نشریه فناوری حمل و نقل
پیاپی 29 (پاییز و زمستان 1396)

Transportation sector is an important part of economics which has many effects on other sectors. Operation of this sector depends on energy. Therefore, energy price changes affect on value added and inflation of this sector and have important effect on main variables of economics. In this paper, effects of volatility of energy price are surveyed on value added and inflation of land transportation sector and it's intensity on these two variables with VECM, Impulse response. The results revealed the indirect effect of volatility of energy price on value added and direct effect on inflation in land transportation sector. Second hypothesis as more effects of volatility of energy price on inflation respect to value added in this sector, is accepted.

Several years after operation of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system in Tehran, considerable problems have been appeared in pavement structure of stations and routes. This research collects and evaluates pavement distress in high traffic Tehran BRT lines, using pavement management system (PMS) method to find out the fundamental and crucial problems. It was found that the major damage which needs considerable attention is the pavement rutting. Other distress in AC pavement are longitudinal and transversal cracking, polished aggregates, shoving, fatigue cracking (e.g., alligator cracking), and joint and slab breaking in the rigid pavement. The study eventually suggests and consequently designs suitable pavements based on the pavement distress types in BRT’s stations and routs and several other considerations such as Tehran’s climatic conditions, existing equipment executive concerns and facilities, pavement construction speed, quality and performance, capital costs and overlay and maintenance costs. The designed Pavements discussed in this paper are asphalt pavement with black base layer, roller compacted concrete pavement with AC surface layer, jointed reinforced concrete pavement and fiber reinforced concrete pavement.

Traffic safety is one of the most important aspects of traffic engineering and it has always been a major concern, due to the grave consequences on human life such as injuries, death and economic loss. Equipping and standardizing road safety equipment's can prove effective in reducing the number and severity of accidents. Road side barriers are used to protect astray vehicles from colliding with rigid barriers or being thrown off a cliff. Hence cable safety barriers, as a flexible barrier can play an important role in reducing the severity of crashes.
In this research, a comparative study of the installation and implementation of cable safety barriers has been carried out. A case study in this research was part of the Haraz-Amol road and within Amol's bypass road. The Results from this research showed that the use of cable safety barrier, without considering the existing international and national standards (if any) and technical specifications of the manufacturer, can have a negative effect on safety performance of this barrier and even lead to an increase in the severity of accidents.

Transportation is an inseparable part of human life and wherever there are human or a society, undoubtedly there will be transportation. With the increasing development of roads, transportation systems and involvement of human in this system, safety topics will be more important. Statistics increasingly show the importance of the issue and its impact on the country. Most studies about accidents and road safety concluded that the main cause of accidents is human factors. To improve those factors, extensive researches have been made with the accurate analysis. In this study, human factors affecting accidents have been identified. Questionnaires have been distributed to make a paired comparison between human factors that affect accidents. At the end, analysis on the questionnaires using AHP method and “Expert choice” computer software were made and these factors were ranked according to their importance.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of smartphones as a new way of collecting passengers' travel information. In this paper, the role of smartphones in the transportation industry has been studied. Different methods of information collection are compared, their advantages and disadvantages are identified as well. To this end, all studies carried out in this field from late 1990 to 2017 have been studied. The results of this study can be used in transport studies related to the origin-destination flow or in the studies of passengers' behavior in the use of various modes of transportation.

Platform Screen Doors (PSDs) are designed system to disconnect the interaction between the platform and the rail corridor of a subway station while the train is not present and hence lead to the safety of passengers on platform. However, there are Concerns about the efficiency of PSD system in emergency situations and its possible negative effects on the safety of passengers. But in order to consider and verify the effects and characteristics of a system, having full recognition of that system is necessary. In this article, these two issues will be discussed by complete introducing the PSD system and review the latest studies and activities in this regard. Therefore, 39 related technical reports and articles between 2003 and 2016 examined that eventually 27 of them were selected. The results showthat by principled designing and consideration to safety, PSD is an efficient system for safety of passengers and reduce energy consumption in subway stations.

Planning in the field of public transportation especially bus network encompasses a vast area of research. The process of network analyzing could be studied from different point of view namely network designing, program planning for drivers activity, demand analysis, planning in order to traffic assignment, mathematical solutions and full-fledged methods. Designing links of network could be considered as the most important part of planning. This process which is known as a strategic step so as to do large-term programs, affects frequency organizing, determining the number of vehicles, vehicles scheduling and using staff. This research has done by revising 40 studies about solving the designing network of bus lines problem with different kind of methods. Also, mentioned studies are classified from their model aims and type of solutions point of views. From the aim point of view, being theory or practical of used methods are considered and from the solution point of view, mathematical approaches, initiated and meta-initiated approaches and full-fledged are discussed. According to these descriptions, although, it is possible that presented approaches by experimental models are optimum, they aren’t practical and useful in real world. In addition, it is determined that standing achieved answers with previous methods in local optimums and disability of models in solving different problems is the most important reason of increasing new solutions. Furthermore, mathematical and initiated method have not lost their application in solving problems and are used in some special problems. Finally, in this research, according to aims and different features of each researcher in order to analyzing new network design problems, some useful and appropriate models are suggested.