مجله جغرافیا و روابط انسانی
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 6، پاییز 1398)

The achievement of development in any society at first requires a national motivation to develop and define an appropriate pattern of development to the needs of society; and secondly depends on the existence of a map for development that can invest opportunities by considering both former and future challenges and experience of the past. By using these two critical points, the society can demonstrate a desirable development path to society. Hence, land preparation is a necessary document that defines the general guidelines for the organization of the country's territorial space and the infrastructure development policies of the land.

The purpose of this research is to use strategic planning, a systematic method for decision making and implementation of activities in formulating and guiding a policy, on the effect of this policy on the development of eastern parts of the country in the energy transfer basin by descriptive-analytical method, and using the SWOT analytical model.

The results show that according to the current situation, the appropriate strategies for improving of the eastern regions of the country are defensive; and now based on the prioritization, strategies for compiling a comprehensive plan, comprehensive development Eastern provinces of the country (especially border regions), development and strengthening of various types of infrastructure, the basis of the energy transfer including: transportation, railways, roads, etc., is to increase the links between the densely populated centers of the eastern regions and the inner centers of the country. Conclusin: Therefore, the adoption and implementation of this policy Increasing the role and contribution of the country in the transit of goods and international transportation, strengthening economic, social, cultural and security with neighboring countries of the East and Northeast.. Keyword: Energy Transmission, East Axis Development, Land Expansion, Development Strategy, Eastern Borders, SWOT,Attachments area..

Today, tourism activities are considered to be part IV of human activities after agriculture, industry and services. Experts predict that tourism will become the most profitable industry in the world in 2020. The term sustainability is widely accepted as a fundamental approach to any type of development, including tourism, and in political and environmental issues, sustainable tourism is a new concept for dealing with the destructive effects of tourism development. Establishments, travel agencies and tourism have a major role in the evolution and world tourism development, trying these institutions to provide information and travel activities and whatever is needed by the tourist. Urban tourism is known to visit urban areas near the lives of people. Will play a main and important role in the sustainable development of tourism in Kermanshah city. The purpose of this article is to analyze the capacity of tourism agencies in the sustainable development of urban tourism in Kermanshah city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and information analysis using the SWOT model, which studies the capacities of tourism agencies in the sustainable development of urban tourism in Kermanshah then proposes appropriate strategies. The results show that the internal factors strengths are the highest priority in providing services and issuing tickets, online booking, hotel, inn and restaurant and etc. with a final weight of 0.45 and the highest priority weaknesses in high rate of services and facilities, ticket price, hotel, transportation and etc. with a final weight of 0.378 and in external factors opportunities the highest priority is engage in public investment in the development of urban tourism with a final weight of 0.432 and threats the factor the effect of currency fluctuations on increasing costs in providing agency services and reducing tourists with a final weight of 0.432.

ABSTRACT The indicator of urban success is the success of its urban services. Although much research on services have been made, there is major gap with regard to the regional services, especially on urban services within a country. As for urban services, there are few research on factors influencing urban services and its effect on regional growth. In reaction to this, the government intend to accelerate the development of urban services and regional economy in the present Twelfth Five-Year Plan 2011-2015.Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that influence urban services growth from demand , supply, institutional environment and spatial agglomeration side. By using cross-section multiple regression analysis, the study examine the factors influencing urban services growth in China .The model indicated that except for urbanization, division of labor , other independent variables have contributed positively towards urban services growth in China. Keywords: Urban Services; Influencing Factors; Services Growth

One of the pillars of health assessment of various communities is the mental health of that community. Undoubtedly mental health plays an important role in ensuring the dynamics and efficiency of each community. With the formation of urban abandoned spaces, there is actually a kind of inner-city decline, which coincides with the growth of the city's expansion in marginal areas, the lack of attention to this issue can increase the more dispersed urban prevalence and increase the urban development process Unstable, and endangers the mental health of the community in learning and social interactions, and affects the performance and efficiency of individuals. The present research is a qualitative research method and the research method is descriptive-analytic. Regarding the subject, data collection has been conducted in two documentary and survey methods, in which the theoretical foundations, survey indicators and census data were collected in documentary and libraries, and in order to examine the indicators in Mashhad metropolitan area, the required data are collected from field surveying techniques including field surveys, interviews with citizens. An evaluation of the HIA method has been used. The results of the research show that HIA policy needs to be explained that, although the impact assessment is often Health is done at the project level, with more general policies such as employment, trade, education and policies Design's strategic location can be used to assess the effects of mental health. The goal of health impact assessment policies on the other hand is to prevent social harm and increase opportunities for improving health.

Recently, study of the ecological foot prints and specifically including energy and carbon foort prints have been interested and a plenty of papers and books have been published in this matter over the world. Nevetheless, the ecological foot prints’ literature is not still common in Iranian scientific and public societies. These published papers and books have been mostl focosed on the explanation of carbon and energy foot print concepts. More over, there are a lots of definitions on these concepts from different views and seems that there is a common and general understanding on the meaning of carbon and energy foot prints. Indeed, not only there is not a comprehensive agreement but also there are a lots of confusion on the exact meaning, deffintion and the way and unit of measurement of these foot prints. Despite of these different ideas, the emission of green house gases from consuming of fossile fules and human activities is the common point of view. Here we report a review article on ecological food prints for clarifying of the concept and getting a common understanding.

In the late nineteenth century, a philosophical method known as pragmatism emerged in America. Pragmatism is a kind of cognitive method and is of great importance as a pragmatic and realistic philosophy. The followers of pragmatism in applied geography place more emphasis on human geography. Because mixed research is the result of a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, its paradigm should also cover both types of research. That pragmatism paved the way for multiple ways, different worldviews, different assumptions as well as different forms of data collection and analysis. Accordingly, the present study examines the method of mixed research in the realm of pragmatism (a method for geographical research) and first deals with the founding thinkers of pragmatism and their views and then deal with its core principles as well as influential schools and approaches. In the following, pragmatism is re-considered and re-emerged in geography and pragmatism as a philosophy of inquiry is described. After examining the criticisms of this approach, the mixed methodology of the school has included a variety of strategies of mixed practices. After showing the steps of mixed research projects, a summary of the mixed sample research method in the field of rural research is provided.

Today, rural tourism can play a very effective role in creating jobs, increasing the income of the villagers, reducing their migration to cities, removing poverty from the rural community, and ultimately the economic growth and development of the villages. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of indicators affecting rural tourism development in Lorestan province. The statistical population of the study consisted of 12 approved tourism target villages in Lorestan province using researcher-made questionnaire. The results showed that in order to develop rural tourism in Lorestan it is necessary to attract investors in the public and private sectors. Positive consequences of the boom in rural tourism include expanding the transport network, increasing recreational facilities, creating employment for the villagers. Failure to properly manage rural tourism will lead to increased environmental pollution and dramatic change in property prices in the villages under study.Keywords: Rural tourism, Tourism target villages, Lorestan.

With attention to the effect of industrial siteselection on regional economy in populated areas, Urban Upthrowing, suburban changes both in structure and texture, social and physical ruptureand change in demand of infrastructures and type of service method, can include siteselection for industrial plate as importance and principals discussion in development. However, exactly industrial siteselection have a grand value in decrease environmental destructive result and geographic studies have very important level. Unconsidered establishment industrial plate, without study the environmental effects can accompany with pollution and destruction. therefore, in this study, efficacy of environmental factors on industrial siteselection with emphasis on the spatial analyst method in north area of Hamedan province as a semi industrial region investigated. To this approach, GIS database includes maps, digital images and attribute data created and climate layers product with interpolation methods, layers standardization create with performance scales on the basis fuzzy logic. Then, by using AHP method weighted layers and overlays them with WLC composition. Final map determinate optimum palce for establish industrial plate, and situation of this area be analysis about prevailing wind direction. On the other hand, trends in temperature and precipitation investigated and final place for establish industrial plate evaluate with climate change parameters.

Technology or technical knowledge is an integral part of the business field, especially startups. Technology is also a classic in the sense of industrial developments that Europe has achieved since the Renaissance. That's why it's important to talk about a technology transfer agreement or technical knowledge. This research has been compiled as a review and library using various sources. The results show that technical know-how and technology, like other property, can be transferred and the owner can transfer it for free or for free. The best format for this transfer is also licensing contracts. However, in order to avoid undermining the rights of the technical knowledge owner or the transfer of the recipient, it is recommended to consult experts in the field in the preparation of these contracts.

Corporate social responsibility is a key factor in any organization's survival. The rapid rise of environmental problems threatens all human societies. The origin of these environmental problems can be attributed to the growth patterns of modern societies. Many corporate executives are competing with each other and looking for new solutions to enhance their organization's performance that are of major concern to today's organizations. The purpose of performance is to focus employees on task performance. The main purpose of this study is to identify the impact of social responsibility on the development of environmental resources and the performance of municipalities. The method of data collection was a researcher-made questionnaire survey. The statistical population of this research is the companies related to the environment and green space of municipalities and the number of employees in these companies is 200 persons. . The results of this study show that among the components of social responsibility with environmental resource development and internal processes performance of municipalities organizations with coefficient 0.916, environmental development and performance of municipalities organization 0.525, economic development of municipalities performance 0.688 and supplier environmental development equal 0.811. is. The relationship between supplier environmental development and competitive advantage with a coefficient of 2.166 and financial performance of 2.545 is significant. Also, there is a significant relationship between supplier environmental development and competitive advantage with a coefficient of 0.275 and financial performance of 0.228.

Rural sustainable development is a complex and multi-dimensional phenomenon. In fact, it is not possible to preserve the future of the rural without knowing the different aspects of rural living. Rural sustainability is the ultimate goal of rural sustainable development. One-sidedness or neglect of any component of sustainable rural development results in irreparable damage to the future of the rural. The results show that components such as culture, environment, security, education, participation and human have to be considered in order to achieve sustainable rural development. There are also deterrent components such as managerial, governmental, economic, biological, social, infrastructure and urban creep challenges. Overall, the creation of rurals, the development of rural tourism industry such as food tourism, improvement of land laws, construction of biogas units, implementation of the conductor plan and implementation of a management system based on the specific characteristics of the rural, can facilitate the sustainable development of the rural. In this review, which has been reviewed using written library resources and websites, the issue of sustainable development of the rural and the ways of achieving it are presented and some solutions are presented.

Drainage zoning and analysis in Lorestan province using drought indices Mostafa Fallahi (PhD in Climate Change, Researcher in ACECR Lorestan Unit) Mohammad Reza Mansouri (Master of Urban Planning, Municipality of Kuhdasht) Rasul Ali Ghaderi (Expert of Islamic Iran History, Municipality of Kuhdasht) Hossein Salehi (PhD student in Watershed Management, Lorestan University) Abstract The present study aimed to zoning and analysis of droughts using drought indices in Lorestan province. The statistical period of 20 years (1987-2009) was considered as a common statistical period. Then, with the help of DIP software, the RAI, PNPI and SPI indices calculate the drought condition for the stations under study and then to map the drought severity from geostatistical methods of the specified reverse distance method, Local estimator method, general estimator and radial function method have been used in Arc GIS 5/10 software environment. Keywords: Drought, Zoning, Lorestan Abstract The present study aimed to zoning and analysis of droughts using drought indices in Lorestan province. The statistical period of 20 years (1987-2009) was considered as a common statistical period. Then, with the help of DIP software, the RAI, PNPI and SPI indices calculate the drought condition for the stations under study and then to map the drought severity from geostatistical methods of the specified reverse distance method, Local estimator method, general estimator and radial function method have been used in Arc GIS 5/10 software environment. Keywords: Drought, Zoning, Lorestan

Abstract For the first time in thoroughly history, the majority of the world's population lives in urban centers. From the 7.6 billion people on Earth, almost one-third of the population is children. It is estimated that until 2050, approximately 70 percent of the world's children will be in urban areas. According to UNICEF study, millions of children are living in extreme poverty and urban environments have hazardous to life, In this regard, urban planners and responsible authorities should consider children at the forefront of their decisions. Millions of children in cities are deprived of basic social services such as education and health. These children deserve to live in a safe environment and need those who protect them from exploitation and abuse. Generally, the concept of "child-friendly city" means how government's administrated these cities based on interests of the children, as well as cities where respected to children's basic rights such as health, transportation, education and culture. According these matters, children are defined as citizens who have rights to express their views and needs. A child-friendly city is not only a good city for children; it is a child-made city.

One way to identify the cultural characteristics of each ethnic group is to study their clothing. Traditional clothing in any society can represent their identity and culture. Traditional Baluchi clothing is their most valuable cultural asset because of its wide use, and the visual dimension reflects the social and cultural identity of this ethnic group,Needlework is one of the most common, yet most prominent, arts among Baluchi women, which despite being well-known in most of the studies in this field, has less paid attention to the formal structure of its motifs ,This study aimed to identify the needlework roles of Iranian Baluchis through objectivity and subjectivity. The importance and necessity of the purpose is that it is used daily in the daily lives of the people, and despite the long years of diversification of clothing, it has always maintained its place in the rich culture of the Baluchi people and is an important part of the economy and employment. This is a descriptive-analytical study. Baluch needlework patterns are very diverse, with the needlework variety being objectively and mentally expanding now and new designs and designs have emerged from the mix of original designs