مجله دانشکده پرستاری ارتش
سال هفدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 33، زمستان 1396)

A great deal of researches has been devoted to the understanding of factors contributing to burnout and the negative effects of burnout in the cost and the quality of the provided healthcare. The aim of this study is the role of four key factors motivation, leadership, empowerment and confidence to reduce burnout among nurses.

This paper is a review article that based on collecting data from library resources and databases (PubMed, Science Direct, SID, Google Scholar) with the literature review from  2000 to 2017 with keywords (burnout, motivation, leadership, empowerment, confidence, mental health) has been developed.

Job burnout is a reaction to chronic occupational stresses that’s described by terms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. The main dimension of job burnout is emotional exhaustion. Leadership, motivation, empowerment and confidence are four important factors that can providing roles against burnout and promoting the mental health status of the personnel.
Discussion and

In difficult and stressful working conditions the work environment should be changed in order to reduce burnout levels successfully. Indeed, recent studies have highlighted the role of human resources management in burnout. It has been widely recognized that human resource management policies should be at the core of any sustainable solution that aims to increase health care systems performance and efficient.

Today, more than ever, the need to use complementary therapies, such as relaxation methods, is felt in the plan of treatment and care of patients.  But so far, the present study has not been conducted to compare different relaxation strategies in order to find the most preferred one. The aim of this paper is to review articles done in the field of comparison of two Benson and progressive muscle relaxation.

This article is a review research which is conducted based on library studies and search via internet databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, SID and Magiran, over the years 2000 to 2015.

Considering the findings of the selected previous studies, one can generally perceive the positive effects of the two relaxation techniques (Benson's and Progressive muscle relaxation) on pain alleviation. Furthermore, it seems like these two methods have significantly positive effects by incorporating similar mechanisms to alleviate the pain among patients of hemodialysis, heart surgery, Caesarean section, Rheumatoid Arthritis, etc.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Using these two techniques in alleviating patients' pains is recommended because of the positive effects of these two methods. However, due to the fact that no studies have been conducted to analyze and compare the extent of control and pain alleviation among patients, it is not clear which one is more preferable. It is recommended that more researches to be done in this regard in order to recognize and discover more efficient models

Continuous scientific advances along with patients' changing status requires that nurses to be able to diagnose the patients' problems combining their technical skills and professional knowledge and to design, implement and evaluate care programs based on scientific evidence to solve these problems. So the purpose of this paper is to introduce evidence-based nursing as a method for providing high quality care.

This paper is a review article. The data collection was conducted within 2000 and 2017 and developed using library resources and searching in reference books and internet sites SID - Magiran- Google scholar, PubMed and Sciences Direct with the keywords nursing, care and evidences-based.

Nurses are the largest group of health care providers and play an important role in the continuity of care and maintaining and promotion of health in health care system at different levels. In recent years, the use of evidence-based care in nursing has been increased. And evidence-based nursing has been raised as a way for treatment and health cares based on the newest findings and evidence. In this paper, the definition of evidence-based nursing, the importance of using evidence in practice, stages of implementation of evidence-based nursing and barriers to its implementation are presented.

 Discussion and Conclusion:

The nurses who have established their actions based on scientific evidences and documents, have made better decisions and provided care with higher quality. It has also decreased the hospitalization time and patients costs and has brought a better cost-effectiveness for patients and the organization.

Nowadays chemotherapy is the most important therapy for most cancers which objective is to restrain generating cancerous cells or killing them. Some strategies can be useful for controlling chemotherapy side effects which can outshine patients' life vigorously. The present study has been conducted under the goal of introducing such strategies.

This section has been done to exclude key words such as coping strategies, cancer, chemotherapy, side effects for searching related articles conducted via databases like Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, Magiran, Biomed and Elsevier within 2000-2017.

The recent researches have demonstrated that patients apply different useful strategies such as progressive relaxation methods, meditation strategies, massage therapy, yoga exercises, and other amusing strategies such as book reading, listening to music and walking, spiritual activities like saying prayers and holy book reading, and planned disturbing mind activities Most of mentioned strategies lead to disease signs' controlling, providing healthy life and side effects controlling on daily life which can develop social and psychological patients' lives.

 Discussion and Conclusion:

Due to the common problems and side effects of chemotherapy and also the importance of applying strategies to deal with these side effects in the clients, it is necessary to get acquainted to these strategies in order to be able to decrease mentioned side effects by both nurses and patients.

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the world. The important methods in the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease is coronary angiography. This therapy as well as other treatment methods such as anxiety, hemodynamic disorders, stress and etc. aromatherapy is one of the best ways to reduce the effects of Coronary angiography. The purpose of this article is the effect of aromatherapy on anxiety in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

This study is a retrospective study based on data collected from online sources in databases regular search Google Scholar, SID, Pub Med, Elsevier from 2010 to 2015 with the key words cardiovascular angiography, aromatherapy, anxiety and stress It has been done.

Aromatherapy method is very simple, cheap and available. The simple reason being this way, nurses can use it. Plant extracts used in aromatherapy have no side effects for patients. The results show that this method can reduce anxiety, stress and hemodynamic measurements in patients undergoing cardiac angiography.

Discussion and Conclusion:

The results show that aromatherapy is one of the important methods to improve complications are cardiovascular angiography.

Nowadays, most of hospitalized patients are treated by using peripheral venous catheters. Phlebitis is the most common complications of this catheter that leads to additional complications for patients, increased healthcare costs and waste of time. This article aimed to evaluate prevention methods of phlebitis.

This is a review study that performed in 2016. It was conducted by searching print materials and online databases as Elsevier, Google Scholar, SID and Science Direct between 2000 and 2016.

Chemical drugs, herbal medicine and disinfectant solutions were used for prevention of phlebitis. These included intravenous Heparin, Diclofenac topical gel, Aloe Vera, and local Sesame oil. New solutions like Nanosil disinfection, Chlorhexidine Gluconate 2% compared with conventional solutions and various dressings have been investigated in the studies. Herbal medicine and disinfectant solution methods preferred for lower costs and complications and usability in most patients.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Nurses should become familiar with non-pharmacological prevention methods of phlebitis. Hereby, they can perform their duties in safety, low cost, easy and practical methods, and take an effective step to improve the quality of care for patients.

Patients as one of the most vulnerable social groups from the aspect of physical, psychological, social and economic, have formal and legal rights that in all societies try to follow it. In this paper, is tried to review the history of patient’s rights charter and then the results of several studies on the situation of patients’ rights in health centers has been reported.

This paper is a review article that based on collecting data by searching the key words: “Patients’ rights” “Hospitalized” in the library, theses and online databases: SID, Google Scholar & Magi ran among 2008 -2016 has been done.

Effective factors on patients' rights are classified in three groups: organizational factors, factors related to personnel (doctors, nurses) and factors related to service recipients (patients, clients). In addition, factors such as age, education level, place of residence (urban / rural), duration of hospitalization, can have an impact on patients' rights. Also marked, this charter as well as among health care personnel and patients is unknown or if know, have still not implemented properly.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Patients' rights are not in good condition. Therefore, it is suggested, the authorities focused on programs to educate and increase public awareness in base of patient rights.

Foot injuries and wounds are one of the most important complications of diabetes, which accounts for a large share of the cost, time and manpower of health systems. Nurses as the most important member of the health care team can play a vital role in preventing, diagnosing and educating the patient. In this article, we have tried to explain the role of nurses and their education in improving the level of health literacy and self-care of diabetics in order to prevent and reduce the complications of diabetic foot.

This article has been reviewed through a search of databases such as SID, PubMed, Google Scholar, and library resources published over the last 10 years.

Various studies show that over 15% of diabetic patients develop diabetic foot ulcers during their life, that one of the most important complications of that is foot amputation. Treatment for diabetic foot is very difficult, but prevention is much more beneficial and economically more economical. Studies have shown that nurses with timely diagnosis, training on their complications for predisposed individuals, regular diabetic footprints, proper foot cover, and rapid treatment of foot problems can play an important role in the prevention and treatment of diabetic foot.

Discussion and Conclusion:

The results of this study indicate that nurses play the most important role in the prevention, care and treatment of diabetic foot. Therefore, it is suggested that nurses, by participating in training classes and in-service training workshops, try to update their knowledge in this field so that they can pass on their knowledge about ways to prevent diabetes with the best quality.