Health and Development Journal
Volume:8 Issue: 3, 2019

Drivers are more exposed to unhealthy lifestyle due to their working conditions. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the relation between lifestyle and high-risk behaviors in drivers visiting the Cargo Terminal of Yazd.

This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2017 in the Cargo Terminal of Yazd. Convenience sampling was performed. Data were collected using two questionnaires, a lifestyle and a researcher-made high-risk behaviors questionnaire. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Logistic Regression using SPSS version 22.

The results indicated that 59.3% were smokers, 44.9% hookah users, 24% drug users, and 65.3% had relation with someone other than. There was a significant correlation between lifestyle and smoking and also drug use. Income and the number of days away from family showed a significant relation with all the high-risk behaviors. Marital status had a significant relation with hookah use and the relation with their wife. Also, education had a significant relation with hookah use and drug use.

Conducting intervention programs to prevent the use of various tobacco products and also the use of appropriate preventive measures to prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases can play an important role in improving lifestyle and reducing high-risk behaviors in drivers.

Hypothyroidism means the production of thyroid hormone is inadequate for normal human activity. Due to the high prevalence of hypothyroidism after radiotherapy with and without surgery and the large number of patients treated at the radiotherapy center of Shafa hospital, this study aimed to determine the incidence of hypothyroidism in patients referred to this center and to motivate identifying them.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 100 patients visiting the Radiotherapy Center of Shafa Hospital during the years 2008-2014. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 using t-test in the subgroups.

The mean age of the participants was 56.65 ± 11.29 and 19% were diagnosed with hypothyroidism. There was a significant relation between the stage of tumor (P = 0.014) and type of treatment (P <0.001) with hypothyroidism.

Overall, it seems that the incidence of hypothyroidism in patients receiving radiotherapy is high, especially in patients undergoing radiotherapy with surgery. Special attention should be paid to screening patients with laryngeal cancer or other cancers of the head and neck, after radiotherapy and surgery.

Occupational burnout is a sign of various fatigue states and can cause diseases like musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and its relation with fatigue and occupational burnout in the staff of a petrochemical industry.

The present study is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study conducted on 121 personnel working in a petrochemical industry in 2017. For data collection, the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) questionnaire, Nordic questionnaire, and Maslach Burnout questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 and the significance level was considered 0.05.

In general, 71.1% of the subjects suffered from at least one musculoskeletal disorder in their organs during the past year. There was no significant relation between musculoskeletal disorders and occupational burnout. Musculoskeletal disorders were significantly associated with decreased motivation (P=0.035), one of the fatigue domains. Musculoskeletal disorders were also significantly related with the type of occupation (P = 0.017).

Musculoskeletal disorders are probably related with some fields of fatigue and burnout. Further studies should be done.

The staff of health care centers are prone to occupational burnout due to their overwhelming workload, the lack of scientific and professional promotion, along with their sensitive responsibilities. The purpose of this study was to determine occupational burnout and its related factors among the staff of health care centers in Babol, in 2016.

In this cross-sectional study, 210 employees of health care centers were selected by stratified random sampling. Data were collected using demographic data and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which included occupational burnout in three dimensions of emotional analysis, depersonalization, and a sense of reduction in individual success. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and analytical tests in SPSS 22 with a significant level of 0.05.

Results showed that 46 employees (22.2%) had high emotional exhaustion, and 55 (26.6%) had high depersonalization. None of the respondents felt low personal accomplishment. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization had a significant inverse relation with the staff's educational level (P=0.005 and P=0.004, respectively). There was a significant direct correlation between emotional exhaustion with work experience (P=0.003), and type of employment (P=0.048); and also between depersonalization with work experience (P=0.001) and type of employment (P=0.013).

Given the presence of burnout components among staff, proper human resources management is recommended to improve morale and motivation and provide a favorable work environment with financial support for all staff.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are the most important cause of lost workdays and inefficiencies, medical costs, and workforce injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the musculoskeletal disorders in employees of Babol health centers in 2017.

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 210 employees of Babol health centers. A questionnaire including demographic information and the Standard Nordic Questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test in SPSS 22 software.

The mean age of the personnel was 40.07 ± 8.46. The highest prevalence of disorders was reported in the waist (58.9%) and neck (54.1%) in the last year, and the lower back (46.9%) and neck (44.9%) in the last seven days. In the last year, 25.7% and 15.5% of the staff required the use of medical and physiotherapy services, respectively, due to disorders. There was a significant relation between behind-the-desk hours with neck (P= 0.002) and knee pain (P= 0.049).

In order to prevent and control musculoskeletal disorders, regarding the high prevalence of them, it is necessary to program for educational workshops to increase personnel knowledge, as well as ergonomic interventions, redesigning the workplace, and using appropriate anthropometric equipment.

Mental health, on one hand, plays an important role in providing the social, cultural, and economic development grounds; and nation's on the other hand, various biological, psychological, and social factors influence its realization.
Accordingly, identification of these effective factors can help improve the mental health of people. In this regard, the present study examined the relation between social capital and mental health of students.

The research was a cross-sectional survey. The sample was 239 students who were selected by stratified random sampling. Mental health data were collected through Goldberg's 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and social capital data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire. To analyze the data, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used in SPSS 14.

There was a significant relation between social capital (P<0.001) and its components including social trust (p<0.001), social network (P=0.001), and norms of cooperation (P=0.018) with the mental health of students, but the socio-economic status (P=0.462) and students' age (P=0.202) had no significant relation with their mental health. Also, social capital was associated with symptoms of social function (P<0.001) and depression (P<0.001), of mental health dimensions.

Considering the effective role of social capital in promoting the mental health of students, universities can play an important role in enhancing students’ social capital via supporting group activities.

Population aging is one of the most fundamental challenges of today’s world. Due to the increasing growth of the elderly population and the importance of identifying effective factors on their physical activity, this study was done to determine physical activity and its effective factors among the elderly population of Khorramabad city.

This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 on 450 elderly people in Khorramabad city. Data were collected using 4 questionnaires about demographic characteristics, Community Healthy Activities Program for Seniors (CHAMPS), Knowledge towards physical activity, and Attitude scale Toward Physical Activities (ATPA). Data were analyzed using independent t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA and stepwise regression in SPSS 22.

The mean age of participants was 64.20±5.51 years. The mean of physical activity was 251.02±184.81 MET-min/wk. Mean physical activity was significantly correlated with educational level (P=0.001), employment status (P=0.006) and perceived economic status (P = 0.003). There was also a direct significant correlation between physical activity with weight (r=0.102, P=0.031) and life satisfaction (r=0.120,P=0.011). Also, knowledge (P=0.001) and attitude (P = 0.001) significantly predicted the level of physical activity.

The results of this study showed that the physical activity of most of the elderly under study was low and moderate. Illiterate, worker, and low-income elderly people had little physical activity. Considering appropriate programs in this field is necessary.

Today, organizations are confronted with the issue of what determines the growth and prosperity of their social responsibility. The current study aimed to investigate the relation between organizational entrepreneurship and transformational leadership with social responsibility of the medical society. 

The present study was a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional survey design. The statistical population was the managers and staff of the Universities of Medical Sciences in Kerman province in 2018. 384 samples were selected using convenience sampling. Data was collected through the Persian version of the Allen et al.’s organizational entrepreneurship questionnaire, Mirmohammadi & Rajai's transformational leadership questionnaire, and Taheri’s social responsibility questionnaire. Data was analyzed using structural equations modeling in AMOS ver. 24.0.

The findings of this study showed that organizational entrepreneurship (P=0.002) and its dimensions including business environment (P=0.023), entrepreneurial culture (P=0.001), entrepreneurial orientation (P=0.031) and entrepreneurial action (P=0.001) had a positive and significant association with social responsibility. Also, transformational leadership (P=0.001) and its dimensions including perspective (P=0.004), institutionalization of change (P=0.001) and purposeful activities (P=0.001) had a positive and significant association with social responsibility.

According to the results of the study, it is suggested that using organizational entrepreneurship and transformational leadership strategies, can promote social responsibility in the medical community and provide appropriate services that match the needs of society.