مجله دانشکده پرستاری ارتش
سال چهاردهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 27، پاییز 1393)

Cancer is one of the main challenges faced by Iran’s health care system. It can damage not only their bodies but also their emotional and mental health. The purpose of this study is systematic review self-care program based on Orem Theory in military personnel with cancer and explaining the importance of the nurses role in providing nursing care to these patients.

This paper is a review article that based on collecting data from electronic sources (MEDLINE) and published from 2000 to 2014 research related to the topic.

One important aspect of quality of care is, patient participation in their care process. The care of patients with cancer, including recognition of symptoms, maintaining the healthy lifestyle, the control of disease impact on daily performance and emotions and social relations. Adherence to self-care behaviors in patients suffering from cancer is very important and patients can affect on their comfort, functional abilities and disease processes by acquiring self-care skills.

Nurses are among the core members of the health care provider team who spend more time with patients at all stages of cancer. Therefore, in order to reach the important goal providing patients with different types of assistance, nurses need to gather information on cancer, self-care and quality of life. Patient -nurse collaboration can increase the quality of life of patients with cancer and prevents early retirement of military personnel.

Angiography is the best method of diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease, but for many patients is a stressful and daunting experience. Patient tries to cope with the stress and anxiety affects on the physiological responses and confronts the risk of the angiography room. This article is written to familiarize this community with the incidence, morbidity and non pharmacologic methods of coping with stress and anxiety in patients undergoing coronary angiography, particularly methods of peer education an orientation tour, considering to the role supportive and palliative nurses.

This study is review article that search through the library and internet resources like Pub Med, Science direct, Nursing consult, SID and Magiran which is published in 2004 - 2014.

High levels of stress and anxiety in patients undergoing coronary angiography increase activity of the sympathetic nerves and vascular permeability, so that there is the possibility of dysrhythmias during coronary angiography, coronary artery spasm or rupture. Although many pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods have been proposed but the reduction of anxiety and stress of these patients is one of the major challenges for nurses. Reducing anxiety and increasing satisfaction and confidence are required to provide detailed and accurate information about how to perform coronary angiography and necessary actions before, during and after of the consistent and patient notification. It seems that it can reduce anxiety and stress to the patient by a peer education method and orientation tour with angiography department.

So it is fitting due to the insufficiency of nurses and increasing the number of heart patients undergoing coronary angiography and insufficient knowledge about the process and its method, high prevalence of stress and anxiety before surgery and adverse effects associated with it and the effects of tranquilizers, using different approaches based on nursing education such as peer education and orientation tour to reduce stress and anxiety in this patient.

Clostridium botulinum, a toxin most commonly found in soil and honey products, is the main source of infantile botulism. Botulinum toxin is one of the most deadly substances that can attack the neuromuscular system, resulting in an extensive range. A high index of suspicion is crucial in promptly diagnosing and treating infantile botulism because of the potential for abrupt progression into respiratory failure. The purpose of this study is review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations of infantile botulism, as well as the valuable role of the nurse practitioner plays in preventing this disease within the infantile.

This paper is a review article that based on collecting data from electronic sources, data base sources Pub Med, Science Direct and published from 2000 to 2014 research related to the topic.

Infant botulism results from the absorption of heat-labile neurotoxin produced in situ by ingested Clostridium Botulinum. Honey and environmental exposure are the main sources of acquisition of the organism. Clinical manifestations are owing to progressive neuromuscular blockade, initially of muscles innervated by cranial nerves and later of the trunk, extremities and diaphragm. The diagnosis is made on clinical grounds and is confirmed by recovery of the organism or by detection of toxin in the stool. Management includes meticulous supportive intensive care that may include mechanical ventilation and administration of human botulinum immunoglobulin in severe cases.

Treatment of infant botulism type A, B or type C with BIG-IV should be initiated promptly and not delayed for laboratory confirmation of diagnosis because prompt treatment ends further progression of the illness. Prompt treatment of infant botulism with BIG-IV is safe and effective in shortening the length and cost of the hospital stay and reduction the severity of illness. Timely provision of nursing services and promotion of public awareness through education are important.

Anxiety is a natural and warning reaction that it also could be effective on diagnostic tests or surgical procedures which leaves an impression on patients recovery and leads to many physiologic complications. Acupressure is a type of traditional medicine which physicians, nurses even patients can use that.

In the present review literature, a search of English and Persian language literature was performed incorporating both electronic and manual sources from 1995 to 2014.

Many studies shows positive effects of acupressure on anxiety but there are inversed results about its effects on its physical signs. Discussion and

Acupressure can be a suitable method for anxiety reduction. Because of that anxiety reduction is one of the main nurses duties, using acupressure as a simple and without sideeffects and not much expensive method, can be a suitable choice.

Special care includes the continuing, precise and specific care of the patients who have been under dangerous situations and need to control one or more persistent and severe organ by skilled personnel using advanced equipment and facilities. More than 4 million people in the United States receive services each year which has annual cost of more than 180 billion dollars as a result. Currently, there is no exact number of patients hospitalized in intensive care units available. Evidences indicate that family members have an important role on improvement of patients in intensive care units. Family members can help to reduce anxiety in compliance with the environment and they are a source of support for the patients.

In production of the article used valid studies, library and internet search sites and access to all articles with keyword instrument, psychometric, translation, development, ICU satisfaction, family patient are used.

Evaluation and measurement of patient family satisfaction is an important method to assess quality aspect in intensive care units. The quality of care improvement in the intensive care unit requires measurement data of family satisfaction. Authentic literature to measure satisfaction families have suggested several key factors including staff courtesy, respect, affection, information provided to the families and the health care provided to their patients. Dissatisfaction of health care has included adversity. Discontent led to the disconnection of the health care system or at least a lack of participation in the provision of services. In addition, they lead to unpleasant feelings of personal inadequacy and unpleasantness, and consequently reducing the efficiency of the health system.

The intensive care unit family satisfaction is the most alternative of ICU patient satisfaction. Therefore improve quality of health care and healing process may impact should be noted that primary health care services in a competitive market, the firms will be more successful in their plans services that recipients consent is their most important goal.

Error is an inevitable aspect of the vocations, especially jobs related to healthcare. The alleged error is not completely preventable. Medication errors, are among the most common which lead to reduce quality of care. The purpose of this study is to determine the causes of nursing medication errors and identifying ways to reduce it.

This study provides an overview of library resources and databases (Pub Med, Medline, Google, SID, Magiran,....) with The literature review from 2000 to 2011 with keywords (Preventable,medication errors, nurse) has been developed.

Drug errors are significant global concern which have serious medical consequences, including patients death. It is one of the obvious and expensive problems in hospitals that nurses have important role in committing it. Discussion and

Creating a safe system in production and promoting quality of care in hospitals is related to reduction of medical errors.

One of vulnerable groups at risk is women. Women make up 8 percent of people infected with the AIDS virus (HIV) in our country that vast majority of them are young and reproductive age. In recent two decades, an estimated number of AIDS cases that have been won in the perinatal period, has been significantly reduced. The main reason for this decrease was the implementation of prenatal HIV testing and providing antiretroviral therapy to pregnant women and their babies. The purpose of this paper is to support mothers with AIDS and to do efforts for preventing HIV transmission to infants from mothers in order to decrease problems so that they can return to society.

This paper was an overview of the studies, library and Internet search sites Google, SID, science direct, med pub and it has been collected by using the keywords HIV, pregnancy, babies and children in the years 2005-2014.

If Mothers infected with HIV become pregnant, they can transmit the virus to their children during pregnancy, childbirth or after birth through breastfeeding. Postpartum mothers, who are infected with the AIDS virus, probably carry 30 percent of infection through breastfeeding their child. HIV-positive women are also more prone to depression than other groups.

With regard to this perspective that today AIDS is a “disease”, not “crime”, If infected women are treated as a “sick “ not “ criminal “, we can make psychological and material support to HIV-positive women in order for preventing them from complications during pregnancy and childbirth, and transmission to baby.

Although medical ethics as a branch of science is considered a new discussion, classic form was first proposed nearly a quarter century ago. On the other hand, medicine is a unique subject among the scientific topics that are related directly to the human life. That’s why ethics is considered an integral component of medical science and its recommends are practical measures for treatment and medical research institutions. Particular emphasis, which is on the country’s religious and spiritual values, is the basis for the considered deeds to protect the dignity and value of human beings. Currently, various rules have been set in order to guide the professional medical behaviors and methods. According to this important point, the present study has been done in order to describe the evolution of medical change, with an emphasis on ethics and its current place in Iran.

This overviewed article has been prepared by searching for library resources and scientific databases, using the websites such as Sid, search engine Google, Google scholar.

History of Medicine in Iran is dated about four centuries before Christ and as the evidences show, since that time, all the Iranian physicians paid specific attention to ethics and have taken many effective actions for promotion of medical ethics. In present time; there are also many efforts being done that it is good to mentioned, the study centers about ethics have decided to add related course to ethics and presenting ethic codes in universities.

In our country, despite the rich historical background, medical ethics has not been found in its right place. Promotion of medical ethics in our country is not separated from medical science so managers, program makers, medical instructors can promote the professional function of caring personnel by presenting instructional programs and codifying right sides regarding observing ethics.