keywords: Coronary Angiography, Computed Tomography Angiography, Radiation Dosage, Contrast Agent, X-Rays, Image Enhancement
  • Asma Salari Moghaddam, Parisa Hajihashemi, Reyhane Basirat, Seyed Mohammad Mousavi, Amin Salehi Abargouie, Bagher Larijani, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh* Pages 211-212
    BACKGROUND

    Although the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and general/central obesity has extensively been examined, limited data are available in this regard among children. The aim of this study was to examine the association between household SES and obesity among children.

    METHODS

    This cross-sectional study was done in Farrokhshahr, Iran, among primary school children aged 6-12 years in 2009. SES was examined using participants’ and their parents’ oral responses to a pretested questionnaire. In the current study, participants were classified based on tertiles of SES score to low, medium, and high SES categories. General as well as central obesity was defined based on age- and sex-specific national cut-off points.

    RESULTS

    Comparing individuals in the highest versus lowest tertile of SES, there was no significant difference in mean waist circumference (WC), but those in the middle tertile of SES had greater means of body mass index (BMI) than those in the lowest tertile after controlling for potential confounders (16.19 ± 0.27 vs. 15.27 ± 0.27 kg/m2, P = 0.002). We observed a greater chance of general obesity for those in the highest tertile of SES compared with those in the lowest tertile [odds ratio (OR): 4.00, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.53-10.59, Ptrend = 0.004]. No significant association was seen between SES and central obesity, either before or after controlling for potential confounders.

    CONCLUSION

    We found that children in the highest SES class had a greater chance of general obesity than those in the lowest SES class. There was no significant association between SES and central obesity.

    Keywords: Obesity, Overweight, Socioeconomic Status, Children, Anthropometry
  • Seyadeh Narges Mazloomi Kiyapey, Alireza Sadeghi Mahoonak*, Elham Ranjbar Nedamani Pages 218-227
    BACKGROUND

    A hydrolyzed

    protein composition is a mixture of peptide

    and amino acids that
    have been achieved

    through hydrolysis by the enzyme from different sources, acid or caustic soda. These peptides show important health improving properties including anti-oxidation, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive activity.

    METHODS

    The aim of the present study was to hydrolyze the protein extracted from medicinal pumpkin seed (Cucurbita Pepo Con. Pepo Var Styriaca) seed meal by pepsin enzyme to obtain bioactive peptides with the highest antioxidant capacity. For this, response surface method (RSM) and central composite design were used at different enzyme concentrations (1%-2%), hydrolysis times (2-5 hours), and temperatures (30-40 °C) as independent variables. Then, the functional properties (emulsifying capacity, foaming capacity, water absorption capacity, and oil absorption capacity), heat and pH stability, and amino acid analysis were measured for the optimum treatment.

    RESULTS

    2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity of peptides achieved in optimum conditions (82.07%) was highly similar to the results predicted by the software (80.31%) and their functional properties were significantly different from the initial protein (P > 0.050). Amino acid profile showed that the antioxidant capacity of the hydrolysates could be due to the total hydrophobic amino acid content that accounts for 39.85% of total amino acids in pumpkin seed meal.

    CONCLUSION

    According to the results, pumpkin seed meal hydrolysates, with outstanding functional properties, can be used in different food formulation to improve their physical and chemical properties and extend their shelf life, and as antihypertensive and antioxidant agents in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

    Keywords: Pumpkins, Hydrolysis, Antioxidants, Antihypertensives, Amino Acid Analysis
  • Mahshid Givi, Kiyan Heshmat Ghahdarijani, Mohammad Garakyaraghi, Ghasem Yadegarfar, Mehrbod Vakhshoori, Maryam Heidarpour, Davood Shafie*, Nizal Sarrafzadegan Pages 228-232
    BACKGROUND

    Heart failure (HF) resulted from ultimate pathway of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) or as a separate entity poses a considerable increasing prevalence and economic burden, but its registry for better management is less frequently done. In this study, we aimed to design and implement HF registry.

    METHODS

    Persian Registry Of cardioVascular diseasE (PROVE) was initiated from March 2015 and continuously collected information of patients suffering from HF, ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), atrial fibrillation (AF), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), stroke, familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), congenital heart disease (CHD), chronic ischemic cardiovascular disease (CICD), and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) from 18 different cardiac centers. Data of patients with HF were collected from their medical forms and recorded in a registry system of PROVE/HF plus telephone follow-up survey of 1, 6, and 12 months after the date of HF attack.

    RESULTS

    Assessment of all related questions led to definition of a final questionnaire including 27 items regarding demographic information, underlying disorders and their complications, patients’ symptoms and signs, and laboratory and relevant para-clinic data at admission time, during hospitalization, and post discharge. Follow-up information was mostly based on patients’ general status and medication usage.

    CONCLUSION

    PROVE execution was a successful and hopeful project providing data of major CVDs in order to design appropriate preventive actions and better management and treatment strategies plus a valuable data center being utilized in multiple future comprehensive projects.

    Keywords: Heart Failure, Methodology, Registries, Iran
  • Hamid Reza Nematollahi, Reza Hosseini, Ali Bijani, Haleh Akhavan Niaki, Hadi Parsian, Mahdi Pouramir, Mehrdad Saravi, Mojgan Bagherzadeh, Abbas Mosapour, Massud Saleh Moghaddam, Majid Rajabian, Monireh Golpour, Amrollah Mostafazadeh* Pages 233-240
    BACKGROUND

    The age-related autoinflammation-mediated atherosclerosis is associated with some immunological, nutritional, and metabolic parameters and redox status. Here, we evaluated the association of circulatory interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels with lipid profile, some nutrients, and total anti-oxidant capacity in elderly people who presented cardiovascular disease (CVD) with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in healthy subjects.

    METHODS

    In this cross-sectional case-control study, 258 sera prepared from elderly people (144 healthy and 114 patient subjects) who participated in a community-based study, the Amirkola Health and Ageing Project (AHAP), were analyzed for IL-10, lipid profile, vitamin D, selenium (Se), antioxidant capacity, and MetS.

    RESULTS

    Compared to patients, the healthy subjects exhibited higher levels of circulatory IL-10 among individuals with detectable serum IL-10 (P = 0.036). However, this difference was not observed when total subjects from both groups were compared, since more than 90% of those people were IL-10-negative. Se, vitamin D, and antioxidant levels were similar in both groups. There was a negative association between IL-10 and body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.050) and an equivocal association with vitamin D levels, whereas the association between IL-10 and other indicated variables was not significant. Significant association was observed between MetS and CVD prevalence (P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between Se and total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) (P < 0.010) in healthy subjects and with TC in patients (P < 0.050).

    CONCLUSION

    A major proportion of elderly people were serum IL-10-negative, whereas independently to IL-10, MetS was most common in patients with CVD. Weight loss may have the potential to increase IL-10 levels in the elderly.

    Keywords: Interleukin 10, Lipids, Cardiovascular Diseases, Antioxidants, Metabolic Syndrome, Elderly
  • Maryam Eghbali Babadi, Awat Feizi, Alireza Khosravi*, Fatemeh Nouri, Marzieh Taheri, Nizal Sarrafzadegan Pages 241-249
    BACKGROUND

    There are a number of tools to assess self-care in hypertension (HTN), but they do not cover all the dimensions of self-care and do not have a good reliability and validity. This study was conducted to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a tool for self-care assessment in HTN.

    METHODS

    This cross-sectional, methodological study was conducted in Isfahan, Iran. An expert panel was held to assess the qualitative face validity of the tool. The content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were measured. The questionnaire was distributed among 20 patients to measure its internal reliability. After 14 days, it was re-distributed among the same patients, as a measure of external reliability. The questionnaire was completed by 203 patients with HTN and an exploratory factor analysis was performed in order to assess the construct validity of the tool.

    RESULTS

    The items of the self-care tool were confirmed with a CVR ≥ 0.5, Kappa ≥ 0.71, I-CVI = 0.69, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.952. The factor analysis showed that the 16-item questionnaire has 5 dimensions, including follow-up [3 items; factor loadings (FL) = 0.619 to 0.869, and Cronbach's alpha (α) = 0.737], healthy lifestyle (5 items; FL = 0.709 to 0.846, α = 0.703), promoting qualifications (4 items; FL = 0.610 to 0.791, α = 0.594), medication therapy (2 items; FL = 0.699 and 0.740, α = 0.717), and following recommendations (2 items, FL = 0.577 and 0.744, α = 0.701). These 5 dimensions explained 62.686% of the variance. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the final self-care assessment questionnaire was 0.833.

    CONCLUSION

    The developed questionnaire proved to have appropriate psychometric properties for measuring self-care in patients with HTN

    Keywords: Blood Pressure, Chronic Disease, Hypertension, Self-Care
  • Ahmad Amouzeshi, Bibifatemeh Shakhsemampour *, Mahmoud Ganjifard Pages 250-252
    BACKGROUND

    Although patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is more prevalent among infants and children, it might be seen among adults as well. It is not usually seen among adults, since it is often diagnosed and treated in childhood.

    CASE REPORT

    In the present case, a 73-year-old man referred to the hospital with symptoms including dyspnea, cold sweating, and chest pain with a burning nature which was lasting for 30 minutes. Angiography revealed coronary artery obstruction, so he became a coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) candidate. Except for dilatation of the left atrium, no specific findings were reported in the patient's echocardiography report. When the pump was turned off by the surgeon, the patient’s heart filled up and he was not able to get off the pump. Simultaneously, the patient started to have bloody respiratory secretions. With all that in mind, the surgeon suspected that he might suffer from a PDA, then he found an 8-mm PDA and closed it. Then, the patient was taken off the cardiorespiratory pump.

    CONCLUSION

    Although PDA is more common among children and infants, it can be found among adults according to previous cases and our case as well. Since patients with PDA refer to physicians for other clinical issues, it is recommended to apply more precision in diagnostic methods such as taking a good history, echocardiography, and electrocardiogram (ECG). Moreover, it is recommended that if a patient has conditions similar to our patient, the surgeon must be sure of a possible PDA.

    Keywords: Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Adult, Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting